The process of Guangzhou new army uprising

When the League launched the southwest border uprising, some revolutionaries had joined the new army or various military schools and began to exercise the army, but the main force that the party relied on at that time was the League. After the failure of Hekou Uprising, they felt that the Party organization was disorganized and out of control, so they turned their attention to the New Army Movement. In Guangzhou, it was Zhu Zhixin who first planned to use camp defense to launch an uprising.

Later, Ge Qian, a member of the League, also went deep into Guangzhou to defend the camp and develop revolutionary organizations. In October of the 34th year (165438+ 10), Zhu Zhixin, Zhao Sheng and other people gathered together to plan to use the opportunity of the death of Emperor Guangxu and Empress Dowager Cixi one after another to launch an uprising by relying on the power that Ge Qian and others could master, but the plan failed because of leakage. Ni Yingdian came to Guangzhou shortly before this incident. In May and June of Xuantongyuan, leaders of Guangmeng, including Zhao Sheng, Zhu Zhixin, Ni Yingdian, Zhang Lu Village, Hu Yisheng, Chen Jiongming and Mo Jipeng, held a meeting, and decided that Ni Yingdian should contact the battalions of the New Army, Zhang Lu Village should contact the patrol battalion, and Hu Yisheng should contact the rural party. Zhao Sheng always succeeds. After August, Ni Yingdian, who was noticed by the Qing side, took time off to resign and specialized in launching a new army. After several months of hard work, the alliance has made great progress in the Guangzhou army, especially in the new army. At that time, the Guangdong New Army consisted of the first and second infantry regiments, the first and second artillery battalions, the first battalion of the trench, the first battalion of the engineers and the first battalion of the learning barracks. In addition to the second bidding and study camp, they are stationed in Tang Yan, a suburb in the northeast of Guangzhou. And the patrol of the 7 th battalion of the new army.

By this winter, many people from Guangzhou New Army had joined the League. In order to adapt to the development of the situation, the League established the Southern Branch in Hong Kong, as the general organ to command the Southern Revolution, with Hu as the branch minister, Wang Jingwei (1883- 1944) as the secretary, and Lin Zhimian as the accountant, and under the jurisdiction of various groups on salary increase, military, people and publicity. Soon, Ni Yingdian went to Hong Kong from Guangzhou to report on the new sports army. The Southern Branch invited Huang Xing, Tan Renfeng and Zhao Sheng to come to Hong Kong to "discuss big plans". On December 19th (1910 65438+129), Huang Xing arrived in Hong Kong to preside over the uprising. In order to ensure the victory of the uprising, Ni Yingdian not only stepped up the work of the new army, but also ordered Yao Yuping (1882- 1974) to contact the patrol camp in Zhanglu Village near the provincial capital and the people's army in Panyu, Nanhai and Shunde. On 26th, Ni Yingdian went to Hong Kong to report his work to the Southern Branch, and jointly agreed to launch an uprising around the Lunar Lantern Festival.

Unexpectedly, an accident happened in Guangzhou at this time: at noon on the 30th, Hu Yingyuan, a soldier of the 2nd Battalion, embroidered a stamp and a business card in front of the Chenghuang Temple and entrusted Hua, a soldier of the same battalion, to take it for him. Because of the price dispute, the police of the first bureau of the old city intervened and even used force to beat each other. Later, the police detained eight soldiers of the Forces nouvelles. The soldiers were very angry when the news reached the barracks. /kloc-more than 0/00 people surrounded the police station with weapons and claimed the detained soldiers. That night, Ni Yingdian learned that the situation was serious and went to Hong Kong to report to the Southern Branch, demanding an early challenge. After discussion, he decided to hold a charity event on the sixth day of the first month. However, after Ni left Guangzhou, the new army was in a spontaneous state of leaderless. When the detained soldiers returned to the camp, they talked about how rude the police were and insulted the brothers of the new army. Party soldiers were furious when they heard this. On the first day of the first month of the second year of Xuantong, they automatically brought weapons into the city, beat every policeman and destroyed several police stations. Yuan Shuxun, the governor of Guangdong Province, heard the news and ordered Wu Jin, the provost, and Zhang Peijue, the new army association, to stay put. On the same day, Zhang led the military and police to the Second Bid, gathered soldiers to talk, and secretly sent military and police to dismantle the guns of the battalions of the Second Bid, collect bullets, and transport them into the city from the back door; In order to prevent the incident, the second day of school was ordered not to have a holiday and soldiers were forbidden to go out. Party member of the First Standard and Artillery Battalion was very angry when he learned that the second standard bolt machine and bullets had been handed in. A well-known standard soldier who doesn't have a holiday rushed out of the gate the next morning, took guns and bullets from the association headquarters, ordnance room, Wujiang Hall and other places, and prepared for an immediate uprising. Ni Yingdian (1885- 19 10) was born in Hefei, Anhui. Guangxu entered the Anhui Military Training School in 30 years, re-entered the artillery school after graduation, and served as an officer of the artillery corps in the ninth town of Jiangnan New Army in 32 years, joining the League. Later, his revolutionary activities in the army were exposed, and he had to leave the army and go south. Because of Zhao Sheng, he was appointed as the second platoon leader of the right team of the Second Artillery Battalion of the New Army. Using this as a cover, we publicized the revolution and developed the organization to the lower officers and men through telling stories.