What does it take to be a landscape architect?

Professional Name: Landscape Architect

Occupation definition: Landscape architect is a professional designer who uses professional knowledge and skills to engage in landscape planning and design, landscaping planning and construction and outdoor space environment creation.

The main work includes: (1) landscape planning and design; (2) Landscape planning and construction; (3) Creation of outdoor space environment; (4) Protecting landscape resources.

Landscape architects can adapt to a wide range of employment fields and participate in the whole process of landscape construction. The specific positions are:

(1) design institutes, professional design workers and technical management workers.

(2) Professional educators in professional schools and universities.

(3) Landscape architects (teachers) are international vocational training and continuing education workers.

(4) public servants of the competent departments of the national government.

(5) Employees of environmental landscape construction management departments of enterprises and institutions.

(6) Environmental construction personnel of urban investment and real estate development companies.

(7) Garden construction and construction management workers in construction enterprises.

Interpreting the Orientation of Garden Landscape

Professor Yu, Dean of the Graduate School of Landscape Architecture, believes that China Garden is an excellent tradition of China, and we should cherish it and treat it well. However, garden is not the same as landscape design, but a concept under the background of urbanization in large space, in order to solve modern problems.

Ma said that landscape design is a grasp and control of the earth, ecology and history. China classical gardens should not be bound or put aside from landscape design, but should be viewed from the perspective of professional integration. Landscape designers need to have knowledge of design, planning and environment. When grasping the relationship among planning, architectural layout and landscape, we do modern China gardens. The garden is a huge treasure house.

Li Jianwei, CEO and chief designer of EDSA (Asia), said that in foreign countries, landscape design is a kind of vocational education, not a general theoretical research, unlike many researchers in other industries; But in China, there is more research and less practice. Li Jianwei believes that most of the people we train should do design, not research.

Professor Liu Binyi, Director of Landscape Department of School of Architecture and Urban Planning, believes that there are three major needs for landscape construction in China: resources, urbanization, recreation and tourism.

Liu Hui from the School of Architecture of Xi University of Architecture and Technology believes that earning a living, interests and responsibilities are equally important. Landscape architects should be able to combine the three.

Yao Yifeng, a professor in the Department of Urban and Resources of Nanjing University, said that the awareness of nature protection is more important than planning and design, especially in China. The waste of resources far exceeds the increase of population. The direction of sustainable development needs designers to pursue in design.

Pang Wei, a native landscape consultant co., Ltd., is puzzled by the phenomenon of sameness and serious plagiarism in landscape design. He advocates diversity and the design of dialect style. Landscape designers build a stage, and different stages are suitable for performing different plays. Their design is a beginning for people. People's activities are carried out in the place where they design, and the design should be diversified.

Chen, dean and chief designer of Yilan (Asia) Planning and Design Institute, said that Beijing is a city short of water, but when the heavy rain comes, all the water is drained away as soon as possible, without thinking about storing it. Why don't water-deficient cities keep water? This is related to landscape designers and involves rainwater management of the earth's landscape.

Cai Xiuqiong clearly divides garden design into two ends, one is the planning and design of ecological area, with the aim of effectively protecting the natural environment. At one end is the artificial landscape design in the city, which has strong plasticity and emphasizes style and charm. There are some projects in the middle. "No matter what kind of project, environmental protection should be the first, and then the shaping of cultural style." Cai Xiuqiong said. Cai Xiuqiong said that at present, most of the industry emphasizes the inheritance and development of traditional garden styles, but most of the traditional gardens that focus on the integration of man and nature serve a few people. Modern landscape design is more of a shared space, and the trend of internationalization is getting stronger and stronger. Therefore, the pursuit of style and charm should be based on scientific design. The scientificity and simplicity of design are common to some extent. Taking the landscape design of residential areas as an example, the most important thing is the comfort of living environment, and it is most important to pay full attention to the convenience of transportation and other functions. Complex design often brings obstacles to comfort. At the same time, the use of materials is also an important part of embodying science. Making full use of modern building materials and using local plant materials and materials as much as possible can not only ensure the reasonable and comfortable design, but also protect the environment. Cai Xiuqiong shows a more open attitude towards the present situation of landscape design industry in Chinese mainland. He believes that the landscape design industry is in a period of rapid development, and neither technology nor concept has yet been put in place. It is inevitable that there will be problems before entering maturity, which is also inevitable in the development process. It will take at least 20 years to reach maturity.

