10 Ancient poems about history.

Wen Tingyun of Su Wu Temple Although our special envoy Su Wu is gone, his body and soul are there, but this ancient temple is tall and straight. The detention of the North Sea book is cut off, and the moon is above the head; The hungry sheep are back, and the vast grassland has been blackened by dusk. When he came back, he found that his country had changed (1) because he left it with a young hat and sword (2). His painful adventure didn't win his title, and the waves of autumn kept sobbing in the river. Note ① Description A: The Story of Hanwu contains: Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty "describes A with colored glass, pearl jade, bright moon and luminous world treasure, followed by B .. A is a god, and B claims to be himself." "Not an account" means that Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty died. (2) Ding Nian, prime of life. ③ Mausoleum: Mausoleum of Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty; Hou Feng: After Su Wu's holiday, Emperor Gaozu Xuan Di named him as the Hou of Shanhaiguan Pass and gave him 300 restaurants. This is an ancient poem, which was written by the poet when he visited Suwu Temple. What did the poet see? What do you have in mind? What thoughts and feelings have you expressed? The poet saw the towering trees of the ancient temple in Cebu Temple. First of all, I thought of the story of Su Wu's "selling the soul before the Han envoy", imagined Su Wu suddenly meeting the Han envoy, and wrote the word "lost soul" for all kinds of unspeakable emotions that he had been detained by the Huns for 19 years. Zhuan Xu then recalled the years in Su Wu, and drew two pictures with neat sentences: one was a picture of looking at wild geese, and the other was a picture of grazing in the desert, which outlined the long years when Su Wu was imprisoned in a foreign country. At the thought of Su Wu's return, the imperial palace has gone, and people are getting old. William imagined that after Su Wu came back, he cried and mourned Emperor Wu. This poem "Seeing" is the beginning, and then it is all about imagining and remembering history. He expressed his reverence for Su Wu and his dismay at the changes of the world. This concern sometimes hurts not only oneself, but also contemporaries, such as Li Qingzhao's quatrains: life is a hero, and death is a hero. I still miss Xiang Yu and refuse to cross Jiangdong! The reason why the author remembers Xiang Yu is not only because the author has the spirit of being a heroine, but also because the small court in the Southern Song Dynasty was selfish and did not think about the Northern Expedition, which reminded the author of the hero Xiang Yu. This is a statement, a mockery and a cry. In contrast, the meaning of poetry is naturally clear: the times call for heroes. Wen Tingyun, passing by Chen Lin's tomb, once saw the legacy of Qing history, and drifted over this grave today. Poets should know me if they have spirits, and tyrants will pity you if they have no owners. Spring grass is buried in the stone forest, and Tongquetai is desolate against the dusk clouds. Don't blame me for being depressed. I want to learn calligraphy and sword to join the army. This is a poem about historic sites. On the surface, it is to mourn the ancients, but in fact it is to express the feelings of life experience. Chen Lin, one of the famous seven sons of Jian 'an in the late Han Dynasty, was a good secretary of chapter and table. At the beginning, it was the master book of the general blade, and once offered a plan to destroy eunuchs to the blade, which was not adopted; After taking refuge in Jizhou, Yuan Shao asked him to write an article and draft a campaign against Cao Cao. After Yuan Shao's defeat, he took refuge in Cao Cao, who let bygones be bygones and was reused. Chen Lin's tomb is in Pixian County, Jiangsu Province. This poem was written in memory of Chen Lin's tomb. The whole poem runs through the contrast between the poet himself and Chen Lin in different times and under different circumstances, that is, the contrast between a tyrant without a master and a tyrant with a master, and the contrast between a historical masterpiece and a fallen sword, which is full of literary talent and profound sustenance. Where does the Gu Bei Pavilion at Nanxiangzi Dengkou go to China? Full of scenery, Gu Bei Building. Throughout the ages, many things have risen and fallen, leisurely and leisurely, and the endless Yangtze River is rolling. I was too young to stop fighting in the southeast. Who is the world hero? Cao Liu, have a baby like Sun Zhongmou. This "Nanxiangzi"? Ting Huai Jing Kou is a touching story of the joint resistance of Wu and Shu against Cao in the Three Kingdoms. Xin Qiji revisited his hometown and boarded the North Drum Tower, reminiscing about the joint resistance of Wu and Shu against Cao during the "Three Kingdoms" period, and cherishing the memory of Sun Quan, who dominated the party that year. How he hoped that the Southern Song Dynasty could repeat this period of history, rise up against the gold and recover the lost land in the north! However, the reality is difficult to realize, and he has only infinite regrets and regrets about life. Poetry expresses a feeling of depression and depression. Where can I find the Shuxiang Ancestral Temple in Shufu? It's in a deep pine forest near the Silk City. The steps are dotted with green grass in spring, and birds are chirping happily under the leaves. The third call aggravated his state affairs, and he gave his sincerity to two generations. But before he conquered, he died, and since then the heroes have been crying on their coats. The poet was deeply moved by Zhuge Liang's achievements and spirit. Praise Liu Bei's corporal Li Xian and Zhuge Liang's great talents, and the situation that the monarch and the minister are in harmony like a duck to water. In the last two