What is the translation of the full text of Chen Qingbiao?

Translation of the full text of Chen Qingbiao

Chen Li Mi stated: Due to a rough fate, I encountered misfortune very early. Just six months after I was born, my father abandoned me and died. When I was four years old, my uncle forced my mother to change her ambition of observing the law. My grandmother Liu took pity on me for losing my father when I was young, so she raised me personally. Chen was often sick when he was young and could not walk when he was nine years old. Lonely and helpless until adulthood, I am independent. He had neither uncles nor brothers, his family was in decline, his blessings were few and far between, and he did not have a son until very late. There are no close relatives outside, and there are no servants to look after the door at home. I live a lonely life with no support, and only my own body and shadow comfort each other. But my grandmother Liu had been plagued by illness for a long time and was bedridden all year round. I served her with food and medicine and never left her.

When the Jin Dynasty was established, I received the political enlightenment of Qingming. First, there was a prefect named Kui who promoted ministers as Xiaolian, and later there was a governor named Rong who recommended ministers as outstanding talents. Because no one was responsible for the service and support of my grandmother, I declined and refused to accept the appointment. The imperial court issued a special edict and appointed me as a doctor. Soon after, I was favored by the state and appointed me as a Xima. By virtue of my humble and lowly status, I take on the position of serving the prince. This is really not something I can sacrifice my life to repay the imperial court. I reported the above difficulties on the table and declined to take office. However, the edict was urgent and severe, accusing me of being negligent and disrespectful. The county chiefs urged me to get on the road immediately; the state and county chiefs came to my door to urge me, which was more urgent than a falling meteor. I really want to serve the emperor according to the order, but my grandmother Liu's illness is getting worse day by day. I want to temporarily obey my personal feelings, but I am not allowed to report or appeal. I am in a dilemma and very embarrassed.

I think the Jin Dynasty used filial piety to govern the world. All the old and virtuous ministers were still treated with compassion and care. Besides, my loneliness and misery are even more serious. Moreover, when I was young, I served as an official in the Shu Han Dynasty and held the position of Lang Guan. I originally wanted to be an official and prominent, and did not care about my reputation and integrity. Now I am a lowly captive of a subjugated country. I am very humble and humble. I have been over-promoted and generously favored. How can I dare to hesitate and make unreasonable demands? It's just that Grandma Liu is about to end her life, her breath is weak, and she is dying. She can't think about what will happen in the evening in the morning. Without my grandmother, I would not be where I am today; without my care, my grandmother would not be able to spend the rest of her life. Grandfather and grandson rely on each other to maintain their lives, so I cannot stop caring for my grandmother and stay away.

I am now forty-four years old, and my grandmother is now ninety-six years old. It seems that I still have a long time to be loyal and loyal in front of His Majesty, and in front of my grandmother Liu, I still have a long time. The days of filial piety and devotion are short. With the personal feelings of a crow repaying my mother's debt, I begged to be allowed to fulfill my wish to provide for my grandmother until she dies. My bitterness and suffering are not only clearly known to the people of Shu and the governors of Yizhou and Liangzhou, but also to the gods of heaven and earth. I hope that your majesty will take pity on my sincerity and grant my trivial wish so that my grandmother Liu can survive the rest of her life. When I am alive, I should sacrifice myself to serve the imperial court, and when I am dead, I should tie a grass ring to repay Your Majesty's kindness. With the same fear as a dog or a horse, I respectfully present this form to let Your Majesty know this.

Creative background

Li Mi was originally the official (official position unknown) of Liu Chan, the queen of the Shu Han Dynasty. In the fourth year of Jingyuan (263) of Emperor Wei Yuan of the Three Kingdoms (Cao Huan), Sima Zhao destroyed Shu, and Li Mi became a minister of the country's subjugation. Sima Zhao's son Sima Yan deposed Emperor Yuan of Wei and was known as "Emperor Wu of Jin" in history. In the third year of Taishi (267), the imperial court adopted a soft policy, tried its best to win over the old Shu Han officials, and recruited Li Mi to wash horses for the prince. Li Mi was 44 years old at the time. On the pretext that the Jin Dynasty "ruled the world with filial piety" and because his grandmother had no owner to support him, he wrote to the "Chen Qing Biao" to clarify his ambitions and asked for a postponement of his appointment. He expressed his sincere resignation. Why did Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty reuse Li Mi like this? First, at that time, Soochow was still based on Jiangzuo. In order to reduce the resistance to destroying Wu and win over the people of Soochow, Emperor Wu of Jin implemented a soft policy toward the ministers who had subjugated the country to show his generosity. Second, Li Mi was well-known for his filial piety at that time. According to the biography of "Book of Jin", Li Mi served his grandmother Liu "out of filial piety. When I heard that Mrs. Liu was ill, she wept and breathed. She did not take off her clothes and drank food and medicine." "You must try first and then advance." Emperor Wu of Jin inherited the strategy of governing the world with filial piety since the Han Dynasty and implemented filial piety to show his integrity. At the same time, he also used filial piety to maintain the relationship between monarch and ministers and maintain the stability and order of society. Because of this, Li Mi was repeatedly recruited. Li Mi expressed his resignation to Emperor Wu of Jin and said, "I will not resign and take office."

