Jiangnan gongyuan

Was there a Hiram's Hospital in Xinjiang in Qing Dynasty?

Jiangnan Gongyuan once occupied an area of about 300,000 square meters, starting from Yaojiaxiang in the east, west to Gong Yuan West Street, south to Qinhuai River and north to Jiankang Road. It is one of the main buildings in the area of Confucius Temple, and Qinhuai River once flourished because of the existence of Gong Yuan and Confucius Temple.

Gong Yuan first appeared in the Kaiyuan period of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. It is the administrative organ and examination place for provincial examinations. 19 12 Jiangnan Gongyuan in spring, and you can see the Nanjing City Wall on the right front. Entering the Song Dynasty, more and more scholars took part in the imperial examinations.

It was not until the Xiaozong Dynasty in the Southern Song Dynasty that Gongyuan was established in counties and counties that it became common. 1 168 (the fourth year of the Song main road), Jiankang Zhifu Shijian Jiankang Mansion.

At that time, it was only the examination place of Jiankang County School, so the scale was not large, with only 1 10 rooms and a small number of candidates. If the number of candidates increases, the monk temple will be used to hold the exam.

According to records, Jiankang Palace was facing Qinhuai, connected with Qingxi, far away from Fangshan, and had a pleasant climate [1]. 1 19 1 year (the second year of Song Dynasty), Jiankang magistrate Yu, "through the imperial court, repair it, and broaden it."

For this reason, Yang Wanli, the deputy envoy of Jiangdong Transit, wrote a Record of Rebuilding Hiram's Hospital, describing the layout and regulation of Hiram's Hospital: "The examiner has a home and the teacher has a hall. There are four corridors and two arches.

There are several situations that can be studied. North of the hall, south of Zhong Yong, front and rear walls, inside and outside are free.

Since the table, sealed 1920 Jiangnan Gongyuan Mingyuan Building Division, the official of writing books, is a member of the right and left, not eating but not eating. It can be seen from this passage that although the scale is not large, the housing setting of the Hiram's Hospital has been somewhat particular: officials have office space, candidates have examination rooms, and there is a wall between the inner curtain area and the outer curtain area, which is isolated from each other.

In the Yuan Dynasty, because the rulers did not attach importance to the imperial examinations and discriminated against "southerners", according to the records of Jinling Xinzhi, the area around Gong Yuan, Jiankangfu, became the East Weaving and Dyeing Bureau in the first year of Yuan to Yuan, managing silk weavers. 1368 (the first year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty), after Zhu Yuanzhang, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty, made Nanjing his capital, after having obtained the provincial examination, he was held in Gong Yuan, south of Nanjing.

142 1 year (19th year of Yongle in Ming dynasty), Judy, the founding emperor of Ming dynasty, moved to Beijing, and Nanjing remained the capital. Due to the rich cultural resources in Jiangnan, there are more and more reference scholars, and the original examination room is getting smaller and smaller.

The official residence of Ji Gang in Ming Taizu, Jiangnan Palace Garden and Mingyuan Building in 19 10 were rebuilt as "Jiangnan Palace Garden" with the residences of Commander Huailai Wei, Zhong Yongbo and others, as well as the North Xi Temple, the son of the satrap Huang Gong Yongyuan Temple and He. In A.D. 1453 (the fourth year of Jingtai in Ming Dynasty), the then Taishou Liang established the Gongyuan.

When selecting the site, I learned that "the grandson of Qinhuai has a land profile, and the former Chen Wu was not buried in the abandoned house, which has long been a nursery for self-protection. If it is repaired and reasonable, it will be fine. " Therefore, please use this place as the new address of Hiram Hospital.

After being approved, he immediately raised funds and began to collect materials. After the completion of the new Hiram's Hospital, it coincided with the Dabi period.

This year's Chinese style is more popular than the last one. After the release of the list, the new members of Shengshi "held a banquet in the new hall, practiced beans when singing, and merged cultural relics, so they were prepared for the prosperous time."

/kloc-Ming Garden Building was built in 0/534 (13th year of Ming Jiajing). The building is three stories high, square, with protruding eaves and windows on all sides. Mingyuan Building is the central building of Hiram's Hospital and the tallest building. It can not only give orders and direct the whole audience, but also be the place where the examination room is supervised and monitored. It is also the oldest examination building in China.

