What are beam heads and beam pads in construction projects?

1. Beam head: the exposed ends of various beams under the eaves.

The beam heads of large-style buildings with brackets need to be carved according to the brackets used. In Ming and Qing architecture, the beam heads combined with the tall brackets should be made into pointed heads, which are combined with the hemp leaves. The beam heads with brackets and arches should be carved into hemp leaf heads, and there are other beam heads with warped arches and ordinary beam heads.

2. Beam pad: Also called beam pad, it means that when the beam is supported on the brick wall, in order to increase the pressure-bearing area of ??the brick wall at the beam support, it is set at the contact surface between the beam and the brick wall. A short transverse beam.

Beam pads can be made of plain concrete or reinforced concrete. When the girder is prefabricated, it can be set under the girder. When the girder is cast-in-situ, the bottom surface of the beam pad can be at the same height as the bottom surface of the girder. The length of the beam pad is generally 2-3 times the width of the beam section. The width should be the same as the thickness of the brick wall, and the height can be 180-240mm.

Extended information

1. From a functional perspective, there are structural beams, such as foundation beams, frame beams, etc.; they are composed of vertical components such as columns and load-bearing walls. The spatial structure system includes structural beams, such as ring beams, lintels, tie beams, etc., which play structural roles such as crack resistance, earthquake resistance, and stability.

2. Beams can be divided into frame beams, frame beams supported by shear walls, internal frame beams, beams, masonry wall beams, masonry lintels, and shear wall coupling beams according to their structural engineering properties. , shear wall concealed beams, shear wall frame beams.

3. In terms of construction technology, there are cast-in-place beams, prefabricated beams, etc.

4. In terms of materials, shaped steel beams, reinforced concrete beams, wooden beams, steel-clad concrete beams, etc. are commonly used in engineering.

5. According to the cross-sectional form, beams can be divided into: rectangular cross-section beams, T-shaped cross-section beams, cross-shaped cross-section beams, I-shaped cross-section beams, U-shaped cross-section beams, lug-shaped cross-section beams, and irregular cross-section beams. Liang.

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