What should communication engineering learn and what is the employment prospect?

Communication engineering (also known as information engineering and telecommunication engineering, formerly known as long-distance communication engineering and weak current engineering) is an important branch of electronic engineering and one of the basic disciplines. This course focuses on the principle and application of information transmission and signal processing in communication. This major studies the knowledge of communication technology, communication system and communication network, and can engage in the research, design, manufacture and operation of communication field, and engage in the development and application of communication technology and equipment in various departments of national economy and national defense industry. After graduation, I can engage in research, design, technology introduction and technology development in the fields of wireless communication, television, large-scale integrated circuits, intelligent instruments and applied electronics, design and communication engineering. In recent years, graduates are concentrated in communication systems, high-tech development companies, research institutes, design units, financial systems, civil aviation, railways, governments and universities. Communication engineering majors mainly study signal generation, information transmission, exchange and processing, as well as theoretical and engineering applications in computer communication, digital communication, satellite communication, optical fiber communication, cellular communication, personal communication, stratospheric communication, multimedia technology, information superhighway and digital program-controlled exchange. With the invention of telegraph by Americans in the19th century, modern communication technology came into being. In order to meet the increasing technical demand, communication engineering has become a subject in American university education, and it has developed rapidly with the continuous improvement of modern technology.

The predecessor of domestic communication specialty is electrical engineering and electrical engineering. Shanghai Jiaotong University set up a "radio gate" in 19 17 electrical engineering specialty, and then set up a "wired communication and wireless communication gate" in 192 1. 1952 after the adjustment of the department, the "Ministry of Telecommunications" was established. 1934 Tsinghua University established a telecommunication group in the Department of Electrical Engineering. 1952, Tsinghua University and Peking University Department of Electrical Engineering merged to form Tsinghua University Department of Radio Engineering. This can be said to be the type of communication engineering specialty. The influential figures in this period are Tsinghua University Ren, Zhu Lancheng, Zhang Mingtao, Fan Xuyun and Zhang.

In the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China, on the basis of the original telecommunications engineering, electrical engineering, radio electronics and other majors, all relevant schools have accumulated strong strength for the training of modern communication engineering and technical personnel. During this period, scholars such as Zhang Enqiu, Wang Shouwu, Hu Hanquan, Wu Hongshi and Wang Qian were active in the teaching field of this major.

In the 1960s and 1970s, the major of communication engineering changed greatly under the impact of the Cultural Revolution. For example, in Tsinghua University, most of the electronic engineering departments of 1969 moved to Mianyang, Sichuan, and established Mianyang Branch in Tsinghua University. /kloc-moved back to Beijing in 0/978, and resumed the establishment of radio electronics department. In order to broaden the specialty orientation and meet the needs of scientific and technological development, the specialty settings have been adjusted, and three undergraduate majors have been added: radio technology and information system, physical electronics and photoelectric technology, and microelectronics. During this period, a number of outstanding scholars emerged, such as Academician Wu. As an electronic scientist and an electronic engineering educator, he is one of the pioneers in the field of digital communication in China. He has been engaged in the research of digital communication and data transmission, digital signal processing and pattern recognition for a long time. As early as 1958, he successfully developed the first eight-channel pulse code modulation telephone terminal equipment in China, and the data transmitter successfully developed by 1952 was used in the first artificial satellite in China. Academician Zhu has been engaged in the scientific research of communication system for a long time. From 1950s to 1970s, he participated in and presided over the overall design and development of a large number of communication carrier transmission systems, and achieved manufacturing results. At that time, it was in a leading position in China and close to the advanced level in the world. In particular, the first set of central axis cable 1800 carrier communication system in China, which is responsible for the overall design, is the main component of the whole carrier communication system in China. It can transmit telephone, telegraph, fax, broadcast, data and other services at the same time, which is one of the advanced transmission means adopted abroad at that time. A lot of fruitful work has been done in the construction of national long-distance automatic telephone network, network operation mode and network operation mode, and the independent position of telecommunication network discipline has been established.

