Introduce Xuzhou

Xuzhou, called Pengcheng in ancient times, is one of Kyushu in China. Xuzhou is located at the junction of north and south. It is the key to the north and the gateway to the south. It has always been a battleground for military strategists. It has a long culture and is a famous hometown of emperors. There were 1 1 Xuzhou emperors in history. Xuzhou is an important transportation hub, energy base and industrial base in China, and also a production base of construction machinery in China. Xuzhou is the largest city in northern Jiangsu, one of the three metropolitan areas and four megacities planned and constructed by Jiangsu Province, one of the five central cities in China section of the New Eurasian Continental Bridge, and the central city of Huaihai Economic Zone. "East of the Yellow Sea, west of the Central Plains, south of Jianghuai, north of Qilu", the unique geographical location makes Xuzhou known as the "thoroughfare of five provinces". Beijing-shanghai railway and Longhai Railway meet here, and the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal runs through the north and south of Xuzhou and faces Weishan Lake in the north. Roads extend in all directions, connecting Beijing and Tianjin in the north, Shanghai and Nanjing in the south, Lan Xin in the west and the seashore in the east. It is an important land and water transportation hub of the country and an important "crossroads" for economic ties between East, West and North.

City business card

★ China's historical and cultural city

★ Excellent tourist city in China

★ China Brand Economy City

★ Top 100 cities with investment environment in China.

★ Top Ten Cities for Afforestation and Greening in China

★ National advanced city prospering through science and education

★ Top 50 financial and ecological cities in China

★ National advanced cities for voluntary blood donation

★ National environmental protection model city

★ National Garden City

★ China Famous Calligraphy City

★ National Double Support Model City

★ Best investment city for Zhejiang businessmen (outside the province)

★ One of the five central cities in China section of the New Eurasian Continental Bridge.

★ One of the four mega-cities planned and constructed in Jiangsu Province and the core cities of the three metropolitan areas.

History and culture of Han dynasty

Xuzhou, the hometown of Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang, is also the place where he made his fortune. After Xiang Yu named Liu Bang as Hanwang in April 206 BC, after more than four years of Chu-Han War, Liu Bang held an emperor ceremony in Dingtao in June/kloc-0 BC and moved the capital to Chang 'an. At this time, the powerful Han Dynasty and the Western Roman Empire echoed each other and became the most powerful empire in the world at that time.

During the four hundred years of the Han Dynasty, there were thirteen kings of Chu and five kings of Pengcheng in Xuzhou, and there should be eighteen tombs. In fact, it's not only that. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, a Xiapi kingdom was enfeoffed in the present administrative area of Xuzhou, and four Xiapi kings were successively handed over. The tombs of these kings are gorgeous like underground palaces, and the treasures that the kings liked before their death and the savings of the state treasury are all in the graves. The tombs of han group in Xuzhou constitute one of the "three wonders" of Xuzhou's Han culture.

Eighteen Han tombs in Xuzhou have been excavated, including the second generation Chu tombs in Beidongshan, the third generation Chu tombs in Lion Mountain, the fourth (fifth) generation Chu tombs in Tolanshan, the sixth generation Chu tombs in Guishan, the eighth generation Chu tombs in Dongdongshan and the Pengcheng tomb in Tushan Eastern Han Dynasty. The most representative Chu tombs in Xuzhou in the Western Han Dynasty are those in Beidongshan, Guishan and Shizishan. Take "fine", "strange" and "heroic" as the guide. Known as one of the three wonders of Xuzhou culture, the Lion Mountain Terracotta Warriors and Horses are not only numerous, but also varied, showing rich contents: more than ten kinds of official figures with sleeves, guards wearing weapons, braided figures with long instruments, pedal combat boots, military figures with crossbows and bows, etc. The Terracotta Warriors and Horses in Lion Mountain are not only the artistic treasures of the Han Dynasty, but also the historical testimony of Xuzhou as a military center. It is of great value not only to the study of sculpture art in Han Dynasty, but also to the study of social life, funeral system and military system in Han Dynasty.

Cliff-cave tombs were popular in Xuzhou during the Western Han Dynasty, but in the Eastern Han Dynasty, the shape of tombs changed and stone tombs prevailed in the Han Dynasty. Han Dynasty stone reliefs are murals carved by Han people in graves and auditoriums. Stone reliefs in the Han Dynasty occupy an important position in the art history of China. Xuzhou is one of the concentrated distribution places of Han Dynasty stone reliefs in China. At present, there are more than 700 Han Dynasty stone reliefs unearthed in Xuzhou, and there are more than 500 Han Dynasty stone reliefs in Xuzhou Han Dynasty Stone Art Museum. Han Xu Stone Relief, Suzhou Garden and Nanjing Six Dynasties Mausoleum are also called "Three Treasures of Jiangsu Cultural Relics". Besides Han tombs, Han figurines and Han paintings, the cultural relics of the Han Dynasty in Xuzhou are also unique and eye-catching in China Han culture. More than 220 pieces of colored sculptures were unearthed from the Chu tomb in Beidongshan; Armor, jade coffin and jade leopard unearthed from the Chu tomb in Lion Mountain; Crystal belt fish unearthed from the tomb of Chu king in Xiaoguishan, Liu's silver note, and silver jade clothes unearthed from the tomb of Han dynasty in volcano; Gold-plated animal-shaped inkstone unearthed from the Han tomb in Tu Shan; Precious cultural relics such as bronze bull lanterns unearthed from the Han tomb in Liulou, Suining are all national treasures.

