What is the employment situation of Jianhuan now? Is it necessary to take the postgraduate entrance examination?

Overview of the future employment situation of building environment and equipment engineering specialty (transferred from HVAC recruitment network)

According to the survey of HVAC recruitment network, the specialty of building environment and equipment engineering \ HVAC engineering is one of the specialties with strong demand in the future. The survey results of this website show that air-conditioning and refrigeration personnel rank 12 among the top 20 popular occupations in market demand.

Refrigeration and air conditioning are hot jobs in many countries. For example, refrigeration and air conditioning technicians in Australia face the shortage of talents in the country and have the best employment prospects. In recent years, it has been listed as an occupation in short supply of immigrants, and refrigeration and air conditioning technicians who are older or have just worked and have no work experience can immigrate to Australia.

The employment destination is mainly to work in the engineering or power sector of enterprises and institutions. Can be engaged in engineering design, intelligent management, equipment development, agency and other work in design institutes, building environment equipment engineering companies, real estate development companies, urban property management companies, gas companies and government urban planning departments. You can also engage in research and teaching in relevant scientific research and teaching units.

The employment distribution ratio of graduates of this major is as follows:

Foreign-funded enterprises: 38%

State-owned enterprises: 27%

Private enterprises: 15%

Organization: 1 1%

Government agencies: 8%

Freelancer: 1%

Leng Xia is hot in winter in most parts of China, and the demand for air conditioners is large. Therefore, the professional employment market of building environment and equipment engineering is broad. Green building, energy-saving building, ecological building, sustainable building, building energy consumption, building energy h4R"N(WO

At present, the main employment direction of this major is:

Design: HVAC system design of architectural design unit, refrigeration and air conditioning equipment engineering company, water supply and drainage engineering design of building; Equipment design of refrigeration and air conditioning equipment manufacturing enterprises.

Cost budget: HVAC, building water supply and drainage project budget and final accounts and installation project bidding. TopEnergy building energy saving &; Green building forum R%X? 1mQ'A"o

Construction organization and management: organization and management of HVAC, building water supply and drainage and building electrical engineering of building installation engineering company (including building fire engineering company).

Engineering supervision: quality inspection of equipment installation by quality inspection departments (quality supervision bureau and inspection station) and supervision of installation engineering supervision company; Operation and management: yes: 1 advanced commercial buildings, hotels, office buildings, airport halls, postal buildings, hospital treatment rooms and other civil buildings; 2 pharmaceutical factories, cigarette factories, textile factories, airplanes, automobiles, shipyards, refrigeration plants and other industrial buildings; 3. Operation and management of construction equipment of the property management company;

Sales and management: sales and management of products (central air conditioning and small central air conditioning equipment) of refrigeration and air conditioning equipment engineering company. Green building, energy-saving building, ecological building, sustainable building, building energy consumption, building energy saving | Ye \a)D

The professional qualifications that this major can obtain in the future include: registered public equipment engineer (national survey and design registered HVAC engineer) and registered supervision engineer.

Seeing that many friends are very concerned about the income level of this industry, I will deconstruct the income level of our industry from the perspective of a newcomer. I worked for several years, from the earliest research institute to the later compressor manufacturers, sales, technical support and foreign engineering companies of central air-conditioning manufacturers. For reference only. There will be inaccuracies.

Generally speaking, the income level of this industry is not high.

The first one is a design institute. As a fresh graduate, I am very lucky to be admitted by some famous design institutes. Although the income level is not high, it is about 1000 at the beginning, but it is very relaxed and the foundation is good. After several years of training, when you start to take over large-scale projects independently, there will be a lot of extra income, in short, it will be easy. The income is slightly lower at first, and it is moderate after a few years. The older you get, the more fragrant you get. Like a designer in his fifties in the Ministry of Electronic Industry I know, he has a private car and a villa.

The second is an engineering company. Unless you are a domestic contractor, as a newcomer, your income is low and you work hard. But exercise the most. Because the design of foreign engineering companies is also general contracting, different types of income are different: 1) The income level of ordinary newcomers in Taiwan Province Province and Hong Kong will not exceed 2,000 yuan, and most of them are 1500 yuan (Shanghai area). The income level of the next level city may be reduced by one level. The old one is around 3000.

Companies in Europe, America, Japan and South Korea. I have been to TKS (Atmospheric Society) in Japan. It will be very hard and often work overtime, but I will work overtime with you. Generally, the income in January is about 6000. Gaosha, Hitachi, Atmospheric Society, Shimizu, Samsung, Hyundai, Dalim and other well-known Japanese and Korean air-conditioning general contracting companies. Although hard, the income is high. And it's very exercise. However, the degree of localization is generally low and there are few domestic employees.