Appreciation of Chen Qingbiao

1. Integrate feelings into things.

Strong emotional color is a major feature of this article, but whether the author is describing his loneliness and helplessness or the deep family relationship between himself and his grandmother, he expresses it through narrative. His gratitude to the imperial court and his loyalty and respect to Emperor Wu were also written in an emotional style.

2. The language is vivid and natural.

Although this article uses a lot of four-character sentences, couplets, and parallel prose, the language is not polished, but very natural and true, as if flowing from the heart, without any chiseling. trace. The language of the article is very vivid and vivid. For example, the first paragraph describes the loneliness and helplessness, the second paragraph describes the scene of oppression in the prefecture and county, and the third paragraph describes the tragic scene of the grandmother dying of illness, all as if they are now. In addition, the language of this article is also very concise and accurate, and some words and sentences have become idioms.

The use of paired sentences in this article is very distinctive. It is not only harmonious in rhyme, distinct in rhythm, concise and sophisticated, vivid in image, but also sincere in emotion and has the power to shock people's hearts. For example, "The sun is setting, the breath is dying, the life is in danger, and the day is not worried about the day", using metaphors and exaggerations to vividly describe the deep feeling that my grandmother is in danger, and I can't bear to leave her; "If you want to follow the imperial edict and run fast, your illness will get worse day by day; If you want to keep your private affairs in check, tell me not to do so." Through comparison, it not only highlights Li Mi's helplessness in the dilemma, but also expresses his loyalty and filial piety in a real and touching way.

Original text of the work

Chen Qing Biao

Western Jin Dynasty·Li Mi? [Wei and Jin Dynasties]

My secret words: I am provoking danger, I encountered Min's misfortune. When the child was born in six months, his loving father realized his disapproval; when he was four years old, his uncle took away his mother's will. Grandmother Liu Minchen was lonely and frail, so she raised her personally. The minister has many illnesses and cannot survive at the age of nine. He is alone and lonely. There are no uncles, but there are no brothers. The family is declining and there is no son. There are no close relatives outside, and no five-foot-tall child inside who answers the door. He stands alone, looking at each other. However, Liu Suying was ill and often had to give birth in bed. His ministers served him with decoctions and medicines, but he never gave up. (One work of sympathy: pity; one work of loneliness: independence)

Catch the holy dynasty and bathe in purity. The former prefecture minister Kui Chachen was filial and honest; the later governor minister was promoted to be a scholar. The minister said that he had no master to support him, but he refused to die. The edict is hereby issued, to pay homage to the ministers and ministers, to seek favor from the country, and to remove the ministers and wash their horses. I am humble enough to serve in the East Palace. I cannot report the death of my minister. Ministers use their appearance to hear news, but they do not take office after resigning. The edicts are serious and severe, and they blame the ministers for their arrogance; the prefectures and counties are forcing them to go to the road; If the minister wants to follow the imperial edict and gallop, Liu's illness will become increasingly serious. If he wants to obey his personal feelings, he will be told not to do so: the minister's advance and retreat will be really embarrassing.

The Fuwei Holy Dynasty governed the world with filial piety. All the old people were still raised with care, especially the lonely ministers. Moreover, I have been a minor official in the fake dynasty, and I have held various positions in Lang's office. I am a high-ranking official, and I do not care about my reputation. Today, my country has been destroyed and I am a lowly prisoner. I am a humble and humble person. I have been promoted and favored and have a good life. How can I dare to hang around and have any hope? But the sun is thinning in the west, the breath is dying, the life is in danger, and the day is not worried about the day. If I had no grandmother, I would not be able to live to this day; if I had no grandmother, I would not be able to live out my remaining years. Mother and grandson are more dependent on each other, so they cannot be separated from each other.