The word "bright future" is taken from the meaning of "be cautious in pursuing the future and be wise in preserving our health" in "University". During the scientific research in Nanjing during the Republic of China, officials such as prison guards, examiners and prosecutors patrolled the building day and night, "waving flags during the day and raising lights for help at night" to prevent candidates from making trouble and cheating.

During the reign of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, Jiangsu and Anhui provinces were divided, but politics and military affairs were still integrated. After obtaining the provincial examination, they still followed the system of Feng Jingen in Nanjing in Ming Dynasty, and candidates from both provinces came to Nanjing to take the examination. However, not every county's scholars and students can take the exam, but must pass the preliminary examination in advance. 1853 (the third year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty) After the Taiping Army occupied Nanjing, the provincial examinations in Jiangnan were forced to stop, and the buildings of Gongyuan in Jiangnan were also destroyed.

1864 (the third year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty), when Zeng Guofan's Xiang army captured Nanjing, except for Mingyuan Building, Hengjiantang and Zhigongtang, "there was no examiner in prison, and everything was in ruins". In order to win over scholars and win the hearts of the people, Zeng Guofan decisively decided to immediately repair the Jiangnan Hiram's Hospital, which not only expanded the scale of the Hiram's Hospital, but also opened the subject examination of that year.

At that time, it was a year after the provincial examination, and all provinces in China held autumn festivals as scheduled in August, with the exception of Jiangsu and Anhui provinces. Zeng Guofan visited the construction site many times, and Jiangnan Hiram's Hospital was completed as scheduled at the end of 10.

"Decided to hold this year (1864)10/month, using the enterprising spirit in Nanjing Mingyuanlou comfort group to recruit homeless people." As soon as the news came out, "scholars from the two rivers are surging, and they are returning to the business." In that year, 20,000 candidates flocked to Jiangning City.

1867 (the sixth year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty), Li Hongzhang, who succeeded the governor of Liangjiang, continued to build hundreds of houses in Jiangnan Palace. Since then, the Hiram's Hospital has been expanded several times in the eighth year of Tongzhi (1869), the tenth year of Tongzhi (187 1 year) and the twelfth year of Tongzhi (1873), with the scale of "499 houses and 74 factories, with the words on the trumpet".

According to the calculation, the actual area of Jiangnan Gongyuan in its heyday is123,000 square meters, which can be used for more than 20,000 candidates to take exams at the same time. It is one of the largest buildings in Nanjing and the largest of the 17th National Palace Garden in China in Qing Dynasty. 1905 (thirty-one year of Guangxu reign in Qing dynasty), Yuan Shikai and Zhang Zhidong asked the imperial examination to be suspended in order to promote learning and apply it.

Since then, Jiangnan Hiram's Hospital has ended its mission. China's imperial examination system didn't spread to the west until the early Qing Dynasty, forming the present western civil service examination system, which is called the fifth great invention of China, which has a great influence on human progress in the world.

19 18 (in the seventh year of the Republic of China), most of the Jiangnan Palace Garden was demolished, leaving only a few houses in the judicial court, administrative court, Zhigongtang, Hengjiantang and Mingyuan Building. Except as historical relics, the rest were demolished and turned into markets.

During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, it was the seat of the Executive Yuan and the Supreme Court of the Wang Puppet Government. After liberation, it was handed over to Nanjing Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital for use. After the reform and opening up, the ruins of 1000 square meters were dug up.

Who can tell me something about the history of Jiangnan Palace Garden in Confucius Temple?

Jiangnan Gongyuan is located on the Qinhuai River in the south of Nanjing, adjacent to the Confucius Temple. It was the largest imperial examination room in ancient China.

history

Jiangnan Gongyuan was built in Xiaozong Road in the Southern Song Dynasty for four years (A.D. 1 168). In the Ming Dynasty, Nanjing, Jiangsu and Anhui provinces were the capitals, and provincial and national examinations were held. After moving the capital to Beijing, Nanjing stayed as the capital and as the imperial examination room. In the early Qing Dynasty, Nanjing was the capital of jiangnan province, so Gong Yuan always used the name "Jiangnan Gongyuan".

There are two walls around the Palace Garden in the south of the Yangtze River, which are covered with thorns to prevent cheating, so the world also calls Gong Yuan "the thorn enclosure".

Jiangnan Gongyuan once occupied an area of about 300,000 square meters, starting from Yao Jia Lane in the east, west to Gong Yuan West Street, south to Qinhuai River and north to Jiankang Road. It is one of the main buildings in the area of Confucius Temple, and Qinhuai River once flourished because of the existence of Gong Yuan and Confucius Temple. After that, there is only a quadrangle-style building, which is only used as a museum to show the prosperity at that time, and there is also a grand architectural model to perceive the prosperity of Gong Yuan.