Professor Wang Xiaolu, chairman of Taiwan Province Landscape Architecture Society, defines the relationship between landscape design and traditional gardens in this way: China's garden thought includes the idea of harmony between man and nature and the world outlook of Yin and Yang, which also exists in landscape design. China gardens advocate the combination of nature and humanity, which is also necessary for landscape orientation. At least in my works, there are often ways to deal with China gardens, such as the treatment of space and elements. Landscape should also analyze and solve natural ecological problems such as wind, water and sunshine. Therefore, if we combine the ancestors' things with the modern landscape, it is very appropriate to make the past serve the present, and we should use the connotation of China gardens to strengthen our understanding of the landscape.

What is a good landscape?

Adjust measures to local conditions! Just match the project! As long as the community landscape meets the needs of residents' activities, fancy or even theme park-style community landscape should stop.

What qualities do landscape designers need?

So, what qualities should a landscape architect have? A student asked the designer present: "What qualities do you like best about us when recruiting? What can impress you about us?"

Chen replied, diligent and studious. He said that students' professional background and graduation school are the second, and he values diligence most.

Pang Wei replied, cooperative consciousness, "As long as you are willing to learn and cooperate, you can come to our company."

Li Jianwei said that a qualified landscape architect must first have his own ideas; Secondly, we should have a rich and reasonable knowledge structure. Landscape ecology has been paid more and more attention by countries all over the world, and landscape ecology education is very important. Everyone should spend time reading some books on landscape ecology. Thirdly, we should have passion for work, which is hard but exciting, and designers should actively face difficulties; Fourth, you should have the ability to communicate and express your thoughts. Only by going out can we become an independent and thoughtful landscape designer.

He realized that there are two most important things in landscape design: one is communication, and the other is how to develop ideas. Li Jianwei said that the traditional education in China tells us that people should keep their secrets, have inner beauty and not be too ostentatious. But these are not suitable for the work of landscape designers. American education told him that the landscape major is essentially a communication major. What kind of ideas you have and what kind of design you want to do must be expressed through your language and drawings to convince others that your things are the best. "Take out as much as you can, because people belong to society. Only by taking out these things and giving them to society can you realize your own value. It doesn't mean how much you have in your stomach, it means how many skills you have. You must take them out and use them to really prove your skills and strength. In the landscape design industry, if you don't have good communication skills, many things can't be realized in your stomach. "

Another thing Li Jianwei learned in the United States is how to develop his own ideas. Landscape designers must have their own ideas, otherwise they will always copy other people's things. The most important thing in landscape design is how to make your creativity valuable. If you have an idea, you must realize its value. The greater the value, the better. Studying in the United States and doing landscape design in the company, there will always be people asking you why you do this. Because every step and every treatment of landscape design must have its purpose, strengthen your concept and sublimate your understanding.

How much knowledge does a landscape architect need?

Landscape architecture is a marginal, interdisciplinary and comprehensive discipline based on multi-disciplines. So how many subjects do you need to master to become a qualified landscape architect? Professor Ivan Mallus, a famous European landscape planning educator, believes that landscape planners should master the knowledge and information about the subject development, that is to say, they don't need to master the most abundant knowledge of the subject, but they must know what stage the subject has developed. For example, a landscape planner must know the development stages of ecology and soil science, but he may not know the specific knowledge of soil science. Landscape planners must also have two irreplaceable professional knowledge, one is visual analysis, what is beauty? What is beauty? This is the inevitable factor that landscape planners are considered the strongest by the public; The second is the research on the cultural value of regional landscape, which should be irreplaceable by landscape planners and must be mastered. For knowledge in other fields, landscape designers can find experts in other fields to complete the planning. Of course, when he brought other knowledge and invited other experts, he did not simply piece it together, but re-integrated and evaluated it for his own landscape planning. This is the job of a landscape planner.

