Container throughput ranking of mainland China ports in 2009

Comprehensive competitiveness has become a new standard for port rankings. The top 10 Chinese ports were released. On January 29, China International Shipping Network and the World Economic Research Institute of Dalian Maritime University jointly held the "2006 China Port Comprehensive Competitiveness Index Ranking" in Beijing. Ranking Briefing Conference", the comprehensive competitiveness of ports has become the new standard for port rankings. China's ports, which have been almost fully profitable in the past year, are ushering in the first major review of the new year. Shanghai Port relies on its own economic strength and its geographical advantages of connecting the Yangtze River Delta in the interior, the Pearl River Delta in the south, the Bohai Sea in the north, the golden waterway of the Yangtze River in the west, and Busan and Incheon in the east. It has become the number one international port in China and the world, ranking first; The geographical location and investment structure of Shenzhen Port have brought significant benefits to it, ranking second and being rated as the most profitable port; Qingdao Port, Guangzhou Port, and Tianjin Port ranked third to fifth respectively, and Zhuhai Port, Haikou Port ranked 24th and 5th respectively and was rated as an environmentally friendly port. According to Dr. Liu Bin, director of the Institute of World Economics at Dalian Maritime University, this ranking is based on defining competitiveness as the ability and opportunities of port enterprises to provide high-quality and low-cost services to related enterprises and industries in a competitive market environment. , thereby maximizing the value of port enterprises. Based on Michael Porter's competitive advantage and Samuelson's economic principles, it is divided into 5 levels and 13 indicators are set up. Statistical software is used to sort and select the most competitive ports in mainland China from 60 ports in China. 25 major ports. Its five levels are: investment trends, throughput, port operating capacity, port financial status and port natural conditions. The indicators included are: foreign direct investment, port investment, container throughput, cargo throughput, routes, loading and unloading rates, bridge cranes, berths, number of berthing vessels, total assets, total profits, draft and location. Advantages. The details of the top ten ports are as follows: The most internationally competitive port: Shanghai Port Shanghai Port ranks first. Shanghai Port has obvious advantages among the thirteen indicators. Nine indicators ranked first, two indicators ranked second, and the "profit" indicator ranked third. Its disadvantage lies in the lack of "location advantage". The international trade volume of 200 billion US dollars, the foreign port investment of 1 billion US dollars, the influx of 400 Fortune 500 companies, the overall listing of the port of 44 billion yuan, and more than 100 international routes have created a veritable international shipping center. Foreign investment, foreign trade, foreign business and international routes are all strong competitive advantages of Shanghai Port. Shanghai Port has international competitiveness that other ports in mainland China do not have. Therefore, Shanghai Port is an international port and the only international port on this list. The most efficient and competitive port: Shenzhen Port Shenzhen Port ranks second. Among the thirteen indicators, the least competitive one is the cargo throughput of Shenzhen Port. This disadvantage is made up for by the strong container throughput of Shenzhen Port. The container business is developing rapidly, and low-cost and high-efficiency operations are the prerequisite for Shenzhen Port's core competitiveness. Shenzhen Port relies on low logistics costs, fast and effective customs clearance efficiency, and effective competition between ports to fully attract the supply of goods from the Pearl River Delta Industrial Zone, increasing the effective profits of the port. The core competitiveness is formed in single container cost, single crane cost, single container charge, efficiency and profit. Therefore, Shenzhen Port is the most cost-effective port. The most innovative and competitive port: Qingdao Port Qingdao Port ranks third. It surpassed Shenzhen Port, which took the lead in the first half of the year, and became the first in the single indicator ranking of "Profit Amount". Qingdao Port performed well in this ranking - ranking first in two indicators, second in one indicator, third in five indicators, and fourth in two indicators. Innovation enables Qingdao Port to compete tenaciously in a relatively weak environment, fully demonstrating the strength of a major northern port. Technological innovation has enabled Qingdao Port to lead the industry in terms of loading and unloading, electronics, informatization, and EDI customs clearance; management innovation has enabled Qingdao Port to create the myth of 90 managers managing the third largest port in China. It is Qingdao Port. The foundation of low-cost and high-efficiency management. Therefore, Qingdao Port is an innovative port. The most aggressive and competitive port: Guangzhou Port Guangzhou Port ranks fourth. The enterprising Guangzhou Port caught up in the second half of 2006, rising from fifth place in the first half of the year to fourth in the annual rankings, improving its overall competitiveness. Among the thirteen indicators, Guangzhou Port ranks second in "cargo throughput", second only to Shanghai Port, which ranks first in the world. In addition, the port's "number of routes", "number of berthing vessels", "number of port bridge cranes", "container throughput", "total port assets" and other individual indicators are all ranked in the top five, with both individual indicators and overall strength improved. Guangzhou Port continues to make progress and loses no opportunity to promote the development of the port. The transportation of automobiles, coal, oil and other goods has safeguarded Guangzhou Port's status as a major port in the Pearl River Delta region and even the country, and played an important role in promoting the economic development of the Pearl River Delta region. Therefore, Guangzhou Port is an enterprising port. The most competitive port for privatization: Ningbo-Zhoushan Port Ningbo Port ranks fifth. Compared with the ranking in the first half of the year, the ranking of Ningbo-Zhoushan Port dropped to fifth place. Among the thirteen indicators, Ningbo Port ranks second in two indicators, third in two indicators, fourth in four indicators, fifth in one indicator, and sixth in four indicators. The port took advantage of its own advantages, broke through various resistances, and relied on the private capital market to become part of the construction of Shanghai's international shipping center.

