A detailed introduction to the Olympic Forest Park?

Beijing Olympic Park Olympic Park is located at the northern end of the city's central axis, on the edge of the North Fourth Ring Road, Beichen Bridge. Total area 1 135 hectares, divided into three areas, with 680 hectares of forest park at the northern end; Central area (Area B), with an area of 29 1 hectare, which is the construction area of main venues and supporting facilities; 1 14 hectares, the southern end is the built venue area and reserved land, and China National Park is also included in the Olympic Park. Relying on the Asian Games venues and supporting facilities, the Olympic Park has convenient transportation, concentrated population, good municipal infrastructure and complete commercial and cultural supporting services. The planning of the Olympic Park will focus on the long-term development of the city and the needs of citizens' material and cultural life, and make it a public activity center that integrates sports competitions, conferences and exhibitions, cultural entertainment and leisure shopping, with open space, surrounded by green space and beautiful environment, and can provide multi-functional services. The central area of the Olympic Park is located at the end of Beijing's north central axis, covering an area of 3 15 hectares, which is an extension of the traditional central axis of the city and a continuation of China's Millennium history and culture. It embodies the three concepts of "science and technology, green and humanity" and is a new urban area with multiple functions such as office, business, hotel, culture and sports, conference and residence. The region has a good energy base and a transportation network extending in all directions. The central area of the Olympic Park is the main venue for hosting the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games. It has the largest urban artificial water system in Asia, the largest urban greening landscape in Asia, the most open pedestrian plaza in the world and the longest underground traffic ring in Asia. Entrusted by the Beijing Municipal Government, Beijing Xinao Group Co., Ltd. is currently responsible for the construction of supporting facilities for the Olympic project in the central area of the Olympic Park, including underground traffic connecting passage project, underground garage, underground space and sunken garden, central axis pavement, dragon-shaped water system, central axis tree array, landscape greening, planning 1-6 Road, broadcast tower, Olympic parking lot, Niangniang Temple greening, underground excavation passage, etc.1.

Venue scale

The Olympic Park is located in the north of the North Fourth Ring Road. The specific scope is from the south bank of Qinghe River in the north, the middle road of North Fourth Ring Road in the south, Anli Road and Beichen East Road in the east, and Cui Lin Road and Beichen West Road in the west. Forest Park covers an area of 680 hectares and National Sports Center covers an area of 405 hectares, totaling 65,438+0,085 hectares. They belong to Datun Township and Wali Township in Chaoyang District, Beijing respectively. In 2008, the Olympic Sports Center will extend to the south and reach the Metropolitan Garden, and Cao Bali will disappear completely. According to the plan, Yangfang, Wali Village, West Xiaqinghe, East Xiaqinghe, Wang Jiacun, Guanxizhuang, Jiujiangkou, Beigou Nihe, Nangou Nihe, Yangshan Village, Wabian Village and Longwangtang in Wali Township; North Ding Cun, Tiger Temple, Leopard House and Crossroads in Datun Township have become the land acquisition targets of Beijing Olympic Park.

Venue facilities

Located at the northern end of the central axis of the city, Beijing Olympic Park covers an area of about 12 15 hectares, including 760 hectares of forest and green land, 50 hectares of China National Museum and 405 hectares of exhibition halls, stadiums and Olympic Village. The Olympic Park is the center of hosting the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. It has 44% of the Olympic venues and most of the facilities serving the Olympic Games. These facilities include: * * There are 14 competition venues, which can hold 15 events. Among them, four competition venues are located in the exhibition hall. Olympic Village: It covers an area of 80 hectares, with a construction area of about 470,000 square meters (apartment 360,000 square meters, others 1 10000 square meters), and can accommodate 16000 athletes, coaches and their entourage, adjacent to major competition venues. The Olympic Village is divided into residential areas and international areas, with a beautiful, comfortable, convenient, quiet and safe environment. Journalist Village: It covers an area of 30 hectares with a building area of about 400,000 square meters. Journalists can reach the competition venues in the park in less than 6 minutes.

Venue history

From the planning study of Beijing in the early 1980s, the site selection of the Olympic Park (then known as the National Sports Center) began to consider the north central axis of Beijing, and later there was controversy before the declaration. Some people object to the site selection of the North City, and suggest using Eucalyptus in the South City, that is, the site selection is at the southeast corner of the Southeast Fourth Ring Road and the Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan Expressway or Yizhuang. These opinions are as follows: First, the site selection area of the north central axis used to be a large area of forests and green spaces. Because the wind direction in Beijing is northwest wind for half a year, after several years of construction, it will bring a lot of dust to Chaoyang District (including CBD business center), Dongcheng District and even the city center (especially the northeast region), and even the economic and technological development zone, and the air quality will be reduced. Second, both sides of the Northeast Fourth Ring Road are already crowded. If the two huge magnetic fields of the Olympic Sports Center and the International Convention and Exhibition Center are put together again, it will seriously increase the traffic load and make matters worse. Third, Chaoyang District has planned a commercial center, and planning a convention and exhibition center here may lead to repeated construction. Fourthly, putting the National Sports Center in Cheng Nan can "develop the southern part of Beijing" and balance the gap between the rich and the poor in Beijing.

