Yonghe Bridge, Zhejiang, Yonghe Bridge

Yonghe Bridge is located in Anren Town, Longquan City, Zhejiang Province, across Xixi. This is a cantilever covered bridge with wood and stone structure. It was built in Chenghua period of Ming Dynasty (1465- 1487). It was destroyed by fire in the early Qing Dynasty, and was rebuilt in the fifty-seventh year of Kangxi (17 19), and has been repaired many times since then. The bridge has five piers and four holes, with a total length of about 125m and a width of 7m. The pier is paved with strips of stone, and several layers of cantilever wood are placed on the pier to form a cantilever structure, and then wooden beams are erected to lay the bridge deck. There are 44 eaves gallery houses on the bridge, and there are railings around the bridge. It shows the intelligence and wisdom of the working people of ancient Han nationality and the brilliant achievements of ancient bridge construction.

Yonghe Bridge is in Xiangbian Village, Anren Town. Originally known as Yongning Bridge, Yongning was destroyed by fire during the reign of Shunzhi in Qing Dynasty. It was rebuilt in the fifty-seventh year of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (17 18) and renamed Yonghe Bridge. Three piers and four holes, wooden cantilever. Wood and stone structure. East-west strike, length 125.7, width 6.40-7.50m, elevation 13m. The stone staggered flat pier has a total width of 2.80 meters, and there are fenshui geese wings in the south. The wooden beams on the pier are displayed in a two-way balanced way, extending step by step and laying the bridge deck vertically. There are 42 verandahs and double eaves on the bridge. Beware of the roof rising. If you rest at the top of the mountain, the wing angle will rise. 199 1- 1999 was repaired and reinforced for many times. Zhejiang Longquan Yonghe Bridge

Yonghe Bridge (provincial cultural relics protection unit)

Year: Qing Dynasty

Published at:1989 65438+February 65438+February 2, Yonghe Bridge, located in Anren Town, Dongdaemun, Longquan City, 95 kilometers away from Lipu Line, it was originally the only surviving ancient bridge building of Jichuan and Longqing bridges.

Yonghe Bridge has exquisite craftsmanship and originality, which has certain scientific research value. The whole bridge is125.7m long and 7.5m wide (to eaves water; Longquan county annals (1994 edition) is 6.4 meters, which is the width of the pavilion in the bridge; The traffic record of Longquan county (1993 edition) is 5.55 meters, which is the inner width. ), height 13m, 2 piers, 3 piers and 4 holes, also known as "5 piers and 4 holes". This bridge is different. First, complete five piers, and build two bridge heads (platforms) next to the original two piers. The net span (from east to west) is14.3+18.4+17.1+16.9 meters. It is a wood-stone structure, simply supported cantilever combination. The piers and abutments were built by Shi Gan, and there were seven layers of vertically and horizontally overlapping wood at the top, which were picked out layer by layer to form a cantilever. The bridge span is made of giant pine, with a middle diameter of 40-60 cm and a length similar to that of the clear span, with 9 pieces per hole and a hardwood deck. There are 42 bridge buildings in the whole bridge, including bridge pavilions (65,438+05 in the east and 26 in the west), and there are 65,438+0 four-story seven-eaved arch bridges at both ends, with overlapping arches, cornices everywhere and double eaves. There are windows between cornices and weatherboards, sparrows between beams and columns, and benches on both sides for pedestrians to rest and watch. There are stone steps at both ends of the bridge, 26 in the east and 27 in the west, connecting the upper and lower blocks. Yonghe Bridge plaque is hung on the East-West Bridge. The original plaque was bombed during the Cultural Revolution, and now it is the book of Wang Jiying, the former director of the provincial museum. The whole bridge is very spectacular. 1984 provincial highway 53 was rerouted to Anren, and a new highway bridge Anren Bridge (Jin Yilin Tree) was built 80 meters downstream of Yonghe Bridge. The juxtaposition of the two bridges is even more spectacular.