sentences, the poet thought that Zhuge Liang had made many northern expeditions and restored the Han Dynasty, and he had a grand plan to unify China. Unfortunately, he was overworked and died in the army. The poet is full of sadness and regret. Therefore, this is not only an epic, but also an organic combination of historical praise and today's satire, singing people and writing themselves. Writing about Zhuge Liang's great talent is to hope that similar heroes will appear in the dynasty to pacify the world; Writing about Liu Bei's three visits to the cottage is an allegory that today's emperors are not suspicious and can't distinguish between black and white; Writing about Zhuge Liang's untimely death is to express his grief and indignation over his persistent ambition and life. Therefore, it is more meaningful and practical to chant epic poems. Since it is nostalgia for history, the unsatisfactory reality will inevitably make the poet moved, express the ups and downs of sadness, and express the deep feelings of thinking about the past alone. Expressing the sadness that things have changed, things have changed. This kind of poetry expresses the feelings of prosperity in the past and the decline of modern people, and implies dissatisfaction and even criticism of reality, borrowing from the past to satirize the present; Or worry about the country and the people, expose the fatuity and decay of the rulers, sympathize with the sufferings of the lower classes, and worry about the future and destiny of the country and the nation. Especially as the ancient capital of the Six Dynasties, Jinling, which was once prosperous for a while, has become a gathering place for ancient poets' feelings. I don't know how many people are nostalgic, and Jinling's nostalgia for the past has almost become a topic of poetry. The prosperity of the past has been in blowing in the wind, leaving only a desolate place, which makes people feel that things are wrong and things are wrong. For example, when Li Bai boarded the Phoenix Terrace in Nanjing, the Phoenix once played here, so this place was named after them, and now it has been abandoned by this desolate river. Martial arts flowers were laid on deserted paths, and the number of relatives and friends in the Jin Dynasty has become a famine. The mountains are shrouded in clouds, such as blue sky, and the river is divided into two. There is always a traitor in power, like covering the sky, and Chang' an is depressed when he can't see it. The flowers and plants in the palace of Wu have been buried in the lonely path; The aristocrats who were prominent in the Eastern Jin Dynasty have become a desolate tomb. For example, Liu Yuxi's "Wuyi Lane": wild grass flowers on Zhuque Bridge, and the sunset at Wuyi Lane. Swallows under the eaves of Wang Dao and Xie An have now flown into the homes of ordinary people. In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the Zhuque Bridge on Qinhuai River and Wuyi Lane on the south bank of Nanjing were prosperous, but now they are overgrown with weeds and desolate. Feel the vicissitudes of life, life is changeable. Arouse people's imagination with Yan Qi's lair, which contains but does not show; Painting the background with "wild flowers" and "sunset oblique" is beautiful but not vulgar. Although the language is extremely shallow, it is full of interest. Shi Buhua's Poem on Servant has three or four comments on this poem: "If you are a swallow, he will stay. Cover the swallow is still in this hall, and Xie Wang has dispersed and become an ordinary person. If you do this, you will feel infinite and your pen will be extremely curved. " This kind of poetry not only exposes the fatuity and decay of the rulers when they are worried about the country and the people, but also sympathizes with the sufferings of the lower class and worries about the future and destiny of the country and the nation. Recall that Wei Zhuang once visited Wuling Mountain, and midnight songs filled the autumn moon. In front of the tree, there is a light on the tree, such as day, and you can't forget the spring and autumn in the beauty group. The young man sitting in the seat is called Wuji, and the beautiful girl is called Mochow. Today is like a dream, and the sunset only sees water flowing eastward. [Note] [1] Childe of Xiyuan: Cao Weishi, Cao Pi and Cao Zhi once lived in Xiyuan, where they hosted a banquet for the scribes. [2] Mowgli: The name of Xin was the son of Wei in the Warring States Period. [3] Mochow: According to legend, it is the name of a girl who sings well in the south. The Yuefu poem Mochou Le says, "Where is Mochou? Mochou Shicheng West. " Shicheng is now Nanjing. (1) This poem skillfully uses allusions and puns. Taking necklace (five or six sentences) as an example, this paper briefly analyzes one of the techniques. The poet endowed Cao Pi and Xin, the commendable romantics in history, with the meaning of satirizing the luxurious life of Wang Sun in the late Tang Dynasty. The poet satirizes the flashy woman who doesn't understand the difficulty of state affairs with the name of the legendary girl who is good at singing, which deeply embodies the pain of "singing backyard flowers across the river" and is also an allusion. The poet does not take "unbridled" as his proper name, but takes its meaning of "unbridled" and "unbridled", which is a pun; The poet's use of the name "Mochow" to express his sadness is also a pun, intended to be ironic. The scenery in the past remains the same, but Zhu Yan has changed. Things are people, giving people a fantastic feeling and making people think calmly. For example, Liu Yuxi's "Stone City": the old country is surrounded by mountains, and the tide hits the empty city and returns to loneliness. On the east bank of Huaihe River, the ancient cold moon, midnight, peep at the old palace. The whole poem describes the scenery. The mountain is still there, the tide