Zheng Banqiao, Wu,,, Weng Tonghe, Li Hongzhang, and Zhang Qian, the last champion of China, are not included.

In Qing dynasty, scientific research was held in 1 12; Among them, 49 are from Jiangsu and 9 are from Anhui, accounting for 58, accounting for 5 1.78% of the total number of top scholars in China.

Jiangnan Gongyuan, located in the southeast corner of Nanjing, is an ancient "geomantic treasure house", with Taoyedu in the east, Qinhuai River in the south, champion land in the west and Jiankang Road in the north. According to the Story of the South Window, Jiankang (Nanjing) was founded in the fourth year of Xiaozong Road in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 168) by Zhifu Stone. At first, it was the test center of county politics. The area is not large, and there are not many candidates. If the number of candidates increases, the monk temple will be used to hold the exam. In A.D. 1368, after Zhu Yuanzhang, Emperor Taizu of Ming Dynasty, made Nanjing his capital, he held the provincial and national examinations in Nanjing. In the 19th year of Yongle (142 1), Judy moved to Beijing and Nanjing remained the capital. Due to the rich cultural resources in Jiangnan, there are more and more reference scholars, and the original examination room is getting smaller and smaller. Emperor Yongle confiscated the residence of Ji Gang, the minister of crime, and rebuilt the "Jiangnan Gongyuan" with the houses of Jia, Bo and others, as well as the satrap Huang Gong Yongyuan Temple and his son North Temple. After the continuous expansion in Ming and Qing Dynasties, by the Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, Jiangnan Gongyuan had formed an official residence with 20,644 examination rooms, as well as more than 1000 official rooms for examiners, inspectors, deacons and other officials, plus rooms for meals, warehouses, handymen and guards. And more land to build pools, gardens, bridges, passages and watchtowers.

Gong Yuan celebrities of Jiangnan Gongyuan

Zheng Banqiao, Wen Tianxiang, Wu, Yuan Mei, Lin Zexu, Deng Tingzhen, Zeng Guofan, Zuo, Li Hongzhang and Chen Duxiu are all candidates or examiners of Jiangnan Gongyuan.

Liu Chunlin, the last top scholar in China, is not included. Shi Naian Shi Naian (1296 ~ 137 1 year), a famous novelist, was born in Xinghua, Jiangsu.

Zi Ming 'an (Ming 'er), also known as Zhao Rui, is called Yan Duan and Naian. The masterpiece is the novel Water Margin.

Shi Naian/KLOC-was a scholar at the age of 0/9, a scholar at the age of 28, and a scholar with Liu Bowen at the age of 36. Tang Bohu Tang Bohu (1470~ 1523) was a painter and writer in the Ming Dynasty in China.

Tang Yin was born in Chenghua, Ming Xianzong for six years, when it was silver moon Yinri, so he was named Tang Yin, and because he was a tiger, he was also named Tang Bohu. , Bohu, No.6 Rujushi, Taohuaan Master, Monk Chan Xian, Lu De, and Jie Yuan of Nanjing are known as the first romantic talents in the south of the Yangtze River.

At the age of twenty-nine, he went to Nanjing Jiangnan Gongyuan to take the provincial examination and won the first place in Xieyuan. Just when he was full of ambition, he went to Beijing to take the exam the next year. Because he was involved in the fraud case in the examination room, he was unlucky and never wanted his career.

Zheng Banqiao Zheng Banqiao (1693~ 1765), a famous painter in Qing dynasty, was one of the "Eight Eccentrics of Yangzhou". The word kerou,no. Banqiao.

Xinghua, Jiangsu province, Kangxi imperial examination champion. Juren in the tenth year of Yongzheng, and Jinshi in the first year of Qianlong (1736). Officials in Fan County and Wei County of Shandong Province have a political voice, "Please ask for help for people who are hungry at the age of 20, become a big official, and then ask for illness."

Before and after he became an official, he lived in Yangzhou and made a living by painting and calligraphy. Poetry, words, good books and good paintings.

Poetry despises idioms. He is good at drawing flowers, wood and stones, especially orchids and bamboo.

Wu Wu (170 1~ 1754), a novelist in Qing Dynasty, was a native of Quanjiao. Word Min Xuan,No. He Min.