In line with Beijing's overall urban planning, we can take the Olympic Games as an opportunity to develop and build the northern part of the city's central axis, and form a new city public activity center and a new city image. The plot is located at the junction of downtown area and green isolation belt with beautiful environment. The venues are highly concentrated, close to other facilities related to hosting the Olympic Games, and easy to contact. The main express ring roads in the city-the Fourth Ring Road and the Fifth Ring Road pass through the park with convenient transportation. The surrounding urban construction areas are basically formed, and the infrastructure is relatively perfect. The surrounding area is densely populated and has complete supporting facilities, which is conducive to post-games use (see the Solicitation for Planning and Design of Beijing Olympic Park).

Venue location

200 1, Eucalyptus urophylla was selected as the main venue of the Olympic Games, and it was successful, which at least shows that the decision to choose the north city was successful in bidding for the Olympic Games. In the middle of the following year, the "Collection of Eucalyptus for International Planning of Beijing Olympic Park" continued to adhere to the Eucalyptus in the North City, taking this area north of the central axis as the base. Since then, the Olympic Park, located between the Fourth Ring Road and the Fifth Ring Road at the northern end of Beijing's central axis, has become the main venue of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games (the planned total land area is about 1 135 hectares, including the central axis, forest park, Yuandadu Ruins Park and the Olympic Central District. Among them, the northern part of the Olympic Central District includes exhibition facilities, cultural facilities, commercial service facilities, athletes' villages, underground parking facilities, public green spaces and squares, and sports facilities: the National Stadium for 80,000 people, the National Gymnasium for/kloc-0.8 million people, the National Swimming Center for/kloc-0.5 million people, and the Olympic Park Archery. The southern part of the Olympic Center includes the original Asian Games sports facilities, the newly-built tennis center and hockey field. ), and the Eucalyptus grandis in the north city has gradually shown outstanding advantages in embodying the blending of Olympic culture and Beijing's urban history.

