Where does Ru Ci come from?

Ru Ci is the product of geographical indication protection.

Good quality, bright quality, spots, dark lines and ice flowers under the surface. It is a treasure of the ages. Produced in Ruzhou City.

Ru Ci was listed as the first of the five famous porcelains (Ru Ci, Official Porcelain, Jun Porcelain, Ge Porcelain and Ding Porcelain) in the Song Dynasty in China, and was designated as the imperial porcelain of the court at that time. Linru was born in Linru, Henan Province. In the early years of Yang Di's great cause (AD 605), it was named Ruzhou, hence the name "Ru Ci".

Ruzhou is the hometown of Ru Ci, and Ru Ci's modeling is simple and generous. Its glaze color is like "the rain is clear and the clouds are broken" and "the peaks are green and the waves are green". The soil is fine and moist, and the green body looks like the dong body. Its glaze is thick and loud, bright but not harsh, and it has the characteristics of "pear skin, crab claws and sesame flowers", which is called "jade-like, not jade, but better than jade" by the world. Ru Ci takes precious agate as glaze, which has a unique color and is known as "Agate is the glaze handed down from generation to generation". With the change of light, the glaze color is as beautiful, moist and simple as "after the rain clears, the clouds open and the fog clears" The surface is small and has cicada wings, which are called "pear skin, crab claw and sesame flower". In the Northern Song Dynasty, the word "Fenghua" was often engraved on your porcelain table, and Cai Jing, the minister of both capital city, also engraved the surname "Cai Zi" as a souvenir. Since the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, court officials have used utensils and treasures as treasures, which are more expensive than Shang, Yi and Qing. It is called "Ru Ci is rich, but it is not as good as it".

From 65438 to 0952, Premier Zhou Enlai instructed to "develop the cultural heritage of the motherland and restore the production of Ru kilns". After hundreds of experiments and studies, 1958 experts from Ru Ci No.1 factory in Ruzhou, the hometown of Ru Ci, fired the first batch of bean green glazes to imitate your utensils. 1August, 983, the azure glaze of Ruyao was successfully tried by experts from Ru Ci Factory, and was appraised by ceramic experts, all reaching and exceeding the level of Ruyao in Song Dynasty. Since then, Ru Ci has become a business card of Ruzhou people. The typical characteristics of Ru Ci are: "Blue as the sky, jade face, cicada wing pattern, rare morning star, sesame Zhi Ding glaze."

Ruzhou, which is rich in products, is originally a place where merchants gather and has a long history of cultural accumulation. The prosperity of Zhenguan has made Ruzhou's economy unprecedentedly prosperous. The development of Ruzhou pottery promoted the prosperity of ceramic industry. The prosperity of Ruzhou porcelain industry shows that as early as ancient times, Ruzhou porcelain technology has been advanced.

Ru Ci ranks first among the five famous kilns in Song Dynasty in China, including Ru kiln, Jun kiln, Guan kiln, Ge kiln and Ding kiln. In the early years of Yang Di's great cause (AD 605), he was born in Linru, Henan Province. Linru was named Ruzhou, hence the name "Ru Ci".

Ru Ci was first burned in the mid-Tang Dynasty and was famous in the Northern Song Dynasty. It occupies an important position in the history of China ceramics. In the late Northern Song Dynasty, the Song and Jin Dynasties were constantly in war, and the prosperity lasted only for more than twenty years, so it was precious. Ru Ci is rare, with only 65 pieces left in the world, including 17 pieces in Beijing Palace Museum, 23 pieces in Taipei Palace Museum, 8 pieces in Shanghai Museum, 7 pieces in Sir David Foundation of Britain, and about 10 pieces in famous museums and private collections such as Victoria Abbott Museum, Toyo ceramics museum in Osaka, Japan, Clifford, St. Louis in the United States.

Ru Ci takes precious agate as glaze, which has a unique color and is known as "Agate is the glaze handed down from generation to generation". With the change of light, the glaze color is as beautiful, moist and simple as "after the rain clears, the clouds open and the fog clears" The surface is small and has cicada wings, which are called "pear skin, crab claw and sesame flower". In the Northern Song Dynasty, the word "Fenghua" was often engraved on your porcelain table, and Cai Jing, the minister of both capital city, also engraved the surname "Cai Zi" as a souvenir. Since the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, court officials have used utensils and treasures as treasures, which are more expensive than Shang, Yi and Qing. It is called "Ru Ci is rich, but it is not as good as it".

According to Chen Wanli, an expert on ancient ceramics, "The period from the fifth year of Zongchongning in Wei Song to the first year of Zongyuan in Zhejiang was the heyday of Ru Ci's development. At that time, the royal family in the Northern Song Dynasty spared no expense in making celadon in Ruzhou. Because the white porcelain in Dingzhou was too bright, the rulers thought it was useless, so they ordered Ruzhou to make celadon. Ru Ci has since been chosen as a royal treasure, also known as the official porcelain.