Yonghe Bridge is one of the long-span ancient bridges with a long history, exquisite architecture and well-preserved. In July, 198 1 was listed as a county key cultural relics protection unit, and in February,1989,65438 was approved by the provincial people's government and announced as a provincial cultural relics protection unit. Yonghe Bridge was built in Chenghua period of Ming Dynasty (1465- 1487), formerly known as Yongning Bridge. It was built by Liu Yanghuai and Xiang Shungong, and was destroyed by fire during the Qing Shunzhi period. In the fifty-seventh year of Kangxi (17 18), Liu Can and Xiang Gao proposed to raise 3,000 yuan for reconstruction and rename it "Yonghe Bridge". According to legend, at the beginning of the bridge construction, local villages such as Xixi, Liu Fang and Huangshixuan (Donghu) had different opinions on the bridge site. Huang Shixuan thought that it was built at the entrance of Anren Village, and two mountains in the east of the river were connected with Long Mai, which blocked the "Feng Shui" and made the village prosperous and get ahead. Liuxiangfang should build the existing site across Anren River to make it a thoroughfare, which is convenient for life and economic development. Arguing endlessly. What Huang won't do in anger. After the completion of the bridge, it was named "Yong 'an Bridge". 198 1 year, a bridge monument with a length of 1.2 m, a height of 0.53 m and a thickness of 0. 1 m was found under Xiqiaotou Road, and it is now stored in the west of Yu Yonghe Bridge. Marry a woman from Huangshixuan Village, and don't cross the Bride Bridge. Huangshixuan Village built a new bridge at the exit of Dongfang Xiankeng in the village, with a length of17.5m and a height of 9.2m, with a single hole and six corridors, and a wood and stone structure. Liu Fang married Xiangbian Village, and the bride was not allowed to cross the new bridge in Huangshixuan Village. (1984) After the opening of provincial highway 53 in Anren, the bridge was close to the highway, losing the position of the east gate of Longquan City leading to Yunhe County and other places, and the buildings in the corridor collapsed obliquely, resulting in a single-hole stone arch bridge. For this reason, many times, happy events are not satisfactory. During the reconstruction, Longquan county magistrate intervened, and Sancun put unity and reconciliation first, * * * raised funds for reconstruction, so it was renamed as "Yonghe Bridge". Marry a woman without embarrassment. In the fifth year of Xianfeng in Qing Dynasty (1855), two piers were destroyed by floods and rebuilt in six years. In the 16th year of Guangxu (1889), two stone piers were destroyed by floods, which were repaired by residents and rebuilt by Liu. It cost more than 1000 yuan and was completed in one year. In the third year of Xuantong (19 1 1), flash floods broke out, and Pier 2 was washed away again, and it was rebuilt and strengthened the following year. In the third year of the Republic of China (19 14), it was built at the expense of Yang Yuqi, a magistrate of a county. After liberation, the people's government allocated funds for maintenance many times. In the first year of the Republic of China (19 12), the plaque in Yonghe Bridge, Longquan, Zhejiang Province, was destroyed by the flood (the bridge pavilion reached the Xitou approach bridge) and was restored in the fourth year of the Republic of China. Three statues were rebuilt in the Buddha Pavilion, in which Guan Gong (the god of bridge protection) sat, and Guan Ping and Zhou Cang stood on both sides respectively; The front yard of the counter is engraved with 1 Kuixing, which is more than two feet high. He is a "golden rooster" with a lot of money in his hand. At the western end of the bridge, there are Dragon Mother Fairy and Guanyin Buddha Pavilion, which have been demolished.

There are many stories, touching scenes and descriptions about this bridge in Yonghe Bridge. There is a folk story "Yonghe Bridge" (Longquan county annals, 1994 edition, pp. 660-662); From the broken stone fence to Anren, there is a group of stone bearers four miles long. The notice of recruiting talents was issued, and Hercules from all walks of life came to Anren to carry bridge seedlings; Mobilize the people to make great efforts, have money to pay, and trees grow from trees. It is still circulating in Daegu. "Next door, Lin cut the bridge seedlings and transported them to Anren to build a bridge. The bridge was originally built by Liu Xiang, and a slate (a stone is laid in the center of the field) is the bridge. " Liu Ducai, a villager, praised, "The sails in the middle flow, and the forests on both sides of the strait are sparse, painting in late autumn. The cross locks the rainbow and divides the jade mirror. Zhong Ling is not in Guchazhou. "

There are fence doors at both ends of the bridge. In order to reduce the vibration of the bridge, the gate is closed and people and animals on the bridge are not allowed to pass. This gate was damaged when the Kuomintang army was building fortifications on the bridge during the battle with the Red Army in 1935. This door was rebuilt in August 2002.

Yonghe Bridge has always been an important channel for businessmen from counties in Longquan, Yunnan (and). Although new roads and bridges have been built, Yonghe Bridge is still a passage for local people and a unique place for people to rest and watch after work. Anren Town is one of the 0/00 tourist towns in Zhejiang Province, including Yonghe Bridge, Tianping Mountain, ancient kiln site and Gongxian Lake, and it is an important tourist attraction. 1984 Zhejiang TV station photographed the majestic appearance of the ancient bridge and listed it as a scene of the Oujiang River. Yonghe Bridge is also the crystallization of wisdom created by the working people of ancient Han nationality, which has high scientific research value in the history of bridges.

