What regulations should be strictly followed for domestic waste management at construction sites?

(1) Dormitory health management regulations

1. There should be necessary living facilities and necessary living space in the dormitory. The indoor height of the dormitory shall not be less than 2.5m. The indoor safety passage shall not be smaller than 0.65m. There should be beds 0.3m above the ground, the bed area per person should be no less than 2 square meters, and indoor ventilation should meet standards.

2. Staff dormitories must have a sanitation management system, implement a room director responsibility system, stipulate a daily sanitation duty list within a week and post it on the wall, ensure that someone cleans it every day, and keeps the windows clear and the floor clean. Well ventilated.

3. Tables, cabinets or hangers for various daily necessities should be placed in the dormitory in an orderly manner. All kinds of daily necessities are neatly arranged, neat and beautiful.

4. The dormitory should be kept clean and sanitary, and the cleaned garbage should be piled up at designated points and at a certain distance from the dormitory. And clean it up in time, twice a day in summer.

5. There must be a sewage pool for domestic wastewater, and there must be water sources and pools above the second floor to ensure that there is no sewage and dirt in the sanitary area, and wastewater must not be dumped or flow randomly.

6. The anti-gas poisoning facilities for heating stoves in winter must be complete and effective, and an acceptance certificate system must be established. Only after acceptance certificates are issued can they be used.

7. The use of electric stoves and other electric heating appliances without permission is strictly prohibited.

8. Employees must maintain good personal hygiene, bathe frequently, get haircuts frequently, change clothes frequently, dry bedding and clothing frequently, and do not spit or urinate anywhere.

9. Every employee must take good care of the green plants in the living area. There must be a dedicated person responsible for watering and pruning so that the green flowers and plants can always remain vigorous and evergreen all year round.

(2) Canteen Hygiene Management

1. According to the provisions of the "Food Hygiene Law", temporary canteens set up at the construction site must have a temporary canteen hygiene license and a health certificate for the cooks , health knowledge training certificate. Establish a canteen hygiene management system and strictly implement the Food Hygiene Law and relevant management regulations.

2. The canteen and operation room at the construction site are relatively fixed and closed, and have the conditions for cleaning and disinfection and measures to prevent infectious diseases. Depending on the size of the canteen and the number of residents, it should be equipped with corresponding food raw material handling, processing, storage and other places, as well as necessary sanitary facilities such as water supply and drainage. To prevent flies and dust. Keep a distance of more than 30m from pollution sources (sewage ditches, toilets, garbage bins). The canteen must be cleaned and cleaned every day to keep it tidy both indoors and outdoors.

3. Cooking personnel must pass the physical examination and obtain a health certificate from the health and epidemic prevention department before they can work. Wear work clothes and a work cap when working and maintain personal hygiene.

4. Canteens and warehouses storing food must be kept clean and hygienic. There should be no stagnant water, no flies, no rats, no cobwebs, and raw and cooked food should be separated for processing and storage.

5. The cooking staff dormitories must be kept clean, tidy and hygienic. Family members and other personnel of dormitory workers are not allowed to stay in the dormitory.

6. Do not splash sewage or throw away filth around the canteen. Domestic waste should be classified and stored at designated locations, cleaned up in time, and kept clean. It is strictly prohibited to defecate in the living area.

7. Health and disease prevention education must be done to prevent food poisoning, gas poisoning, poisoning, and casualties.

8. The interior walls of the canteen and operating room must be plastered, the roof must not absorb dust, and the pot platform should be plastered with cement. Ventilation equipment is provided.

What harm does domestic waste do to life:

What impact does it have on surface water?

Domestic garbage contains a large number of pathogenic microorganisms. During the process of stacking and decay, a large amount of acidic and alkaline organic pollutants will also be produced, and heavy metals contained in the garbage will be dissolved, including mercury, lead, cadmium, etc. Forming a trinity of pollution sources including organic matter, heavy metals and pathogenic microorganisms. The moisture contained in randomly piled garbage or simply landfilled garbage and the leachate produced by rainwater leaking into the garbage will flow into the surrounding surface water bodies, causing water pollution.

What impact will it have on groundwater?

At present, most cities in China still use the method of stacking and landfilling to deal with garbage. Since many landfills do not take good anti-seepage measures, pollutants will inevitably produce pollutants in groundwater. pollute. Garbage in landfills will produce leachate due to fermentation and decomposition, causing pollution to groundwater. The main manifestations are that the groundwater quality is turbid and smelly, with high levels of COD, ammonia nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and nitrite nitrogen, and serious oil and phenol pollution. Excessive coliform bacteria, etc.

What impact does it have on the atmosphere?

Piling domestic garbage for a long time will cause the garbage to rot and become moldy, releasing a large amount of harmful gases, dust and fine particles flying in the wind, harming the surrounding atmospheric environment. Random burning of domestic waste will cause a large amount of harmful components to volatilize, and unburned fine particles will enter the atmosphere, and will also produce harmful substances such as dioxins and phenols. Even direct sanitary landfills of domestic waste will produce a large amount of landfill gas. The main components of landfill gas are methane and carbon dioxide, which have a strong greenhouse effect. They also contain trace amounts of hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, mercaptans and certain If trace amounts of organic matter and other toxic gases are not collected effectively, landfill gas can cause fires, explosions, etc.

What impact does it have on soil?

The piled domestic waste not only occupies a large amount of farmland, but also a large amount of plastic bags, scrap metal and other toxic substances are directly buried or left in the soil, which is difficult to degrade, seriously corrodes the land, pollutes the soil, and harms the agricultural ecology.

What impact will it have on the natural landscape?

The open-air stacking and landfilling of domestic waste takes up a lot of land resources. Many cities are unable to absorb the garbage. Domestic garbage dumps located on the outskirts of cities generally have an unsightly appearance and are prone to breeding mosquitoes, flies, maggots and rats. They emit a foul odor, endanger human health, affect the appearance of the city, and hinder the landscape. Due to the littering of garbage, plastic bottles and lunch boxes floating on the water, and plastic bags and toilet paper hanging on the trees have seriously affected the view of the natural landscape.

What impact does it have on human health?

Domestic waste mainly affects human health through soil pollution, air pollution, surface and groundwater pollution. If domestic waste cannot be removed from urban areas in time or is simply piled in the suburbs, it will often cause garbage to spread, sewage to flow across the city, mosquitoes and flies to breed, and smelly. It will also become a breeding ground and breeding ground for various pathogenic microorganisms, affecting the surrounding areas. Environmental sanitation and harm to human health. For example, the pollution of groundwater by garbage can lead to excessive levels of groundwater pollutants, causing diarrhea, schistosomiasis, trachoma and other diseases. There was an epidemic of dysentery in Guiyang City. The groundwater was contaminated by landfill leachate and the pathogenic microorganisms seriously exceeded the standard.

Reference materials

Sohu.com.Sohu.com [Citation time 2018-3-7]