Ningbo Port actively adjusts its strategic goals and joins forces with Zhoushan Port to build the "Ningbo-Zhoushan" integrated project. The characteristics of the private economy such as information agility, quick turnaround, and high efficiency are fully reflected in Ningbo Port. Therefore, Ningbo Port is a private port. The most competitive port with government support: Tianjin Port Tianjin Port ranks sixth. The rankings for 2006 are the same as those for the first half of the year. The port’s “total investment” ranks high, ranking second. "Cargo throughput" and "foreign investment" ranked fourth. Among other indicators, Tianjin Port *** ranked in the top five for seven indicators. Tianjin Port has an important economic location and is a national strategic port. The continuous development of Binhai New Area provides strong supply support for Tianjin Port; the trial operation of the Dongjiang Free Trade Zone Free Port has laid the foundation for the development of Tianjin Port. Abundant human resources, especially those from Zhongnanhai, keep its competitiveness high. Therefore, Tianjin Port is the most government-supported port. Taiwan Strait-type port: Xiamen Port Xiamen Port ranks seventh. Among the thirteen indicators, Xiamen Port's "number of berths" and "number of berthing vessels" rank in the top five, while other indicators are relatively average and are all within the tenth place. Xiamen Port, which follows the Taiwan Strait-type development route, has clear tasks, clear goals, and distinctive trade characteristics with Taiwan. It is the only place for the three links between the mainland and Taiwan Island. At a certain period, economics gave way to politics, and politics promoted economic growth. The development of Xiamen Port is a barometer of the economy on both sides of the Taiwan Strait. Therefore, Xiamen Port is a Taiwan Strait-type port. Conservative port: Dalian Port Dalian Port ranked eighth. Among the thirteen comprehensive indicators, the "total assets" indicator of Dalian Port ranks second. The planning and construction of Dalian Port is in the exploratory stage. Backward concepts, conservative behavior, and lack of market awareness are the salient features of Dalian Port. High investment, high financial costs, high management costs and low return on investment, low cash flow, and low profits illustrate the state of investment and operating performance of Dalian Port. Although it was successfully listed on the Hong Kong capital market, it was too small and its huge savings assets could not be listed. Lack of capital market awareness, immature capital operation skills, and poor results. Dalian City has proposed different development strategies in the past 10 years, from "not seeking the biggest, but seeking the best" to "Dalian" to the current "port and shipping city". Policy instability is a flaw in the development of Dalian Port. Conservatism and confusion are important reasons why Dalian Port is lagging behind. Therefore, Dalian Port is a conservative port. Ports with explosive growth: Lianyungang Port Lianyungang Port ranks ninth. Among the thirteen indicators, Lianyungang Port ranks in the top five for "port draft" and among the top ten for "total port investment". All other indicators are ranked behind the tenth. Container throughput maintained a growth of more than 40%, which benefited from Lianyungang Port's bridgehead status on the Eurasian Continental Bridge. Lianyungang has absolute advantages in the export of alumina and aluminum ingots, the import of plywood, coal, coke, and the loading and unloading of grain and other products. 2006 caused a spurt in throughput growth. Therefore, Lianyungang Port is an explosive growth port. The port with the most potential: Yingkou Port Yingkou Port ranks tenth. All indicators are very average, which is a major feature of Yingkou Port. The completion of the overall planning and construction of the 200,000-ton crude oil terminal and Bayuquan port area under construction has provided guarantee for the development of Yingkou Port. The construction of the central Liaoning urban agglomeration economic zone centered on Shenyang has driven the development of port-facing industries in Yingkou Port and surrounding areas. The low logistics and transportation costs caused by the location advantage enable Yingkou Port to seize the geographical advantage in the game with Dalian Port. In 2006, the cargo throughput of Yingkou Port was 94 million tons, and the containers exceeded one million TEUs. Continuously creating brilliance is the driving force for the development of Yingkou Port as a potential port. Therefore, Yingkou Port is the most potential port.

Excerpted from China Water Transport Network