Yonghe Bridge suffered a lot during the Cultural Revolution and was black and blue all over. The plaques at both ends of Yonghe Bridge were bombed; Nearly 80 bridge stools built a platform to criticize the establishment, and never came back every time they went; Lights and wires are gone; Poster mottled old marks; There are many leaks in the gallery; The water is crumbling; Sundry stakes at both ends of the bridge; The only "witness" of Yonghe Bridge's history-the inscription was put into the "water dungeon". These have seriously damaged the landscape and endangered the safety of the ancient bridge. In this regard, leaders at all levels attach great importance to it and are very anxious, saying that they should find ways to rectify and maintain it.

1June, 978, a propaganda position was set up on the bridge to introduce the history, function and cultural relic value of Yonghe Bridge. Also organized personnel to write articles about Yonghe Bridge and Yonghe Bridge folk stories, which were published in books and periodicals such as Cultural Life and Longquan County Folk Stories. Later, Yonghe Bridge's Poems, past lives in Yonghe Bridge, Scenery in Yonghe Bridge, TV in Yonghe Bridge, Long Live Yonghe Bridge, Anren's Visit to Yonghe Bridge and other literature and history materials were published in county books and periodicals. 1September, 1979, two more plaques of Yonghe Bridge were made and hung on two bridges. These propaganda work has brought vitality to Yonghe Bridge and established its historical image in people's minds. As a result, everyone began to look at this ancient bridge with new eyes, some to sketch, some to take pictures as a souvenir, and an endless stream. Leaders and the masses also took action and actively participated in bridge protection activities. Anren Town Government issued several notices on May 12, September 28 198 1 day and February 1 day, ordering farmers to clear all sundries and trees piled up inside and outside the bridge. Please take good care of the one-tile-one-wood Yi Deng-one (electric) line of the bridge. Pay special attention to smokers and throw cigarette butts outside the bridge to the downwind. On May 1980, 10,1,12, more than 800 primary and secondary school teachers and students in the whole district took washbasin brooms to clean up the slogans and rubbish left over from the Cultural Revolution on the bridge. On May 12, employees of Sanfang Power Plant also volunteered to refit electric lights for the bridge. In order to repair the leaking board, we used the limited funds raised to go to Xiacun, Hu Jian, mobilize the masses to pay for the bridge repair, buy wood at a price of tens of yuan per cubic meter, and go up the mountain with the villagers to find large and straight materials to measure and cut them one by one, thus ensuring the need for emergency repair. While doing a good job in publicizing and caring for the facilities on the bridge, we also marked the bottom of each bridge stool and sprayed the eight characters "It is everyone's responsibility to protect cultural relics". More than 20 years have passed, which proves the people's concern and love for cultural relics, and has never lost or damaged facilities such as bridge stools and electric lights.

Yonghe Bridge's original epitaph has important historical value, and it was removed as the "Four Old" during the Cultural Revolution. Many knowledgeable people are very concerned about the whereabouts of this monument and are eager to find it and set it up again. We inquired about this for many years, and later learned that it was moved to the turbine of Qiaotou Power Plant as a stepping stone during the Cultural Revolution. But the exact location is not clear, so it cannot be taken out. Through interviews with nearly 100 people, it was finally determined that the inscription was on the lowest floor of the steam turbine room. With the support of the Party branch, the village committee and the masses in Xiangbian Village, after several days of hard work, we dug up the ground, hoisted five stone slabs weighing several hundred kilograms with a gourd, and finally saw the epitaph buried in the water. But the periphery of the epitaph has been poured with concrete, and people can't stand under the turbine room. It's difficult to take out the epitaph of Taihu Stone with several hundred catties completely. If you dig a hole, the computer room above may collapse. 1on the afternoon of October 24th, 1986 165438+ This monument of "Yonghe Bridge" with a height of 160 cm, a width of 8 1 cm and a thickness of 8 cm was excavated from under the reinforced concrete, so that the "Story" buried underwater for 20 years was excavated. Yonghe Bridge has experienced ups and downs for more than 500 years. With the growth of age, it reflects its research value. It has been listed as a provincial (1989 65438+February) and municipal (19865438+July 0) key cultural relics protection unit. It is "sickly", which shows that leaders and people at all levels cherish it. In the 50 years after liberation, it has experienced many disasters and tests. 1964, Longquan county people's government allocated funds, and Anren Handicraft Association was responsible for reinforcing two iron hoops and a water separator with triangle iron on pier 4 of Xitou. 1963, almost all rafters, beams, weatherboards and tiles on the roof of Dongtou Half Bridge were rebuilt, and all bridge stools were completed.

Some minor repairs were carried out in March 1983 and July 1984. Install electric lights, replace some bridge boards and wind and rain boards, and make some bridge stools.