In the 1980s, the hurricane of information revolution from developed countries such as the United States, Japan and Britain added a strong impetus to the development of communication engineering specialty in China, and since then, communication engineering specialty has its current name.

Due to the rapid rise of information expressway, communication technology plays an increasingly important role in the development of national economy, and the state has also increased its investment in this area. All colleges and universities have courses of this major or similar majors, and a large number of laboratories have also entered the university campus. For example, State Key Laboratory of Regional Optical Fiber Network and New Optical Communication System, Communication Laboratory, Digital Signal Processing Laboratory and Electronic Technology Laboratory of Shanghai Jiaotong University. In addition, Nanjing University, Zhejiang University, Harbin Institute of Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, China University of Science and Technology, Southeast University, Tongji University, Fudan University and many other key universities. It has made important contributions to the cultivation of outstanding talents in this major.

Due to the extensive demand for talents in society, the enrollment of this major is very large every year. Each school enrolls an average of 200-300 students each year, and some schools even have more. The education level ranges from junior college and undergraduate course to master's degree and doctor's degree, and some schools also have postdoctoral mobile stations, forming a cascade training mode for talents. Despite this, the annual graduates of this major are still in short supply.

In the new period, a large number of outstanding experts and scholars have emerged. For example, Academician Zhou Bingxun of Tsinghua University took the lead in "Research on Crystal Fiber Growth and Crystal Fiber Devices" in China. Its "Narrow Linewidth Tunable Semiconductor Laser and Related Technologies" has passed seven appraisal results, and its linewidth, frequency stability and tuning range have reached the international advanced level, making an important contribution to the development of coherent optical communication. It has reached the international advanced level in the research of "optical fiber high temperature sensor", optical fiber ring cavity fineness and ring laser. In addition, Professor Lu Da is in signal and information processing; Professor Feng is engaged in digital communication, voice signal processing and digital multiplexing. Professor Yao Yan's field is signal detection, estimation and identification and its application in electronic systems, high-speed real-time information processing and systems; Professor Cao Zhigang is engaged in digital modulation, coding and health communication, speech enhancement and digital signal processing technology; Professor Lin Xinggang has made outstanding contributions in the fields of intelligent graphic information processing and recognition, image compression and multimedia data, multimedia communication and terminal technology. These experts and professors paved the way for China's modern communication career to March into the 2 1 century.

Facing the new century, communication engineering specialty will usher in a broad development world. With the more and more extensive application of communication technology, there are all kinds of technical talents in this major, from space to seabed. Now that China has joined the WTO, it will certainly bring more room for the development of China's information industry. The shortage of communication engineering professionals has become a very unfavorable factor for China to participate in international competition. Therefore, in the next few years, China will pay more attention to the cultivation of professional talents, pay more attention to communication engineering education and improve the education level.

Communication technology research and development personnel

Career path: R&D personnel → R&D engineers → senior marketing or management personnel.

Talent market: A few years ago, the communication industry was in the spring, and the R&D field provided many high-paying positions. Even today, R&D positions of well-known enterprises such as Huawei, ZTE and UT Starcom are still very competitive. However, such companies and positions are too few compared with the increasing number of graduates in our major every year.

The reasons are not only the decrease in the demand for talents directly brought about by the scale of the communication industry and the stagnation of market development, but also the attitude of colleges and universities towards the setting of communication majors: "Go if conditions permit." -Many schools actually don't have the strength to offer this major. The key lies in teachers and experimental equipment. But even so, we should not lose heart. After all, as far as our major is concerned, it is difficult for undergraduates to meet the employment requirements of enterprises once they graduate. Therefore, the criteria for many enterprises to select new employees are "solid professional foundation, open mind, good English and a little creativity."

