Problems in supply chain 1+x

Problems and Countermeasures in Enterprise Supply Chain Management

The development of network promotes the gradual development of e-commerce environment, thus promoting the changes of enterprise supply chain environment. With the development of e-commerce in China, supply chain management has become a problem that enterprises must face. What are the problems in supply chain management? How to solve it? Let's have a look!

1 Problems in supply chain management

1. 1 Logistics market chaos

There are many small-scale logistics enterprises in China, and compared with large-scale logistics enterprises, the management is relatively loose. In order to reduce the cost in the development process, large enterprises hand over the final solution of distribution to scattered logistics providers all over the country, which leads to problems such as damaged goods, poor service attitude and damaged consignee's interests, which disrupts the order of logistics market.

1.2 professionals are extremely scarce.

High-end logistics management talents are very scarce in China, and now logistics personnel are only at the bottom of logistics-handling, transportation and express delivery. The key to the difficulty in making progress in the development of China's logistics industry lies in the lack of high-end talents who can make overall plans.

1.3 Low level of informatization in China

With the rapid development of the Internet, if logistics enterprises can't establish an effective supply chain management information system and transmit information quickly and efficiently, it will greatly reduce the speed of feedback information, thus reducing efficiency, forcing customers' satisfaction to decline, and eventually leading to the reduction and loss of customers.

1.4 Inadequate protection of consumer rights and interests.

With the progress of society, although the professional division of supply chain management is becoming more and more detailed, the system of responsibility to people has not been achieved. When consumers' rights and interests are infringed, they cannot be fully protected. For example, in the process of logistics distribution, consumers' information has not been fully respected and protected. For another example, if the goods are lost or damaged in the distribution process, the interests of consumers cannot be guaranteed.

1.5 corresponding department management issues

The logistics industry in China is managed and restricted by many departments, which is much more than that of foreign enterprises. Compared with the unified management of a foreign department, all departments in China can manage it, but there is no unified standard for unified implementation. Usually, different departments implement different standards. Repeated management does not bring efficiency and convenience, but limits the rapid development of enterprises.

Lack of application of 1.6 new technology

On a global scale, the application of new logistics technologies (laser technology, coded address identification technology, wireless even 3G communication technology, radio frequency identification technology, PLC control technology, new generation infrared detection technology, new generation power supply technology, etc.). ) and advanced equipment is mainly concentrated in developed countries, such as Europe. China lacks the use of these advanced technologies.

2 Supply chain management problems and countermeasures

2. 1 Strengthening internal management of enterprises

In the process of developing supply chain management, one is that enterprises use employees in the whole distribution process and adopt direct sales model. Although the cost of enterprises is high, customer satisfaction and service quality are guaranteed.

On the other hand, after joining the company, it is necessary to strictly examine franchisees and choose partners who can provide quality services and meet customer needs, so as to achieve a win-win effect.

2.2 Strengthen personnel training

Aiming at the problems existing in modern supply chain management, we should vigorously cultivate the professionals needed for logistics management in China. Strengthen the practical ability of cultivating talents, let them enter enterprises in a down-to-earth manner, and realize that enterprises need professional knowledge in supply chain management. In the process of enterprise development, it is necessary to strengthen internal staff training, continuously meet the talent demand of enterprise reform, development and transformation, and inject vitality into enterprise development.

2.3 Strengthen information construction

From the perspective of the development of logistics enterprises, in order to promote the further development of supply chain management, it is necessary to continuously develop into electronization, informationization and intelligence. In order to realize informatization, enterprises must carry out network construction, either by their own investment or alliance. However, no matter which way enterprises choose in the development of supply chain management, they need to put information construction in the first place. Only by establishing an efficient information system can we promote the rapid development of enterprises more rationally.

2.4 Strengthen the protection of consumers' rights and interests

First, a series of administrative regulations involving various consumer rights and interests have been promulgated, so that there are laws to follow and laws to be followed. Second, from the perspective of enterprises, enterprises should pay attention to the confidentiality of consumer information. We should also pay attention to protecting consumers' privacy in ordinary distribution work. Third, consumers should pay attention to protecting their information.

2.5 Optimize department management

First, integrate all departments involved in the logistics industry into a unified department, learn from foreign logistics industries, and use one department to manage the logistics industry. Second, the formulation of standards should be unified with international logistics standards, and the construction of logistics standardization in China should be accelerated continuously. Only by establishing new standards, eliminating old standards and integrating with international standards can we promote the rapid development of China's logistics industry. Third, give full play to the intermediary role of the association. The association should strengthen cooperation with the government, play its own intermediary role, and assume the social responsibility of promoting the development of the logistics industry.

2.6 Promotion and application of new technologies

The government should increase investment in new logistics technologies, and enterprises should actively introduce laser technology, coded address identification technology, wireless and even 3G communication technology, radio frequency identification technology, PLC control technology, new generation infrared detection technology and new generation power supply technology. Only by constantly using new technologies can we improve the level of automation, informatization and electronization of enterprises.

Supply chain management of e-commerce enterprises

In the eyes of ordinary users, Amazon is a very bullish e-commerce. In fact, Amazon is not only an e-commerce giant, but also an excellent logistics company. Since 20 15 Amazon Logistics+was officially put into operation in China, it has won the favor of some e-commerce, among which there are many rising e-commerce stars like Netease koala.

