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Introduce Wei Yang and Shang Yang.
(390 ~ 338 BC), a politician in the mid-Warring States period. Born in the noble state of Wei, he was named Gongsun Yang, also known as Wei Yang. In 340 BC, due to his meritorious service to Qin, Qin Xiaogong was conferred the title of Weiyang in Shang Dynasty (now Shangzhou City, Shaanxi Province) 15, with the title of Shang Jun, also known as Shangyang. When he was young, he liked reading A Study of Criminal Names. By the time he was young, he had become a man of great learning. At first, he worked as a junior official under Sun Cuo, the prime minister of Wei Huiwang, and was valued by Sun Cuo. On his deathbed, Gongsun CuO said: If Wei Yang is not needed, kill him and never let him leave Wei. Wei Huiwang turned a deaf ear to Gongsun CuO's words, neither reusing nor killing. When Shang Yang heard that Qin Xiaogong ordered the recruitment of talents, he came to the State of Qin. He was introduced by Jing Jian, a close friend of Qin Xiaogong, and interviewed Qin Xiaogong three times. The first two were about the emperor Wang Zhidao, but Xiao Gong was not interested and fell asleep after listening to them. Talking about bullying for the third time, Qiang Bing, a rich country, is very happy to hear it. Since then, it has been appreciated and reused by Qin Xiaogong.
According to Li Jue's Fa Jing and Qin's reality, Shang Yang made a set of reform plans. It can be listed as 1 1 main item: father and son, brothers and sisters are not allowed to sleep on the same kang, but must live in separate rooms; Unified size, elevation, bucket, gold and beam throughout the country; Establish a local government system at the township and county levels, which is under the jurisdiction of the central government; Ten families form a group to encourage each other in production and supervision. One family broke the law and kept it from nine families. Idleness and idleness, including the children of noble and wealthy businessmen, will be sent to the frontier for reclamation; Invite immigrants to give preferential treatment, and do not collect land tax for nine years of reclamation; Increase the population and enrich the source of troops; Encourage production, especially those who plow and weave, and those who accumulate more grain are exempt from tax and labor; Two adult men in a family must be separated to increase production and population; Interpersonal disputes, resorting to courts, and prohibiting private duels; Fight against the enemy with beheading as a reward; You have to make great achievements to get promoted. Noble businessmen cannot be government officials without meritorious military service. The implementation of the new law met with great resistance. However, with the support of Qin Xiaogong, he defeated the resistance and destruction of the old forces and turned the poor State of Qin into one of the Seven Chivalrous Men who made the country rich and the people strong.
After the implementation of the political reform in Qin Dynasty, the soldiers strengthened Ma Zhuang and prepared to expand eastward. In 240 BC, Qi and Zhao jointly attacked Wei. Shang Yang thought it was now or never, so he led an army to attack Wei. Wei sent Yin Lingbing, the son of Wei, to fight against Qin. Shang Yang wrote to Yin to make peace and invited him to meet at the appointed place in Qin Jun, and he was convinced. On the way to the banquet, Qin laid an ambush and arrested Wei Gongzi. Qin Jun beat Wei Jun and won. After Shang Yang defeated Wei Jun, Qin Xiaogong gave him the land of Shang 15, hence the name Shang Jun. ..
Shang Yang's political reform has made great achievements. At the same time, he also had a lot of grievances because of suppressing the resistance of aristocratic forces. In addition, during Qin Xiaogong's serious illness, he mastered the military and political power of Qin State and acted arbitrarily, which intensified the power struggle within Qin State. According to "The Warring States Policy Qin Ce I", when Xiao Gong was seriously ill, he tried to give up the throne to Shang Yang, but Shang Yang did not accept it. At that time, even Shang Yang was afraid of himself, and he had to be protected by guards every time he went out. He died in 338 BC, and the Prince Shang succeeded to the throne, namely King Qin Huiwen. Gong Ziqian took the opportunity to falsely accuse Shang Yang of rebellion, and King Qin Huiwen ordered Shang Yang to be arrested. Shang Yang fled to Wei, and the people of Wei hated him deeply. He had nowhere to live in Wei, so he had to return to the fief mall. He organized a group of troops to resist Qin Jun, but they were outnumbered and captured by King Qin Huiwen. King Huiwen of Qin executed Shang Yang with the cruel criminal law of "car splitting". Although Shang Yang died, the reform of Qin did not stop, and the feudal system continued to develop and improve.
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