Analysis and suggestion: "The university can get graduation certificate, degree certificate, band 6 and computer certificate in four years, and everything else depends on mixing." There is a popular view among graduates nowadays. I personally don't think so. At least graduates majoring in communication-most companies will take a major when recruiting. Just like in the school exam, I can cram for the exam, but I have a deep understanding of how good the effect is: I took the recruitment exam for the first time after graduation that year, with seven questions-involving analog circuits, digital circuits, mobile communications, high-frequency electronic circuits and C language. The topic is very basic, but it covers a wide range, so you can't solve the problem before the exam. Even if you get away with it, because he may ask you carefully about your solution ideas in the next interview (later the supervisor told me that ideas are more important than answers).

More importantly, they won't give you the key points before the exam like your teacher. As long as you show a little professional skills in the test paper, your application can be said to be "over".

Key courses: circuit theory and application, computer technology, signal and system, electromagnetic field theory, digital system and logic design, digital signal processing, communication principle, etc. The specialized course of assembly and composition principle is still necessary and can be used in practical work. We can't be required to be proficient in every subject, but at least we can learn a little-you can choose two or three courses that interest you.

About English. The relationship between communication engineering and English is not particularly close, but most of the well-paid communication companies are foreign companies. Even a domestic-funded enterprise like Huawei requires a six-level recruitment-in the case of a particularly large choice, enterprises will naturally raise the entry threshold.

About creativity. The creativity here can actually be explained as novel ideas and design development consciousness. Therefore, compared with other activities organized by the school, it is a good exercise for us to participate in such activities as the electronic design competition. Remember, when writing a work or an award-winning design on your resume, you should carefully prepare the design ideas, including the problems in the design process, as well as the solutions and principles. If you have a good understanding of single chip microcomputer and circuit, you can try to make a board yourself to prepare for the development of single chip microcomputer after graduation, and then accumulate experience in your work and learn the knowledge of embedded system. This technical route is more suitable.

Technology going to market (management) is the home of many R&D personnel. Because with the growth of age, the learning ability declines, coupled with the bottleneck of R&D department's work design and strong technical foundation, engineers are choosing to do technical support, customer service and management of technical departments for a period of time (technical background has obvious advantages for this management: in such a high-tech department, who will serve a leader who can't even read the circuit diagram? )

Finally, on the eve of 3G, if you can master the basic knowledge of this technology, it should be of great benefit to employment. Here is a certification-Motorola Institute of Engineering, based on the communication technology training of 10 years, is the first in the industry to launch a social-oriented wireless communication technology course system-MCNE (Motorola Certified Network Engineer/Motorola Certified Wireless Network Engineer) course series and related courses. (For recommendation only, please judge and choose carefully according to your own situation. )

Sales staff of communication products

Career path: sales assistant → sales engineer → sales (marketing) manager.

Talent market: the demand is large, and the requirements for professional skills are not particularly deep, which is suitable for ordinary undergraduates. The most important thing is to have enough room for career development. If it really doesn't work, you can switch to other industries and continue to do sales.

Analysis and suggestions: including the sales of various upstream equipment and communication equipment. For the sales of upstream equipment, enterprises attach great importance to professional background when recruiting, so they must have a comprehensive understanding of some basic professional courses of communication. I suggest that those students who want to do sales practice before graduation and try to go to the R&D department of the enterprise-it is unwise to compete with marketing students in sales professional knowledge, and they should strengthen the core advantages of professional background.

In addition, it is natural to cultivate communication ability, marketing ability and planning ability. There are many students in the university who disdain to work in the student union. Actually, I don't know if you can learn anything else there. It is a good way to cultivate your communication and organizational skills, especially when you have achieved a certain position through your own efforts. As for reading professional books on sales, I personally think it is better to read professional magazines and newspapers. The former is almost pure theory and blunt, while the latter is theory plus practice.

What you can start preparing at school is to learn to do marketing planning-you can download some excellent planning and planning projects on the Internet, and learn slowly according to it. This is what you must use at work, and some companies may do the same in the written test. Finally, regular planning can help you form a good habit: always organize your thoughts and analyze things in an orderly way. Personally, I think the prospect is good, but if you want to find a good job, besides excellent skills, good connections will determine your final direction.