But do you know who is the biggest customer of Amazon Logistics+in China at present? It is a micro-store, a new e-commerce enterprise established only two years ago. It is reported that it is not only the biggest customer of Amazon Logistics+in China, but also the biggest customer of SF Express in logistics and warehousing cooperation. It seems difficult for e-commerce companies to balance cost and quality by choosing a third party as a logistics provider. However, the micro-shops in the market have found their own ways to cope with management, helping their businesses to grow rapidly and become the biggest customers of third-party logistics service providers.

Logistics is the core part of e-commerce supply chain.

In recent years, the advanced concept of supply chain management has been deeply rooted in people's hearts, and e-commerce companies are no exception. A few years ago, JD.COM surpassed Suning and became a new leader in the digital home appliance retail industry. In addition to adapting to the general trend of consumer habits shifting from offline to online, the most important and fundamental factor is the success of supply chain management.

20 15 CEO Liu said in his speech that JD.COM. COM's inventory turnover days are 35 days, while competitors' inventory turnover days generally stay at 60 to 70 days, and its operational efficiency is twice as high. From this perspective, JD. COM's victory is not due to pure luck, but the embodiment of comprehensive strength.

A few days of inventory turnover means that the use of funds is efficient, and a larger business volume can be completed with less funds, which is particularly important for an enterprise to maintain a healthy cash flow. Many enterprises did not die of losses, but were forced to shut down under the break of the capital chain. For the deepest experience, I think it is those startups that once had a good time, but eventually died suddenly. Of course, less inventory turnover days also means that the overall operating cost of enterprises is much lower than that of competitors, and efficiency is often linked to benefits. The operating cost of enterprises is lower than the average level of the same industry, which shows that they have strong competitiveness.

In the supply chain of e-commerce enterprises, there is no manufacturing link, only distribution link, so besides supplier relationship, its core is basically warehousing and logistics. To some extent, the supply chain of e-commerce can even be equated with logistics management, which is also the key to determining each performance cost. Especially for fast-moving consumer goods and fresh products, the single performance cost has been high, which makes it difficult for e-commerce to improve the penetration rate in these two fields in a short time.

In the past two years, the rapid rise of social e-commerce has gathered micro-stores, and has also found a way in logistics management. Ji Yun Micro-store successfully reduced the inventory turnover days to an average of only 30 days by virtue of its selection+sale mode and efficient and orderly management ability. This data is in the forefront of the e-commerce industry. You know, the average data of Wal-Mart and Amazon is 40-45 days, which is better than the previous 35 days in JD.COM. Of course, this turnover day is also related to the sales model of centralized selection and sale. However, it is undeniable that the strong management ability gathered in the supply chain makes it possible to move products faster and gradually reduce operating costs.

The importance of logistics management to e-commerce is self-evident. If logistics cost and service quality cannot be well managed, e-commerce enterprises will fall into cost dilemma, or lead to user dissatisfaction and affect business development.

The logistics dispute has gradually ended, and the third party has become a trend.

There is a long-standing dispute about whether e-commerce adopts logistics self-management or third-party service providers. In his early years, Ma Yun laughed at JD.COM. COM's self-operated logistics is a tedious business, and it is believed that the self-operated logistics model will not go far. But looking back now, it is Liu's independent and self-operated logistics that has built his own core competitiveness and will bring it to a new height. Ali later actively promoted the logistics project of rookie network and entered the logistics service market in another way.

But overall, the proportion of e-commerce companies adopting third-party logistics is still high.

The reason is also very simple: on the one hand, the initial investment of self-built warehousing logistics is very high and the payback period is very long. Hundreds of millions, billions or even billions of investments are beyond the reach of ordinary enterprises. Last year, many fresh e-commerce companies closed down, and many of them spent a lot of money on their own logistics, leading to the break of the capital chain. On the other hand, although the cost can be reduced in the long run, the premise is that it needs to reach a certain scale, that is, the expected cost reduction may not be achieved after completion.

Give a failure case of self-built logistics. Fresh e-commerce delicious Qiqi invested in a central warehouse of tens of thousands of square meters in Shanghai and built its own cold chain logistics. At the same time, it has established 40 stores as transit points between cold chain vehicles and retail distribution. A lot of money has been invested, but the business volume has not kept up. Self-built logistics has not become a sharp weapon to improve competitiveness, but has become a heavy burden to crush yourself.

Adam Smith, the father of economics, believes that social division of labor promotes the development of market economy, and the larger the market, the deeper the division of labor. In fact, the development of the telephone service market in recent years also illustrates this point. In the past, e-commerce sellers usually built their own warehouses and only subcontracted express delivery to express delivery companies. Nowadays, with the improvement of products and services of third-party warehousing logistics service providers, more and more e-commerce companies abandon the asset-oriented model of self-built warehousing and turn to third-party overall solutions. For example, poly-cost-effective means to make full use of the existing facilities and resources of third-party service providers and quickly deploy logistics networks nationwide at a lower cost. At present, it has seven warehouses in China, which will be expanded to 65,438+00 this year to better serve users. This light asset model is just the opposite of delicious Qiqi, and their development fate is just completely different. Delicious Qiqi closed down last year, while Ji Yun Micro Store entered the fast lane of development, with monthly revenue exceeding 300 million yuan.

Even self-operated e-commerce platforms, such as Amazon and JD.COM, are gradually opening their own logistics services to the society. In the short term, it is to revitalize idle productivity, and in the long term, it is aimed at the huge market of logistics services and even the whole supply chain.