From 1979 to 1980, there were three fires before and after because of damage and decay. At noon one day in June, students from Anren Middle School took a bath under the bridge and found a fire at Pier 4. Once again, a madman drilled and burned on the pier; The third time it was burned under Xitou Bridge. The smoke on the bridge was so thick that people couldn't walk. In these fires, the teachers and students of Anren Middle School played the main role. They were organized and each took a washbasin to fight with the people.

1983 flood washed out a large cave of 4 1.8m ~ 2 on the side of East Pier 2, which was caused by the road changing its route and moving to Xitan (middle school playground) under the bridge. May repair 1984.

Yonghe Bridge Bridge Head Scenery in Longquan, Zhejiang Province

In August 1983, 1 1, Anren District Office issued the document 16, Notice on No Rubbing in Yonghe Bridge Foundation. 1988 On July 5th, at 2: 30-8 pm, a tornado came to Anren with hail, and the middle corners (southeast and northwest) of Yonghe Bridge were scraped off, the rafters broke, tiles flew, and the water leakage of the bridge roof became more serious. Anren suddenly turned into a street full of rubble. * * * The economic loss is 453,000 yuan. On August 30th of that year, Anren District Office wrote a Report on Requesting Funds to Repair Yonghe Bridge. 165438+1On October 22nd, six people, including Zhao, the county magistrate of Longquan, and the leaders of Urban Construction Bureau, came to Yonghe Bridge to inspect the damage, and decided that due to limited financial resources, they could only spend 3,000 yuan from the construction of market towns to solve the water leakage problem.

This time, the top edge leaf shilong is responsible for the repair, and there is something wrong with the corner repair. To restore ancient buildings, we must "repair the old as the old." The original corner is made of ceramic tiles, which has an artistic sense of bending and a feeling of "auspicious clouds flying". It's harder to recover in the original way. I thought about using cement, drawing two good angles of view with cardboard, measuring the inclination angle, making a mold according to the pattern, and pouring steel reinforced concrete to enhance the firmness. This looks very realistic from a distance. This time, we will redo four corners.

1On August 20th, 990, the precipitation in Anren area 145 mm, and the river surged. At 9:30 pm, the head of Liu Fang village was flooded and the dam collapsed. The water retaining slope of Yonghe Bridge was washed away 1000 square meters, and the washed away parts were all around the pier. The leaders of the county transportation bureau went to the scene to put forward the emergency safeguard measures, and allocated 1 100 yuan for emergency, which has been 10, and has come to an end temporarily.

Zhejiang Longquan Yonghe Bridge Style

199 1 year1-On May 2nd, the engineering team of the transportation bureau was responsible for the restoration and reinforcement of the water retaining slope around Pier 4 in Xitou, and the county transportation bureau allocated more than 48,000 yuan. This time, the stone was not repaired with pebbles, but with stones, which were too tender; Reinforce unused shell plates and steel bars around piers. Therefore, there are still serious security risks in the wharf. 1986 12/22, Yonghe Bridge lighting is connected to the power grid. Due to the high voltage in the middle of the night, the light bulb burned badly. 1April, 1992, Anren Forestry Station invested 100 yuan to connect every two lamps in series to prolong the life of light bulbs. After the transformation of 200 1 power grid, the voltage is stable and it runs in parallel.

199210 June 15-22, Lishui Ancient Architecture Surveying and Mapping Seminar was held in Anren, Yonghe Bridge. It provides a scientific basis for future maintenance.

1February 99313rd, the plaque "Yonghe Bridge" inscribed by Wang Jiying, director of the provincial museum, was hung at the bridgehead of Yonghe Bridge.

1From July 8 to September 20, 993, the arch and carved parts of two bridge heads were repaired.

1On August 22nd, 1994, affected by typhoon 17, the flood hit Yonghe Bridge again at 2:30 in the morning, destroying all the trees that had been repaired and supported by single bent frames, thus destroying this project which cost more than 10,000 yuan and used more than 100 migrant workers. It is very dangerous to tilt the dangerous bridge, and the town government telegraphed in an emergency.

Longquan Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government quickly took measures to coordinate relevant departments and engineers and technicians to visit the site and formulate emergency repair measures. On June 2 1, Lu Songting, Secretary-General of the provincial government, and Xu Peijin, Commissioner of the Administrative Office visited Xiaxitan, Yonghe Bridge, put forward emergency measures and instructed to start work immediately tomorrow. I went to the scene again on the 22nd and asked for quick repair. People have heard and witnessed several fires and floods in Yonghe Bridge, which is a test of people's hearts. They are more aware that Yonghe Bridge must be repaired to make it more indestructible.