Educational Psychology: Cognitive Objectives of Bloom’s Classification of Teaching Objectives-2020 Tianjin Teacher Recruitment

The following is the article "Classification of Educational Objectives: Cognitive Domain" published by Bloom in 1956, which divided cognitive objectives into six levels from low to high. It is also a difficult point in teacher recruitment examinations in various cities. This article will help you organize each goal from three aspects: definition, summary and examples. I hope it can help you who are preparing for the exam.

1. Six levels of cognitive goals

1. Know (knowledge)

Refers to knowing and remembering. This level involves the identification of concrete or abstract knowledge and the recall of an idea or phenomenon in a form that is very close to the way the student originally encountered the idea or phenomenon.

Tips: Recall, remember, identify, list, define, state, present.

Example: Understand the basic conditions and processes of photosynthesis.

2. Comprehension

It refers to the understanding of things, but it does not require a deep understanding, but is preliminary and may be superficial. It includes "transformation", explanation, inference, etc.

Tips: illustrate, identify, describe, explain, differentiate, restate, summarize, compare.

Example: What role does photosynthesis play in biological growth.

3. Application

Refers to the application of learned concepts, rules, and principles. It requires learning to correctly apply abstract concepts to appropriate situations without specifying a problem-solving model. The application mentioned here is a preliminary direct application, rather than a comprehensive, analytical and comprehensive application of knowledge.

Tips: Application, demonstration, operation, practice, classification, examples, and solutions.

Example: Give an example of the photosynthesis process in plants.

4. Analysis

It refers to decomposing the material into its component parts, so as to make the relationship between concepts clearer and the organizational structure of the material clearer and detailed. Clarify basic theory and fundamental principles.

Tips: analyze, examine, experiment, organize, contrast, compare, identify, differentiate.

Example: The differences and reasons for plant photosynthesis at different times.

5. Synthesis

It is based on analysis, comprehensively processes the decomposed elements, and recombines them into a whole as required, so as to solve problems comprehensively and creatively . It involves activities such as distinctive expressions, formulating reasonable plans and implementable steps, and deducing certain rules based on basic materials. It emphasizes characteristics and originality and is a high-level requirement.

Tips: Compose, establish, design, develop, plan, support, systematize.

Example: Application of photosynthesis in production.

6. Evaluation

This is the highest level of educational goals in the cognitive field. The requirement at this level is not to make judgments based on intuitive feelings or observed phenomena, but to make a rational and profound persuasive judgment on the essential value of things. It integrates internal and external data and information to make a decision that is consistent with objective facts. infer.

Tips: evaluate, estimate, comment, identify, justify, defend, prove, predict, predict, support.

Example: The impact of photosynthesis on humans.

2. Example questions:

1. (Shandong, 2018) After learning the four arithmetic operations, students can go to a simulated store for self-service shopping. According to Bloom's classification of teaching objectives, this task belongs to ( ) in the classification of cognitive objectives.

A. Knowledge B. Comprehension C. Application D. Analysis

Answer: C. Students' practical application of the knowledge they have already understood is application.

2. In the classification of teaching objectives proposed by Bloom, the highest cognitive domain is ().

A. Knowledge B. Comprehensive C. Comprehension D. Evaluation

Answer: D. Analysis: The highest domain of cognition in the classification of teaching objectives proposed by Bloom in 1965 is evaluation.

3. Zhang Xiaoyu needs to search for information, design a plan, and apply the plan to solve a practical problem. The job requirements corresponding to this task are ( ).

A. Understand B. Apply C. Create D. Evaluate

Answer: C. Analysis: According to Bloom's 2001 revised classification of teaching objectives, designing plans and solving practical problems belong to the highest field of creation in the revised version.

Analysis