Wu Yisheng created a large number of poems, essays and historical research works, including twelve volumes of Wenmushanfang Poems, of which four volumes exist. However, it was his satirical novel The Scholars that established his outstanding position in the history of China literature.

Li Hongzhang (1823~ 190 1), an important official of the Qing Dynasty and an advocate of the Westernization Movement, whose real name gradually changed to Fu (a word) and his name was Shao Quanlin (spring). In his later years, he became a tool, and his nickname was worry-free. A native of Dongxiang (now Feidong County) in Hefei, Anhui Province, he is a Modian.

Because of the second line, it is also called "Mr. Li Er" among the people. There are complete works of Li Wenzhong.

Weng Weng Tonghe Tonghe (1830~ 1904), a famous minister in Qing Dynasty, was born in Changshu, Jiangsu Province, and his surname was Shu, life, alias Song Chan and Ping 'an. The son of a great scholar Weng Xincun.

Xianfeng entered the Jinshi in the sixth year (1856), and served as assistant minister of the Ministry of Finance, adviser to Zuodu of Ducha Institute, minister of punishments, minister of industry, minister of finance, minister of military affairs and minister of state affairs of various countries. He was a famous incorruptible leader at that time. 1898 Guangxu coup, dismissed from office to Li.

Chasing Wen Gong after death. Weng Tonghe, the master of Guangxu, "has advice in case of trouble". Guangxu "asks for harmony in everything, especially when leaning on it as soon as possible."

Wen Tianxiang, Wen Tianxiang (1236— 1283), Han nationality, was born in Jishui, Jizhou (now Ji 'an, Jiangxi). Formerly known as Sun Yun, his real name is Song Rui, and he is a Taoist priest in Wenshan and Fuxiu, an outstanding national hero and patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty.

He is the author of The Complete Works of Wenshan, including Yi Ge and Guo Ling Ding Yang. Song Lizong Bao You is a scholar.

Official to the prime minister, believe in the Lord protector. When Lin 'an was in danger, he recruited insurgents in his hometown and loyal opposition Yuan soldiers invaded.

Unfortunately, after being captured, he was put above his family in prison. His poems in his later years reflected his firm national integrity and tenacious fighting spirit.

The style is impassioned, desolate and tragic, with strong appeal. There are The Complete Works of Mr. Wenshan and Wenshan Yuefu.

Zhang Jian (1853~ 1926), a famous industrialist and educator in modern China, was born in Changle Town, Haimen Zhili Club, Jiangsu Province. He advocates "saving the country through industry". He founded more than 20 enterprises and more than 370 schools in his life, and made valuable contributions to the rise of national industries and the development of education in modern China. He was called a "top industrialist".

Comrade * * * once said when talking about China's national industry: "Zhang Jian cannot be forgotten in light industry".

Is Jiangnan Gongyuan the same as China Imperial Examination Museum?

I don't think so.

Jiangnan Gongyuan, also known as Nanjing Gong Yuan and Jiankang Gong Yuan, is located in the east of Gong Xue, Nanjing Confucius Temple, Qinhuai District, Nanjing. It is the largest imperial examination room in ancient China, the place where scholars in southern China studied, one of the three ancient buildings of Confucius Temple, and an important part of the Qinhuai scenic belt of Confucius Temple.

Jiangnan Gongyuan was founded in Song Dynasty (1 168) and reached its peak in Ming and Qing Dynasties. During the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty, there were only 20,644 examination rooms, which could accept more than 20,000 candidates to take the examination at the same time, plus hundreds of ancillary buildings, covering an area of more than 300,000 square meters. It is the largest imperial examination room in ancient China, with a large scale and a wide area, ranking first in the palaces of China provinces.

In the thirty-first year of Guangxu reign in Qing Dynasty (1905), Yuan Shikai and Zhang Zhidong asked the Qing court to stop the imperial examination in order to promote learning and apply it. Since then, Jiangnan Gong Yuan has ended its historical mission. From the completion of Jiangnan Palace Garden to the abolition of the imperial examination in the late Qing Dynasty, the country sent more than 800 top scholars, 65,438+10,000 scholars, and millions of people. In the Ming and Qing dynasties alone, more than half of the officials in the country came from Gongyuan in the south of the Yangtze River, and the prosperity of Jinling culture can be imagined.

Why are there only four houses in Jiangnan Hiram's Hospital?