Ru Ci burned the land.

During the Northern Song Dynasty, the center of firing celadon in the north was in Ruzhou (then Zhili, now Ruzhou). At that time (A.D.1102-1127), Ruzhou administered jia county, Longxing County (now Baofeng County), Lushan County, Ruyang County (Yiyang) and Ruyang County. There are many ancient kiln sites burning celadon in the four directions of Ruzhou, forming a prosperous scene of "hundreds of miles of mountains and rivers on both sides of Ruhe River are full of fire everywhere". North and South porcelain areas; The north area extends from Zhanggong Lane and Confucian Temple in Ruzhou City on the north bank of Ruhe River, Donggou and Chenjiazhuang in Dayu Township to Huangyao in Linru Town. Second, it extends from Yanhedian on the south bank of the North Ruhe River to luoquan, Taomugou, Liang Qing Temple and Liangwa in the southeast direction, and reaches Duandian and Fiona Fang, covering more than 300 square kilometers and thousands of kiln sites. At its peak, there were more than 300 kilns all over Neixiang, Yiyang, Xin 'an and the north of the Yellow River. This is a prosperous period in the history of Ru kiln production.

Celadon with decorative patterns was fired in the northeast of Ruzhou, and its glaze color was extremely moist and green, which was an early product. Fired in the south, mostly decorated with prints or carvings, looming under the transparent wormwood glaze, but the production time may be later than the Southern Song Dynasty; Most of the new kiln furniture unearthed in urban areas are Ru kilns, and most of them are azure Ru Ci. Ru Ci also produces Tianmu porcelain, white porcelain, flower porcelain and tea glaze porcelain.

The main raw materials for burning "Ru Ci"

Linru, Baofeng, Lushan and other places under the jurisdiction of Ruzhou in the Tang Dynasty are rich in clay and dense in trees. A large number of calcite, albite, feldspar, sandstone, semi-slope soil, pyrophyllite, fluorite, hard kaolin, soft kaolin and Yingshi are widely distributed, which provides convenient conditions for Ru Ci's production (from the Tang Tomb in the north of Ruzhou,1September 1988, Lushan County section,

After the decline of Yue Kiln in the period when "Ru Kiln" appeared, the products were mainly used by the court, and only part of them were allowed to be returned for sale, which was particularly rare recently. Ru kiln tire is fine and moist, as much as burning incense ash. It is slightly pink through the glaze bottom, which is different from other celadon in the same period. Unique style, showing a faint sky blue, some slightly deep, some slightly shallow, but can not be separated from the basic tone of sky blue. Your glaze juice is bright and moist, full of bean green, pink green, moonlight white, green and so on. The whole thin slice, with sesame seeds and tiny Zhi Ding at the bottom, is the trace of burning. The existing "Ruyao Striation" and "Wash" in the Palace Museum are rare treasures in ancient ceramics.

Related historical records

Song Zhouhui's Qingbo Magazine, Lu You's Notes on the Old Learning Temple, His Past in Wulin, His Shipu, Ouyang Xiu's Collection of Returning to the Field, Zhao's A Brief Introduction to Gegu, and Ruzhou Records all record Ru Ci's first feelings.

"Burning is forbidden in Ruyao Palace, and there is agate powder as oil (glaze), which can only be sold if it is retrieved by the imperial court. It is particularly rare recently. " Ye Song _ "Tan Zhai Bi Heng" clearly recorded that there was a time when "Dingzhou white porcelain was awned and could not be used, making Ruzhou a green kiln, so Ji, Tang, Deng and Yaozhou learned that Ruyao was the first." Great. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, Jin Bing invaded and the Song Dynasty moved south. Due to the long-term war disaster, your kiln was destroyed and your skills were lost. Although the kiln continued to be fired in Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, it failed for various reasons. From 27 to 30 years of the Republic of China (1938 to 194 1 year), Li Shaochu, a capitalist, tried to imitate Ru Ci and built a kiln in the former site of Ruyao in Yanhedian, Mangchuan, Ruzhou, but he failed.

Feng Xianming, former president of China Ancient Ceramics Research Association, said: "The glaze color of Ru kiln is the most difficult to imitate, much more difficult than that of Ding kiln, Jun kiln and Yao kiln, and it is not easy to imitate, so there is no authentic product handed down from generation to generation." As Sun Hao, the governor of the Qing Dynasty, said in a poem, "There is no carving on celadon, and it was not Yuan's first cultivation. The famous gentleman paid tribute to Shaoxing that year, and the bottles and lanterns moved. Brother Guan deserves you, the price of the voice at that time. The vegetable worm is a moth of tragedy, and it is difficult for people to stay long. The golden plate and jade bowl can be called a treasure of the world, refined in the soil. The kiln is cold and the wild coal is Changchun. " The poet spoke highly of Ru Ci, but also expressed his feelings about the loss of Ru Ci.