There are many historical sites in the cultural landscape of the Han Dynasty in Xuzhou, such as the circus stage, the Sishui Pavilion, the Bawang Building, the Gefengtai, the sword-drawing spring, the ovary temple and the tomb. Every scenic spot has a touching historical story, which reminds people of the smoke and clouds of the Chu-Han war. The autumn wind on the high platform of the circus shows you the overlord glory of Chu overlord Xiang Yu, who "pulls out the mountain and breathes the world"; The ancient monument of the Great Wind Song on Gefengtai allows you to appreciate the eternal swan song "The wind blows and clouds fly" by Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang. The morning bell and dusk drum in the Zifang Temple will remind you of the legend of "Sean playing the flute to disperse Chu soldiers". All these add a bit of mystery to the Chinese culture in Xuzhou. A historian said at the seminar on China's famous historical and cultural cities: "A city like Xuzhou is unique among the famous historical cities in China. It has gathered such rich Chinese cultural content."

"Looking at Xuzhou from the culture of Han Dynasty" is worthy of the name.

Cultural landscape of Han dynasty

Representative scenic spots/areas: Scenic spots include: Xuzhou Han Dynasty Stone Relief Museum Xinghua Temple Xuzhou Qianlong Palace Li Keran Former Residence Art Museum Xuzhou Folk Museum Yellow River Old Road Xuzhou Han Dynasty Stone Bed He Fangting Wang Mu Tomb Hubushan Ancient Residence Yanzilou Park Malingshan Scenic Area Observation Platform Pengyuan CCTV Exterior Base Yunlong Park Tushan Tomb Fan Zeng Tomb Lion Mountain Chu Wang Mausoleum Han Terracotta Warriors Museum Jiulishan Ancient Battlefield Theater Xuzhou Museum Han Dynasty Stone Relief Museum.

"Qin Tang see Ann, Ming and Qing dynasties to see Beijing, the han dynasty to see xuzhou. "During the four hundred years of the Han Dynasty, there were 13 kings of Chu and five kings of Peng Cheng in Xuzhou. There are many Han tombs around this city. More than 200 Han tombs have been unearthed, all of which are tombs of princes and national interests in the Han Dynasty. The rich and precious cultural heritage of the Han Dynasty is rare in China. Han tombs with different structures, lifelike stone reliefs and lifelike terracotta warriors and horses are also called "the three wonders of the Han Dynasty". From 65438 to 0995, the excavation of the Tomb of the King of Chu in Lion Mountain was rated as one of the top ten new archaeological discoveries in China and one of the top 100 new archaeological discoveries in China in the 20th century. The jade coffins and clothes unearthed in the tomb are rare treasures in the world and breathtaking. Han cultural sites here can also be seen everywhere. The tombs of Liu Jiao, Liu Zhu, Liu Yong, and Liu Yanshou, the kings of Guishan and Woniushan in the Western Han Dynasty, all built underground palaces with mountains as their tombs, forming huge underground palaces. Besides the ancestral grave of Emperor Han Xian in Fengxian County, there are also Zhangliangni Bridge, Zifangshan Book Collection Office, Xiang Yu Horse Stage, Fan Zeng Tomb, Liu Bangjian Spring, Sishui Pavilion, etc. And there are countless Han cultural relics.

1) "Three Unique" Han Tomb

Eighteen Han tombs in Xuzhou have been excavated, including the second generation Chu tombs in Beidongshan, the third generation Chu tombs in Lion Mountain, the fourth (fifth) generation Chu tombs in Tolanshan, the sixth generation Chu tombs in Guishan, the eighth generation Chu tombs in Dongdongshan and the Pengcheng tomb in Tushan Eastern Han Dynasty. The most representative Chu tombs of the Western Han Dynasty in Xuzhou are the Chu tombs of Beidongshan, Guishan and Shizishan. Take "fine", "strange" and "heroic" as the guide. More than 220 pieces of colored sculptures were unearthed from the Chu tomb in Beidongshan; Armor, jade coffin and jade leopard unearthed from the Chu tomb in Lion Mountain; Crystal belt fish unearthed from the tomb of Chu king in Xiaoguishan, silver seal injected by Liu, and silver jade clothes unearthed from the tomb of Han dynasty in volcano; Gold-plated animal-shaped inkstone unearthed from the Han tomb in Tu Shan; Precious cultural relics such as bronze bull lanterns unearthed from the Han tomb in Liulou, Suining are all national treasures.

2) "Three Wonders" Terracotta Warriors and Horses

The Terracotta Warriors and Horses in Lion Mountain are located 400 meters west of Chu Tomb, which is an integral part of Chu Tomb and symbolizes the army of Wu Weichu Tomb. There are not only a large number, but also a wide variety, showing rich contents: more than ten kinds of official figurines with rich sleeves, guards wearing weapons, braided figurines with long instruments, and military figurines with crossbows.

3) "Three Unique" Han Stone Relief

Stone reliefs in the Han Dynasty were carved on tombs and ancestral halls with distinctive themes. It vividly depicts the social laws, food, clothing, housing and transportation, and fairy tales of the Han Dynasty. It reflects people's attachment to life and mourning after death at that time. Xuzhou is one of the concentrated distribution places of Han Dynasty stone reliefs in China. At present, there are more than 700 Han Dynasty stone reliefs unearthed in Xuzhou, and there are more than 500 Han Dynasty stone reliefs in Xuzhou Han Dynasty Stone Art Museum. Xuzhou Han Dynasty Stone Relief Art Museum covers an area of 654.38+0 million square meters, with a collection of more than 350 rare Han Dynasty stone reliefs. Inscribed by contemporary artist Li Keran, 65,438+0989+00,65,438+0 was completed and opened. Niu Geng, textile, old things, welcoming guests, Baixi and eight-meter-long prison paintings in Xuzhou Han Dynasty stone reliefs are art treasures and treasures of the town hall. 、

I hope the above can have the material and enlightenment you want, and I wish you good luck!