Hello, everyone, I would like to ask the difference between automation, mechanical design and automation, mechanical engineering and automation, and mechatronics.

The outlet of mechanical and electronic engineering specialty

-The major of mechanical engineering has been a hot topic of consultation recently. The following is a brief introduction of mechanical engineering major, hoping to help the majority of candidates choose the most suitable mechanical engineering major. There are four classic disciplines in the first-level discipline of mechanical engineering: mechanical manufacturing and automation, mechanical design and theory, mechanical and electronic engineering, and vehicle engineering. Among them, mechanical manufacturing is mainly based on process flow and tooling, mechanical design is mainly based on ergonomics and structural design, mechanical and electronic engineering is mainly based on information processing and automatic control, and vehicle engineering is mainly based on automobile technology and design theory. Each of the four disciplines has its own strengths, its own emphasis and complementary advantages. In recent years, machinery keeps pace with the rising temperature, and the momentum is fierce.

Machinery manufacturing and its automation-a new look and extensive employment

Mechanical manufacturing and its automation is a subject that studies mechanical manufacturing theory, manufacturing technology, automated manufacturing system and advanced manufacturing mode. This discipline integrates the latest development of related disciplines, which makes manufacturing technology, manufacturing system and manufacturing mode take on a brand-new look. The goal of mechanical manufacturing and its automation is very clear, that is, combining mechanical equipment with automation through computers, forming a series of advanced manufacturing technologies, including CAD (Computer Aided Design), CAM (Computer Aided Manufacturing), FMC (Flexible Manufacturing System), etc., and finally forming a large computer integrated manufacturing system (CIMS), which makes the traditional mechanical processing get a qualitative leap. Specific industrial applications include CNC machine tools and machining centers.

These professional directions require students to have solid and systematic basic theoretical knowledge, profound professional knowledge and skilled experimental skills. It is particularly noteworthy that these majors also require students to be proficient in reading foreign language documents of their major, and have good foreign language listening and speaking level and certain foreign language writing ability. Graduate students must have the ability of mechanical product design and manufacturing, computer-aided design and manufacturing, manufacturing and equipment control, production organization and management. Xiao Ji, a graduate student at the School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, said: "This major has a wide range of employment and is known as the' tiger balm'. My brothers and sisters graduated from scientific research institutes, foreign-funded enterprises, high-tech companies and machinery export trading companies, and their wages are good. "

Employment situation: the demand for graduate students majoring in mechanical manufacturing and automation has been in short supply for many years, and the ratio of supply and demand has been above 1: 10. According to the talent market survey in Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen, the specialty of mechanical design, manufacturing and automation has always been in the forefront of talent demand.

It is understood that graduates majoring in mechanical manufacturing and automation are mainly employed in high-tech R&D and production units in major cities and coastal areas. After China's entry into WTO, China has gradually become a new manufacturing center and processing center in the world, and the employment development trend of graduates of this major is good.

Research interests: advanced mechanical equipment design and processing technology, CAD/CAM integration and related technologies, digital product design and manufacturing, mechanical dynamics.

Recommended institutions: Tsinghua University, Dalian University of Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology and Xi Jiaotong University.

Mechanical design and theory-great potential, waiting for accumulation.

Mechanical design and theory is a basic technical subject that carries out functional analysis, comprehensive quantitative description and control of machinery, and mainly trains senior talents engaged in mechanical design, mechanical system performance analysis, system simulation optimization and related theoretical research. Postgraduates in this major should have a solid theoretical foundation in mechanics, mechanism, strength theory and fluid mechanics, and also have strong abilities in CAD technology, computer programming, mechanical parameter measurement, signal processing and microprocessor application.

Lin An, a graduate student majoring in mechanical design at Beihang University, said: "Graduates majoring in mechanical design can engage in design, technology, assembly and maintenance. Unlike finance, business administration and other majors, mechanical majors become white-collar workers as soon as they graduate. After graduating from mechanical design, you must accumulate experience in the production line and have a certain understanding of production technology, including mechanical processing and heat treatment, in order to make achievements in future design posts. It is suggested that students majoring in mechanical design should be blue-collar workers for two to three years, and then gray-collar workers for three years. Maybe they will become gold-collar workers in the future. "

Employment: Because mechanical design is the most traditional mechanical subject, in order to train modern mechanical engineers, many colleges and universities that recruit mechanical talents tend to recruit graduates majoring in mechanical design. It is understood that graduate students majoring in mechanical design can go to national scientific research institutions after graduation, such as the Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Aircraft Design. You can also go to R&D, the manufacturing, sales and after-sales service department of foreign-funded and private enterprises. Mainly engaged in the design and manufacture, scientific and technological development, applied research, operation management and sales of machinery manufacturing in the front line of industrial production. At present, most graduates are employed in Beijing, Shanghai, Zhejiang, Liaoning, Shandong and other regions.