is still there and the moonlight is still there. What has changed is "old country", "empty city" and "old moon" The prosperity of the past is gone, and the tone of the whole poem is bleak. Every sentence is mixed with the poet's sense of oppression of the old country, which makes people sad. In Jinling, Weizhuang, it was raining and birds sang in the Six Dynasties. Ruthlessness is a willow in Taicheng, but it is still a smoke cage. This is a poem mourning the monuments of the Six Dynasties. The first sentence of the poem is about the rainy scene in Jinling, which exaggerates the atmosphere; Writing about the past of the Six Dynasties is like a dream, and Taicheng has long been ruined; Three or four sentences write that the scenery remains the same and the world has changed. Touching the scene, borrowing money from the scene, hurting the present. The language is implicit and the emotions are infinitely sentimental. Three rational reflections on the first two kinds of poems, in which the author expresses his feelings; In this way, the author jumped out and stood at the height of history, expressing his unique views on historical facts and enlightening the world. Most of these poems are the author's own real life feelings and unique life experiences while recalling the past and praising history, with a strong personal consciousness. 1. Use the past to satirize the present, there is no other hope: use the past to satirize the present, and advise today's people not to blindly pursue pleasure/excessive luxury/excessive force, so as not to repeat the historical mistakes (satirize the present with the past). For example, Wang Anshi's nostalgic poem "Guizhixiang" in Jinling: Boarding the boat to see off, the country is in late autumn and the weather is early. Thousands of miles are like a river, like clusters of Qingfeng. Sailing towards the sunset, leaning against the west wind and leaning against the wine flag. The colorful boat is cloudy, and the Milky Way heron rises, which is difficult to draw. Miss the past, compete for prosperity, sigh outside the door, sad and hateful. Throughout the ages, depending on the level, share weal and woe. The past of the Six Dynasties flows with the water, cold smoke and green grass. Today, business women still sing from time to time, leaving a legacy in the backyard. The first part begins with the word "wrong-headed", which shows the scenery in Late Autumn in My Country at different levels. In the following film, the phrase "reminiscing about the past and striving for strength" turns to nostalgia, lamenting that the Six Dynasties all fell one after another because of lack of happiness, and the last three sentences fall to "today", which means warning the world to hurt the times. In fact, it is a warning from history that the rulers of today's dynasties should not blindly covet enjoyment and repeat the mistakes of history. (2) or rational analysis, express their unique views on historical facts and enlighten the world. For example, Du Mu's "Red Cliff" in the Tang Dynasty: the halberd was broken and the sand iron was not sold, which was recognized by the previous dynasty. If the east wind is not convenient for Zhou Yu, I'm afraid the outcome will be Cao Cao's victory and Er Qiao's detention in Tongquetai. This poem changes the perspective and satirizes Zhou Yu's success. The first two sentences of the poem use things to inspire people and lament the deeds of the previous dynasty. The last two sentences say: Battle of Red Cliffs and Zhou Yu attacked by fire. Without the east wind, Wu Dong would have been destroyed, Er Qiao would have been captured, and history would have changed. The conception of the poem is extremely exquisite, and the discussion is novel and unique, not published by people. Contrary to the consensus argument, it is not unreasonable and refreshing. We might as well take Xiang Yu's two quatrains as an example to discuss in depth: Du Mu's Wujiang Pavilion won or lost unexpectedly, and Bao was a degrading person. There are many talented children in Jiangdong. Whether they will make a comeback is still unknown. Wang Anshi of Wujiang Pavilion mourned for the fatigue of a brave man, and it was difficult to recover from the great defeat of the Central Plains. Although the children of Jiangdong are here today, are they willing to make a comeback with the king? At the end of Qin Dynasty, Chu and Han contended, which ended in Xiang Yu's defeat in Wujiang River. Later generations always want to analyze the reasons for his failure through the dust of history and learn some historical lessons from it. From the perspective of a poet, Du Mu conceived from the perspective of failure, and pointed out that an excellent soldier should not be arrogant in victory, but should not be discouraged in defeat, especially when he was hit hard and was in a desperate situation. This is a real man. While expressing sympathy and regret for Xiang Yu's failure, Du Fu's poems satirized his stubbornness and lack of self-knowledge. What is particularly admirable is that the poet expressed a positive proposition with the title: perseverance can succeed. From the perspective of a politician and the situation at that time, Wang Anshi pointed out that Xiang Yu had lost his heart and there would be no hope of success. Firstly, it is pointed out that Xiang Yu's failure is a historical necessity. Three or four sentences pointed out with bitter rhetorical questions: Du Mu is too naive. Even if Xiang really returns to Jiangdong, are Jiangdong children willing to work for such an unpopular and stubborn person? "Make a comeback" is just an idiotic dream. Wang's poems are pungent and cold, and it is the key to success or failure to grasp the hearts of the people, which can be described as hitting the nail on the head. He mercilessly pointed out the most fundamental reason for Xiang Yu's failure, which was quite a politician's vision.