Require knowledge diversification

Because landscape design has high aesthetic requirements for the overall environment, practitioners should be good at plant landscaping, have in-depth research on plants in the north and south, and have high attainments in plant configuration; The work of a landscape architect is very specific. What kind of effect each tree has on the whole environment should be grasped personally, as well as the ability of hand-drawing or software drawing, including skilled use of auxiliary software such as CAD, PHOTOSHOP and 3DMAX. To have innovative ability, landscape designers need to be active in thinking, broad in vision, imaginative and innovative, full of interest and aesthetic awareness, and be able to put forward reasonable suggestions on greening work; We should also have the ability of coordination and communication, because landscape design needs a team to complete together, which requires designers to be good at learning and accumulating in the process of work, to have a sense of responsibility and teamwork spirit, to have the ability of communication and coordination, and to be able to formulate landscaping work objectives and prepare construction organization plans in time.

process

Miss Jin from Beijing Institute of Native Landscape Planning and Design told the reporter: "I think landscape design is a process of creating beauty. Finding problems in a project and finally solving them is the greatest pleasure. Through our design, the whole environment looks harmonious and comfortable, so that my work has not been in vain. The longer I work in design, the more I feel the need to supplement my various abilities. Then, we should start from the needs of Party A, and then explore the design inspiration. This job is still very fulfilling. "

Teacher Jia from Beijing Local Landscape Planning and Design Institute analyzed the profession of landscape design from another angle: "For me, landscape design is to give a piece of land a new life. Analyze what the characteristics of the land can bring to people and show the most natural expression of each project to people. It is very exciting to integrate your inner thoughts and understanding of the environment into the project through design, and realize your own design concept while pursuing the balance of interests between developers and consumers. "

direction

The importance of design direction has always been emphasized by Chen Wei: the direction must be based on rational analysis, and you can't just think about it. If the direction is wrong, the mistake will be big, which determines the success or failure of the project. "Our landscape design has a certain gap with Europe, America and Japan, which is related to the overall industrial level and people's quality. At this time, it is especially necessary to design in the right direction. The construction can be rougher and the materials can be worse, but the direction is wrong. This is a big problem. " When the direction cannot be reversed, the mistake is too big. Different scales of landscape design need different ideas. Nathan Chen's understanding of landscape design through years of practice is: small-scale landscape design, something more personal; But large-scale landscape design needs a more rational thinking mode. This is still a question of direction. "The direction is right, the details can be adjusted again, as long as it does not affect the big picture."

suggestion

Ma Xiao Wei gave advice in poetic language: "Don't expect to find a standard definition, standard answer or Bible about landscape design." Ask yourself, what's your interest? Think about the past year, which day and which moment, which scenes or scenery were deeply moved, think about where your love is, and then go on without hesitation.

Professor Yu, who is both an educator and a famous landscape designer, has given mixed judgments on the present situation of landscape design in China, and the landscape design talents are also polarized: the demand for high-end talents is in short supply, and there are countless homogenization personnel. An excellent landscape architect not only needs to master urban planning, ecology, environmental art, architecture, landscape engineering, botany, but also needs to dabble in human psychology, social science and other comprehensive knowledge.

The landscape design industry has unlimited scenery. Can a landscape architect "view" the landscape? At least one thing is certain: if the construction of landscape design talents lacks advanced resources and rich background, even if there are a large number of names and concepts at one time, it is always inevitable.

prospect

What will the landscape design look like in 50 years? Professor Perry Howard, the new chairman of ASLA (American Society of Landscape Architects), described in the keynote report entitled "Creating the Future Landscape Design Discipline from a Global Perspective" that with the help of scientists and other related disciplines, landscape designers can solve the problems of land and water, and the green space system and water system of both old and new cities can be realized. We should find ways to harness diversity and make it the main body of the Millennium ecosystem restoration, so that by that time, unprecedented landscape art will appear.

A person's position

In the landscape industry, my more suitable direction is that landscape draftsmen, renderers, landscaping designers, planting designers and scheme designers are not suitable for working as construction drawing designers, and they are not careful enough to grasp the details, but they have a better grasp of the overall situation.