How many international security concepts are there?

International security theory always defines the concept of "security" itself first. Although different scholars have slightly different definitions of "security", it is generally believed that "security" is a state without danger, fear and uncertainty and the pursuit of this state. At the same time, security also means the ability to use and reproduce value in the way they think fit, and the peaceful relationship with other subjects.

Generally speaking, the theories of international relations involving security issues are mainly realism and liberalism (Zhu Liqun, 2002).

First, the realistic concept of international security.

The realistic concept of international security is mainly reflected in the following three aspects:

First, the basic structural feature of the international system is anarchy, that is, there is no legal centralized control force;

Second, the main actors in the international system are sovereign independent countries, which are self-interested;

Third, in the anarchist international system, the relationship between countries can only be competitive. In order to ensure their own survival, countries must rely on their own strength to safeguard their own security, and it is impossible to build their own security on the goodwill of other countries.

Based on this understanding, realism believes that there are two kinds of international order closely related to the realization of national security: one is balance of power; First, hegemonic stability.

As a security order, realism believes that balance of power is the only inevitable result in international politics, which is crucial to maintaining the stability of the international community. According to realism, the most important manifestation of the balance of power in history is not the balance of power between two isolated countries, but the relationship between one country or an alliance of countries and another. "The logic of balance of power often leads to alliance and cooperation between countries to fight against the common enemy." The cooperation caused by alliance is a realistic and positive rational cooperation. In the view of realism, cooperation in the balance of power system has not changed the nature of conflicts in international relations, because alliance cooperation is the mutual use of countries for their own interests, which is linked to targeting third parties. It reflects the distribution and competition of power and is the need of power balance. Once together