Research interests: mechanical design and manufacturing, computer integrated design and manufacturing, mechanical strength analysis and modern design methods, intelligent mechanical system design, product life cycle management (PLM), and computer three-dimensional graphics.

Recommended institutions: Tsinghua University, Beihang University, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Northeastern University, Yanshan University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Central South University, Chongqing University and Xi Jiaotong University.

Mechanical and electronic engineering-dual choice, mechanical or electronic

Mechatronics engineering is a comprehensive discipline that organically integrates machinery, electronics, information technology, computer technology and control technology, and is widely used in mechatronics equipment and production automation processes in various fields such as transportation, electric power, metallurgy, chemical industry and building materials. The main research object is electromechanical integration system, including actuator, controller, detection device, power device and transmission device. Based on modern control theory, modern detection technology, fault diagnosis technology and microcomputer technology, this major focuses on the design, manufacture and application of electromechanical integration system for detection, diagnosis, control and simulation. Postgraduates in this major mainly study mechanical engineering related knowledge, master electromechanical system integration technology based on computer information processing and automatic control theory, and engage in the research, development, application and teaching of electromechanical systems in the future.

Employment: Mechanical and electronic engineering is an engineering major, with a wide range of applications and relatively easy employment. Graduates can enter enterprises, scientific research institutes, government agencies, universities and other departments to engage in theoretical research, experimental testing, product development, technical management and other work in electromechanical system design, computer-aided design and manufacturing, electrical control, engineering design and development, control system design and so on. Specific to the region, mainly concentrated in the northeast, Shandong, Hubei, Jiangsu and other mechanically developed areas.

Research interests: organic control and automation, robotics, dynamic testing and fault diagnosis of mechanical systems, modern sensors and measurement and control technology, design and control of electromechanical products.

Recommended institutions: Beijing Institute of Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Zhejiang University, Shanghai University, Shandong University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Technology.

Vehicle Engineering —— A New Interdisciplinary Subject

Vehicle engineering was originally a major outside the professional catalogue of the Ministry of Education and was called "automobile engineering". Included in 1999 newly adjusted professional catalogue of the Ministry of Education. At present, more than 30 colleges and universities in China offer this major. As a highly applied specialty, vehicle engineering involves a wide range of technical aspects, involving power, control, electronics, computers, information, materials, energy and other disciplines, with interdisciplinary characteristics. Its development can promote and drive the development of related majors and promote the birth of new disciplines. It is a comprehensive specialty covering many high-tech fields.

Vehicle engineering majors include vehicle system power control, vehicle simulation, vehicle electronic control technology and electric vehicle technology. The specific choice depends on the candidates' own foundation and expertise. If you were originally a candidate studying vehicle engineering or internal combustion engine engineering, it is recommended to apply for vehicle system power control or vehicle simulation, which is relatively easy to do, but if you want to study hard, you'd better study for a doctorate and get re-employment. Candidates applying for the direction of vehicle electronic control technology had better have a solid electronic foundation, because in the future, the employment direction of this major has little to do with vehicles, and most of them are engaged in the work related to the control technology of a certain component. To apply for the technical direction of electric vehicles, candidates are required to have certain basic knowledge of power electronics, which is suitable for students majoring in motor control and electric power. Automobile fault diagnosis and detection used to be called "automobile application project" or "vehicle-mounted project", which is relatively unpopular, with a small number of applicants and relatively less competitive pressure in the examination.

In addition, because the vehicle engineering major involves a lot of knowledge about mechanical manufacturing, graduate students can also minor in mechanical design and manufacturing and its automation, material forming and control engineering, industrial design, process equipment and control engineering, mechanical engineering and its automation, electromechanical integration engineering and other related professional courses. Of course, the major also offers elective courses, such as English and computer skills, as well as opportunities for social practice, such as driving practice and production practice.

Gao, a graduate student in the Department of Automotive Engineering at Tsinghua University, said that the professional practice of graduate students majoring in vehicle engineering in the company is an important part of their professional study. In the production workshop, students feel the manufacturing and technological process of solid parts "zero distance", apply pure theoretical knowledge to practice and test their knowledge, thus forming a new system in their minds.

