Blindly investing in national core-making chips and cheating

As the semiconductor industry is favored by the government and capital, a "core-making" movement is being launched in various provinces of China. In the first half of 2020, there were more than 140 semiconductor projects in 2/kloc-0 provinces, with a total investment of at least 307 billion yuan. In August, 2020, nearly 10,000 enterprises plan to join the chip industry, and the number of semiconductor enterprises in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shaanxi, Tianjin, Liaoning, Chongqing and Jiangxi increased by 196.94%, 547.37%, 6 18.25%, 465.3638+0% and 3888.38% respectively. By September 2020 1, 702 1 semiconductor enterprises will be established nationwide, and more than 10000 semiconductor enterprises will be established in 20 19 years.

Under the appearance of the national semiconductor projects blooming everywhere, there are the following hidden concerns.

First, investors' motives are impure, and chips become "core fraud". In recent years, some local governments have obtained the support of state-owned funds by taking advantage of their eagerness for success. As a result, the money was not spent, but the chip project made little progress, causing huge losses to local governments. In this regard, Wuhan Hong Xin and Jinan Quanxin are typical representatives. Hong Xin claimed to have invested 654.38+028 billion yuan, but the actual funds in place were very limited. From the beginning to the end, the major shareholders lacked the sincerity to invest, and today the paid-in capital is still zero. After the real money invested by the Wuhan government was burned out, the project fell into a state of shock. The same technique was carried out again in Jinan spring core. In February, 2020, the actual contribution of Jinan Spring Core was about 5 1 10,000 yuan, and the actual contribution was still a state-owned enterprise actually controlled by the local government, just like Hong Xin.

The second is to induce collusion between officials and businessmen, bringing corruption and power rent-seeking. At present, the government spares no effort to invest in semiconductor technology, and a large number of state-owned funds flock to the semiconductor industry. Many people get through the joints in improper ways, get high state-owned funds and squander them. The most typical example of this is Whitehead Semiconductor. The founder of Decoma has the background of studying in the United States and Japan, and has set up his own companies in Nanjing, Ningbo, Huai 'an and other places, and raised a lot of state-owned funds. In the end, Nanjing Dekema, which claimed to have invested 3 billion US dollars, filed for bankruptcy in May 2020. Ningbo Chengxing Semiconductor did not follow up after receiving 7 million government funds. After Wilder Semiconductor burned 4.6 billion yuan, it came to nothing, and the local government was burdened with huge debts. In the whole process, there are many problems of corruption.

Third, the introduction of technology is greedy for foreign countries, accompanied by his wife and soldiers. At present, some officials are not good at cultivating local enterprises, but they are very keen on attracting investment, hoping to invite "foreign monks" to recite scriptures, as if an industry can be transformed out of thin air by a few spells from foreign monks. In the face of some multinational companies, I was dazzled in an instant and spared no expense. As a result, they not only did not introduce technology, but also accompanied their wives and soldiers. The most typical cases in this regard are Chengdu Singh and Guizhou Huaxin Tong. In 20 17, Grofond and Chengdu municipal government invested 9 billion dollars to build a 12 inch wafer foundry production line. However, the huge investment has not produced much effect. Chengdu singer has long existed in name only, and has been looking for a receiver, but no one dares to be a white knight. At present, the equipment with a value of10 billion in the fab can only be left there to accumulate dust. Guizhou Huaxin General Principles is another tragic case. 20 16, 16 In June, the Guizhou provincial government and Qualcomm jointly established Huaxintong, with a total investment of 185 billion yuan. Although Huaxintong has high-profile publicity and independence, in fact, this ARM server CPU is the vest of Qualcomm ARM server CPU. Because there is no market for ARM server CPU in the commercial market at all, and many manufacturers who once bet on ARM are also unsustainable, Qualcomm decided to give up ARM server CPU. After Qualcomm gave up the ARM server CPU, Huaxintong became rootless and closed down naturally.

Fourth, blind investment regardless of external risks, harming others and not benefiting themselves. With the emerging market becoming a hot spot, some ARM camp manufacturers, in order to enter the emerging market and gain more market share, do not take products and services as selling points, but take the relationship between politics and business as a breakthrough, package the technology of "building houses on foreigners' foundations" into independent technology, engage in enclosure movement all over the country, ask local governments for policies and markets, and engage in single-source procurement. At present, Company C has established 16 companies nationwide, and Company H has cooperated with Beijing, Tianjin, Fuzhou, Xiamen, Chengdu, Mianyang, Chongqing, Shanghai, Zhengzhou, Xuchang, Qingdao, Jinan, Hefei, Xi 'an, Jiujiang, Nanjing, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Dongguan, Nanning, Taiyuan, Hangzhou, Ningbo, etc. Because most of these subsidiaries and industrial bases have similar functions and overlapping businesses, the whole machine manufacturing is not high-tech at all, and the market scale of government agencies and units is limited, and the production of this scale will bring serious overcapacity problems. Not long ago, with the increasingly severe external environment, H company has lost the channel of ARM chip streaming, and KP industrial bases all over the country are facing the dilemma of core shortage, which seriously affects the production capacity and delivery capacity. Many local governments have invested heavily in the whole machine factory, which is almost in a semi-shock state. Funds that could have been used to make up for the shortcomings of chip manufacturing, equipment and raw materials were wasted on the production line of the whole machine factory.

The chip industry needs ten years of polishing, not a short time.

At present, the domestic "core-making" movement is irrational, and many enterprises engaged in "core-making" not only have poor technology accumulation, but also have the problem of no motivation.

From the perspective of industrial development, chips are high-input and long-term projects, and resources need to be developed emphatically. The development of semiconductor industry in all provinces of China will only disperse limited power and waste a lot of state-owned funds and time.

Globally, American semiconductor enterprises are mainly concentrated in Silicon Valley, Japanese semiconductor industry cluster is located in Kyushu Silicon Island, Korean semiconductor industry cluster is located in Gyeonggi Province and Chungcheong Province, and semiconductor enterprises in Taiwan Province Province of China are highly concentrated in Hsinchu Science Park, and there is no situation that all parts of the country are blooming everywhere.

Technological development must follow objective laws and step by step. Local governments should not try to eat fat with policies and state-owned capital in a short time, and should not try to smash an industry with administrative resources in a short time. The more resources they put in, the more they will get in the end.

At present, the top management should strengthen the overall planning of the semiconductor industry and plan and develop the industry with a ten-year attitude. When formulating industrial policies, we should make layout according to the actual situation and the characteristics of existing industries, so that the whole industrial chain of design, manufacturing, equipment, raw materials and packaging can go hand in hand. In the use of state-owned funds, it is necessary to curb the irrational investment of local governments and strictly examine and approve the issuance of funds to support the semiconductor industry. It is necessary to give full play to the institutional advantages of concentrating on doing great things, and support the "blue chips" and "potential stocks" among local manufacturers with funds and time.