Chen Mi is forty-four this year, and my grandmother is ninety-six this year. The days for me to devote myself to Your Majesty are long, but the days for repaying Liu's support are short. It's a private love affair with a black bird, and I'm willing to beg for support. The hard work of the minister is not only seen by the people of Shu and the shepherds of the two states, but also learned by the emperor and the empress. May your Majesty be prudent and sincere, listen to your ministers' ambitions, and may your concubines be lucky enough to survive for more than a decade. When you are alive, you should die, and when you die, you should be weeded. I cannot bear the fear of dogs and horses, so I would like to pay my respects and listen to it. (Grandmother Liu Yizuo: Grandmother; Jinmin Yizuo: Jinmei)

Notes

"Biao" is a literary style, a type of ancient memorial, and a subordinate's statement to the king. A style of writing about current events, outspoken advice, or correcting mistakes.

With: due to danger (xiǎnxìn): dangerous disaster (here refers to bad luck). Danger, difficulty, disaster; provocation, disaster.

Su: Early, here refers to when you are young.

Min: Same as "compassion", it refers to things that can be troubled (mostly refers to illness, death or loss).

Fierce: This refers to unfortunate events in his family.

Seeing the past: the death of parents or elders.

Xing Nian: years of experience.

The uncle seizes the mother's will: The uncle forcibly changes the mother's wish to keep the law. This is a euphemism for mother remarrying.

Pity: mercy. The Sujiao version is written as "捍".

In person: in person.

As for: Until.

Yu: preposition, introducing the object.

Established: Adult self-reliance.

End: Again.

Xian: Shao, here refers to the meaning of "nothing".

Door: door of home.

The family is declining and the blessings are shallow; zuò: the blessings are shallow.

Child's interest: heir. Information: Biological children. Another example: Xizi (biological son); Xinu (biological daughter); Xinan (biological son).

Qigong: the name of ancient mourning clothes. Period, one year of mourning. Gong is divided into big and small merits according to their closeness and relationship. Big merits are mourned for nine months, while small merits are mourned for five months. It is also used to refer to the clan members within the five services.

Strongly close: Barely close.

Answer the door: take care of the door.

Five-foot-tall child: A child five feet tall. Tong: child servant.

Qingqiong: Lonely.

Loneliness: Loneliness: "Independence" in Jiangsu Education Edition.

Hang: comfort.

Infant: entangled, here refers to disease.

蓐: The old grass comes back to life. Extended to straw mats and straw mats.

Abolish: abolish, stop serving.

Li: leave.

Catch: and, arrive.

Feng: flattery.

Holy Dynasty: refers to the Jin Dynasty.

Bathing in Qinghua: a compliment, referring to receiving the political enlightenment of Qingping.

Cha: Inspection and recommendation

Xiaolian: An examination subject for selecting talents since the Han Dynasty, that is, local officials inspect local figures every year and recommend to the court filial piety, good conduct, and An honest person becomes an official

ju: recommendation.

Xiucai: A kind of examination subject for selecting talents since the Han Dynasty. Here it means outstanding talents, which is different from the meaning of "xiucai" in later generations' imperial examinations.

Words: Say goodbye.

Go: accept.

Fate: Appointment.

Bai: confer an official position

Langzhong: an official of Shangshu Province.

Xun: Soon.

Exception: to worship an official and receive a post.

Xima: The prince Xianma (xiǎn), the prince’s attendant.

Lew: A word of self-effacement, just like "despicable".

Humble: humble and lowly.

About the author

Li Mi (224-287), whose courtesy name was Lingbo, was born in Wuyang (now Pengshan, Sichuan). His father died when he was young, his mother He remarried, and he was raised by his grandmother. Later, Li Mi became famous in his hometown for his deep respect for his grandmother. He studied under the famous scholar Qiao Zhou and was well-read in the Five Classics, especially the Chun Qiu Zuo Zhuan. In the early days of Shu Han, he served as Shangshu Lang. When the Shu Han Dynasty died, Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty called him to wash the prince's horses. Li Mi resigned because his grandmother was old and sick and had no one to support him. He successively served as magistrate of Wen County and prefect of Hanzhong. He was later dismissed from office and died at home. He wrote ten chapters of "Shu theory", which have not been handed down from generation to generation. His life is recorded in "Huayang Guozhi" and "Jin Shu". Representative as "Chen Qing Biao".