Employment: It is understood that after graduation, graduate students in this major can engage in the design, manufacturing, testing, application, research and automobile marketing related to automobile engineering, or engage in the development, manufacturing, testing, marketing, after-sales service and maintenance of vehicle products, and can also engage in the teaching and research of design and management of modern automobile enterprises, the editing and journalist work of various professional publications, and the modification, manufacturing and enterprise management of various professional vehicles. In many universities, the one-time employment rate of graduate students majoring in this major is as high as 100%.

Research interests: automobile performance testing and simulation, automobile electronic control technology, automobile traffic informatization, automobile CAD/CAE technology, network technology and its application in automobiles.

Recommended institutions: Jilin University, Tongji University, Tsinghua University, Beijing Institute of Technology, Southwest Jiaotong University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Chongqing University and Central South University.

A experienced person answered the question.

Therefore, I visited several graduate students who graduated from University of Science and Technology Beijing majoring in machinery, and interviewed them on issues such as mechanical postgraduate entrance examination and employment that candidates are generally concerned about. I hope that the experiences of people who have passed by can also provide some reference for candidates.

Q: What are the postgraduate courses in mechanical engineering? Is the admission score high?

A: Mechanical postgraduate subjects include politics, foreign languages, mathematics I and specialized courses. Different schools offer different specialized courses. Generally, there are disciplines such as mechanical design, theoretical mechanics, automatic control principle or mechanical principle. You can go to the website of the college you are applying for. Mechanical major belongs to engineering, and the national line is not high, and the admission line is much lower than that of popular majors such as management, architecture and computer.

Q: What are the employment prospects of graduate students majoring in mechanical engineering? It is said that automobiles and molds are the best direction for mechanical specialty. Is that so?

A: Some people say that machinery is a "panacea" and can be used everywhere. However, there are still differences in specific professional directions. For example, automobile or electromechanical engineering are all first-class majors, with first-class employment, first-class salary, first-class development prospects and high technical content. If you have a deep academic background and an advantage in employment, postgraduate entrance examination is a wise choice. Mould needs to accumulate more practical experience, and its development prospect is quite good. Students who study molds will be very helpful to find jobs if they learn UG, Pro/E and other professional software well at the undergraduate level.

Q: Few girls study mechanical engineering. Is the development prospect of female students majoring in mechanical engineering inferior to that of male students?

A: There are very few girls studying mechanical engineering, but if they have a solid professional foundation, they will also have a good way out. Girls can learn mechanics well as long as they don't feel hard. Because of the different emphasis of thinking, girls have their own advantages in the study of mechanical specialty. For example, girls are more careful, and some drawing work is often better than boys. In addition, management majors such as industrial engineering are also more suitable for girls. Girls majoring in mechanical engineering generally have two choices after graduation: one is to engage in technical work, and the other is to engage in management work. Many girls who started technical work eventually turned to management.

Q: The breakdown of mechanical specialty. Which is better, mechanical manufacturing, mechanical design or mechanical and electronic engineering? Can you elaborate on it?

A: If you don't have any special career plans or hobbies, it's better to choose mechatronics. It would be better if you could set foot in PLC, because its employment prospects are very attractive. Manufacturing and design are basically the same in employment. Mechanical manufacturing is developing in the direction of technology, and mechanical design is developing in the direction of R&D and design. Electromechanical integration is more flexible, and there are opportunities to do software.

Q: What are the employment advantages of mechanical major?

A: The mechanical specialty covers a wide range, and there are many industries that can be employed. Especially through graduate school, my knowledge is broader and my ability has been greatly improved. After graduation, you can enter the fields of automobile, information and automation. At the same time, students majoring in mechanical engineering have great room for further study. Most academicians of China Academy of Engineering come from the mechanical field, such as Fan, a respected mechanical scientist in China and former president of Huazhong University of Science and Technology.

Q: Where do most mechanical graduates work?

A: Some mechanical engineering graduates go to electromechanical high-tech companies, such as Siemens and Huatong Electromechanical Group. Some go to some large and medium-sized state-owned manufacturing enterprises, such as China General Nuclear Power Group Co., Ltd.; Others go to scientific research institutes, such as the Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences; Part of it flows to small and medium-sized private enterprises. Geographically, most of them are concentrated in large and medium-sized cities such as Beijing and Shanghai or coastal areas of Guangdong.

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