I am from Shanghai, and there are many conclusions about salary in Shanghai in the post. I'll be honest here. .

Because my classmates are all graduate students, the following is the salary of our classmates' graduate students.

Shanghai Huadong Hospital-

Year 1 ~ 2: basic salary 1800, monthly bonus of 2000. Each project has a commission, which is about 1% of the total design fee. Participants are divided into more masters, and the annual bonus of/kloc-0 is about 1 5000 (the advance bonus has been filled in).

The second income is more than 60 thousand.

The third year: salary plus bonus of 70,000, gray income of 20,000 and annual income of 90,000.

The fifth year: salary plus bonus is 6,543,800 yuan, gray income is 30,000 yuan, and annual income is 6,543,800 yuan.

Shanghai Institute of Civil Affairs-

About 85% of East China University. My classmate has worked for 5 years, and now her annual income is about 1 10000 (2003).

Shanghai Institute of Light Industry-

Just entered 1200. I have many industrial projects and have worked for 5 years. Now my annual income is about 80,000 yuan (in 2003).

Shanghai Underground Design Institute-

After working for five years, I now earn about 654.38 million yuan (in 2003).

Shanghai Institute of Nuclear Engineering Design and Research-

Now I have worked for five years, and it is about 70 thousand a year (2003).

Shanghai Municipal Committee-

After working for five years, I now earn about 654.38 million yuan (in 2003).

Shanghai Municipal Committee-

After working for five years, I now earn about 654.38 million yuan (in 2003).

Shanghai civil defense foundation survey institute

Those who have worked for five years now earn about 6.5438+0.3 million yuan (in 2003).

Tongji university architecture design research institute

After working for five years, I now earn about 654.38 million yuan (in 2003).

Yaxin engineering consulting co., ltd

Now I have worked for five years, and it is about 80 thousand a year (2003).

Operator sales

Just entered the company, the basic salary is 2500. That buddy has worked for five years and is the richest one. He does business with his classmates. Last year, I heard that there were 200,000.

Daikin technology

The most depressing thing is that the salary is 2600, 13 months' salary, and the bonus is equivalent to 4 months' salary.

Design institute-

About 50 thousand or so

Bama Dana consulting company

Including overtime, I got about 70 thousand last year

Baicheng-design

Including overtime, I got about 70 thousand last year

Teacher-(University)

I took about 35 thousand last year

The same is true for engineering design companies in Europe and America, with a very low degree of localization, but it is also the most comfortable choice for our industry. It is almost impossible to enter these companies as a newcomer. Unless you have worked in a famous design institute for more than ten or eight years, you can master a foreign language! The income level of European and American engineering companies is generally 10 thousand a month. Generally, there are branches in Shanghai, Beijing and Suzhou. I know a female designer who works as a full-time HVAC designer in a famous design company in the United States, with a monthly salary of about 80 thousand!

The third piece is the factory. In a factory, the average income is about 2,000 yuan, even if a multinational company wants to open York, it is almost the same. Senior design engineer's words may be higher York once offered 6000 yuan to recruit people.

Computer room air conditioning is the highest income level in manufacturing industry, and the general after-sales service level is around 6000. The sales volume is around 5000. No commission. But there is a bonus. But most of them are made by agents in Hong Kong. Better ones like libert, Denco, APC, etc.

Home central air conditioning is the general agent of foreign trade companies in China (Jim of Goodman, he is the agent of Timex foreign companies in the United States, Rem of Xilinx in Shanghai, etc. , about 5000 yuan), but the income is not high. Generally, domestic companies have about 1000 new salespeople, and their business expenses are also strictly controlled, which is not easy to do. Several foreign countries, Trane, York and Daikin, generally cost 2000 yuan. There is a certain commission, the task is tight and the pressure is great. It's easy to get fired, and the average annual income is around 30 thousand to 40 thousand. There are about twice as many old employees.

Finally, the sales of central air conditioners. Relatively high, such as York, Trane, McQually, Carrier, RC, Dunha nm-Bush, mitsubishi electric/Heavy Industry, Daikin, etc. Generally, they are 2000 newcomers, but I heard that an office in the central part of York last month offered a new low of 1000, and all of them got a certain commission. Not tall. Generally, the annual income of newcomers is around 30,000. Business expenses are very loose. The old employees are much better. Like York, the opening can be 80 thousand to 90 thousand a year. Office managers are generally around 10,000 yuan. The income of any staff in the headquarters is very high, and those with official titles will be around 10 thousand yuan. The degree of localization is very high. Generally speaking, foreigners are basically eliminated, and Trane and York are better, that is, there are no foreigners with double digits, and most of them are from Hong Kong and Taiwan provinces. General foreign language can read materials, bachelor degree in HVAC major, and one year working experience has the opportunity.