From the completion of Jiangnangong Garden to the cancellation of the imperial examination in the late Qing Dynasty, more than 800 top scholars, also known as Nanjing Gong Yuan, were sent across the country, occupying the largest area in China. In the Ming and Qing dynasties alone, more than half of the officials in the country came from Gongyuan in the south of the Yangtze River, and the prosperity of Jinling culture can be imagined, covering an area of more than 300,000 square meters.

Jiangnan Gongyuan reached its peak in Ming and Qing Dynasties. During the Tongzhi period of Qing Dynasty, it was able to accept more than 20,000 candidates at the same time, and it was also one of the three ancient buildings in the Confucius Temple area. Jiangnan Palace Garden was built in Song Dynasty (1 168), and there are 20,644 examination rooms alone. It shouldn't. Confucius Temple is an important part of Qinhuai scenic belt. It was the largest imperial examination room in ancient China. Zhang Zhidong asked the Qing court to stop the imperial examination.

In the thirty-first year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1905), Yuan Shikai was a scholar. It's very large, and the south of China is the place where the imperial examination takes scholars. In order to promote the development of the school, it has been rebuilt and expanded. It is located in the east of Gong Xue, Nanjing Confucius Temple in Qinhuai District, Nanjing, creating the largest imperial examination room in ancient China. Since then, Gong Yuan in the south of the Yangtze River has ended its historical mission and built the Kanggong Courtyard, with more than 65,438+10,000 scholars, plus hundreds of ancillary buildings, with a million people.

Professional museums reflecting the imperial examination system in China

Here is the exhibition hall for you. I hope it works for you. Jiangnan Gongyuan History Exhibition Hall is the only professional museum in China that reflects China's imperial examination system.

Jiangnan Gongyuan Historical Exhibition Hall is located at Nanjing Confucius Temple Jinling Road 1. Jiangnan Palace Garden was built in Zhao Shen Road, Song Xiaozong for four years (1 168). It was a small-scale place for the political examination in Jiankang County at that time. After Zhu Yuanzhang, the first emperor of Ming Dynasty, made Nanjing his capital, he changed it to the place where he had obtained the provincial examination and the examination, and built another place for the county political examination.

During the reign of Judy Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1403- 1424), Jiangnan Palace Garden was rebuilt and its scale gradually increased. After moving the capital in the 19th year of Yongle in Ming Dynasty (142 1), Nanjing became the capital, and Jiangnan Gongyuan became a special place after having obtained the provincial examination.

In the Qing Dynasty, Jiangning was the political, economic, military and cultural center of the south of the Yangtze River, and Gong Yuan was still the location after having obtained the provincial examination. From the Daoguang period, after several repairs and expansions, to the Guangxu period, the scale was unprecedented.

At that time, there were as many as 20,664 Shes in examinee number (that is, places where candidates took exams during the day and stayed at night), which could accommodate more than 20,000 candidates at the same time. In the Qing Dynasty, Jiangsu and Anhui provinces were collectively called jiangnan province, and Jiangnan Gongyuan was the place where students from Jiangsu and Anhui took the provincial examinations. It is as famous as Shuntiangongyuan in Beijing, and is called "Southern Wei" and "Northern Wei" respectively.

In its heyday, Gongyuan in the south of the Yangtze River started from Yaojia Lane in the east, west to Gong Yuan West Street, across the street from Confucius Temple, south to Gong Yuan Street, adjacent to Hezhai on Qinhuai River, and north to Jiankang Road. The main entrance of Gong Yuan is located between Yonghe Garden Restaurant and Qinhuai Theatre today.

Outside the main entrance, there is a wooden archway (also known as Yuanmen) in the east and west of the street. There is a stone archway and a stone lion on the east and west sides of the main entrance, and the inscriptions on the stone archway are "borrowing Ming" and "seeking the country" respectively. The main entrance is divided into three ways: the first door is three; The second door is five doors; The third door is "Longmen", with two doors on the left and right, which means "carp yue longmen".

At this time, no one can enter except the students who should take the exam. From "Longmen" to Mingyuan Building, this building was built in Yongle period of Ming Dynasty and rebuilt in Qing Dynasty.

This is a three-story square brick-wood structure with three floors, four brick walls at the bottom and four arches. The upper two floors are all made of wood, and there are windows on all sides, which can give you a panoramic view of the Hiram's Hospital. It is the central part and the tallest building of Jiangnan Palace Garden.

Every research, supervision, inspection and other outside officials are here to give orders and be responsible for vigilance. There is a pair of couplets inscribed by Li Yu, a famous scholar in Qing Dynasty: "If the order is strict, the gentry will crouch and wander, and everyone will be tired;" In the same month, I like the people here and have a panoramic view. "

On the east and west sides of Mingyuan Building are rows of examinee number rooms. The building number was written by Zhou Xingsi, a scholar in the Liang Dynasty, but it didn't use "heaven, earth, mystery, yellow" and "qi", didn't use confusing numbers, and didn't use unlucky words such as "drought" and "hanging".

The external wall of the building is 8 feet (2.66 meters) high, 6 feet (2 meters) wide, 3 feet (1 meter) wide and 4 feet (1.3 meters) deep. There are more than 0/00 of each font size/kloc, and 50 or 60 short font sizes are arranged in the south.

There is a narrow alley about 4 feet (1.3 meters) wide between the buildings, and only two people can pass through. Brick walls separate each building.

There is no door in the building. After sitting in the right position, candidates should bring their own tarpaulin as a door curtain to keep out the wind and rain. Between one or two feet (about half a meter) from the ground, there are two brick grooves with wooden boards on them that can twitch.

During the day, the lower board is used as a seat, and the upper board can be used to write several cases; At night, the upper plate is pulled out and spliced with the lower plate, which becomes a simple bed for candidates to curl up and sleep. On the third day of the exam, the candidates are all in the dormitory and are not allowed to leave the dormitory.

Beyond Mingyuan Building, there is a wooden archway, followed by the Supreme Court, which is the place where invigilators and other screen officials hold meetings and work. In the center of the main hall, the plaque of Emperor Kangxi's imperial book "Asking for your instrument" hangs high. In the hall, there are two inscriptions by Yang Shiqi, a famous person in the Ming Dynasty: "Series, two texts are in harmony; The curtains are divided inside and outside, and the seams are not ventilated. "

The last place of the Supreme Court is the warning hall, and its back door is the outer curtain door, where the outer curtain officer stops. Out of the outer curtain door, I saw a pool of single-hole stone bridges made of green stone, named Feihong Bridge (now Nanjing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine).

The bridge is 12m long and 5.5m wide. After flying Hongqiao and the flower garden, you can reach Hengjian Hall, which is the place where insider officials (that is, examiners and examiners) review papers and decide the ranking.

The inner and outer curtain officials fly across Hongqiao and are not allowed to cross the line. At the four corners of Gong Yuan, there is a brick-wood building with two double eaves-the lookout building, which echoes the Mingyuan building from a distance.

Hiram's hospital is surrounded by high walls, which cut off the noise outside. In Ming and Qing Dynasties, the rural examination in Jiangnan was held once every three years in provincial capitals (including the capital). The examination was divided into three sessions, and the pilot was called Juren.

During his tenure as governor of Jiangsu (Suzhou), Lin Zexu was ordered to inspect Jiangnan Gongyuan twice in 1832 and 1835 to reform the imperial examination system of Jiangnan Gongyuan. When Zuo was the governor of the two rivers, he also served as the "supervisor" of Jiangnan in 1882.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, a large number of talents emerged in Jiangnan Gongyuan. Taking the Qing Dynasty as an example, Gong Yuan in the south of the Yangtze River held 1 12 after having obtained the provincial examination. Among them, 49 are from Jiangsu and 9 are from Anhui, accounting for 5 1 12 of the total national champions.

Celebrities in Ming and Qing Dynasties, such as Tang Yin, one of the four gifted scholars in Wuzhong, Wu, the author of The Scholars, Weng Tonghe, the teacher of Emperor Guangxu, and Zhang Jian, a famous industrialist in modern times, all stood out from this. 1903, the last rural examination was held in Gong Yuan, Jiangnan.

With the spread of western learning to the east and the rise of new schools, in the thirty-first year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1905), the imperial examination system, which had lasted for more than a thousand years since Sui and Tang Dynasties, had to be abolished, and Jiangnan Palace Garden was idle from then on. In the seventh year of the Republic of China (19 18), Qi Yaolin, the governor of Jiangsu Province, discussed with Han, the governor of Anhui Province, and decided to demolish it and turn it into a market, leaving only Mingyuan Building, Hengjiantang and some houses.

Jiangnan Hiram's Hospital is dead. 1927 On March 24th, after the National Revolutionary Army occupied Nanjing, Mingyuanlou became the founding place of Nanjing Federation of Trade Unions.

During the Republic of China, Jiangnan Gongyuan was * * * and Nanjing.