alpine ash

In a mysterious lake, the 2.3-kilometer-long "Millennium Ancient Road" slowly sinks, and a lush green ridge is firmly pressed on the axis in the distance, which is quite charming from Jingshan, an ancient city in Beijing, to the Forbidden City. The "Millennium Ancient Road" is designed with the commemorative symbols of Chinese civilization from the Three Emperors and Five Emperors to the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. The lake at its end and the Olympic Canal on the east side of the axis form a huge waterspout, which echoes the waterspouts on the west side of the central axis of Shichahai and Zhongnanhai, the ancient city of Beijing, forming a symmetrical layout. In this way, the central axis of Beijing, which has been extended to 26 kilometers, has become a whole that integrates humanities and mountains and rivers. An oblique axis composed of the Asian Games venues, the National Stadium and the Sports Heroes Park intersects with the "Millennium Ancient Road" in a giant square and extends to the majestic Yanshan Mountains. "Axis of Achievements of Human Civilization" —— Winners of the first prize of Eucalyptus in Beijing Olympic Park Planning, Welissa Gonzaga Foundation Company of the United States and Tianjin Hua Hui Engineering Architectural Design Co., Ltd. explain their understanding of China culture in Eucalyptus, a partner. In the solicitation of the planning and design scheme of Beijing Olympic Park, this eucalyptus grandis, which was recommended as the first prize by 13 judges from 7 countries, has been basically determined as the basis for the implementation of eucalyptus grandis, marking a key step in China's largest blueprint for the construction of sports facilities. The Olympic movement has recorded the overture of the oriental charm, and the symphony that is spinning higher and higher can also be heard. 1. Interconnected underground structure engineering 1. The total investment of the underground passage of the underground communication channel is about11000000 yuan (about11070000 yuan per extended kilometer on average). The designed amount of reinforcement is 87,700 tons, and the amount of concrete is 3,265,438+200,000 cubic meters. The main structure is arranged underground of Nanyi Road, Hubin East Road, Beiyi Road and Jingxi Road, with a total length of 9.9 kilometers, of which the main passage is 4.5 kilometers long, connecting the underground business, underground garage, subway and buildings into an interconnected underground public space. The deepest relative elevation of the underground passage is about-18.0m, most of them are about-13.0m, and the clearance of the main section is/kloc-0 12.25mX3.5m The passage adopts a one-way three-lane counterclockwise traffic organization mode, with three exits 13 and entrances/kloc-0 connecting with municipal roads. 90cm anti-floating graded steel slag165,000 tons is paved at the bottom of the passage, and the total thickness of pavement structure is 44cm, including 3cm modified asphalt, 5cm medium asphalt concrete and 36cm lime fly ash steel slag. The top of the passage is painted, and the side walls are decorated with fireproof boards. The underground passage is equipped with ventilation system, fire fighting system, personnel escape system, water supply and drainage system, lighting system, monitoring system, etc. 2. Underground Garage Project The underground garage project has a total construction area of 37,800 square meters, of which the above-ground construction area is 1.200 square meters, the underground area is 36,600 square meters, and the underground floor is 4.5 meters high and 3.8 meters high. The number of motor vehicles parked is 1037, including 523 vehicles parked on the first floor and 5 14 vehicles parked on the second floor. Total construction area of underground monitoring center1675m2. The first floor underground is 5.5 meters high. It consists of Chengfu Road Traffic Monitoring Center, Underground Passage Traffic Monitoring Center and Central Ground Landscape Control Center. The underground garage started in June 2005 and was officially capped on June 23, 2006. 3. The planned construction land area of underground space and sunken garden underground commercial buildings is 14.35 hectares, with a total construction area of 240,300 square meters; The number of underground motor vehicles is 13 18, and the number of underground bicycles is 3597. The business consists of three parts: the fourth part is south of Datun Road and west of Sunken Garden, and the underground part to the west of the fourth part is a commercial and underground garage; To the south of Datun Road and to the east of Sunken Garden is the second section of commerce; To the north of Datun Road and to the east of Sunken Garden is the third commercial section; North of Datun Road and west of Sunken Garden, there is a business district ⅴ. Section 1 business: basement 1, local basement 2. The north side is connected with the subway station in the central area and the large-capacity bus interchange station in Datun Road, and the second floor underground in the west side is connected with the underground crossing in the conference center area, which is convenient for people to use. This building is 6 meters high. Section 2 Commerce: Two floors underground. Commercial content: main shops, department stores, restaurants, cinemas, fitness and leisure centers, small shops, supermarkets and other commercial facilities, with a building height of 6 meters; Section III Commerce: The first floor is underground, with a height of 5 meters. Start catering, small businesses, etc. Ⅳ Business: basement 1, 6 meters high, including shops, landscape toilets and property houses. Section 5 Commerce: There are three floors underground, with a height of 5 meters, which are mainly used for office and equipment in the park. The underground business started earthwork construction at the end of June 2006, and the structure construction began in June 2006, and the structure was capped on February 28, 2006. The total amount of steel bars is 6 1 1,000 tons, and the total amount of concrete is 3 1 1,000 cubic meters. Second, the unique landscape system has a planned total land area of 975,200 square meters. Among them, the important landscape area is 868,700 square meters. The green area is 389,600 square meters, accounting for 40%; Dragon water system area183,800 square meters, accounting for18.8%; Road square covers an area of 4001.8 million square meters, accounting for 4 1.2%. 1. Axle paving area is 398,000 square meters, with a total length of 2.4 kilometers and a width of160m. Among them, the central axis avenue and square are paved with stone, with a paved area of169,000 square meters; Water permeable bricks are laid in the tree array area, covering an area of 6.5438+0.34 million square meters. Underground pipelines include rainwater, sewage, water supply, reclaimed water, direct drinking water, electricity, telecommunications, weak electricity, lighting and rainwater collection systems. 2. Dragon water system project runs through the Olympic Center. The dragon-shaped water system is about 2.7 kilometers long, with a water surface width of 200 ~ 125m, a total water surface area of 183m square meters and a water depth of 0.6 ~1.2m. There are many water features such as musical fountains and dynamic fountains. There is a treatment station at the northern end, and the water is transported to the southern end through channels. The water level is high in the south and low in the north, with a height difference of 2.6m The water flows back to the treatment station by itself and is connected by connecting pipes. The riverbed is divided into: hard riverbed-natural riverbed on the east and south sides of the main stadium-soft riverbed on the upper part of underground space-on the north side of Datun Road. 3. Axis Tree Array The axis landscape avenue in the Olympic Park is the northern end of the Beijing axis, and the green space and tree array are gradually arranged continuously, which makes the natural sense of the forest park and the modern sense of the bird's nest form a harmonious transition. Axis tree is 2.4Km long and 100m wide. There are 9 species of designed seedlings with 2,942 * * plants, including 554 ginkgo trees with D20 ~ 25 cm on both sides of axis road. Include Ginkgo biloba, Pinus tabulaeformis, Populus tomentosa, Sophora japonica, steamed bread willow, Fraxinus microphylla, Luan tree, Acer truncatum, begonia, etc. Up to now, 2 133 plants have been bred. 4. Landscape Greening Project The landscape greening project includes a leisure area on the north side, a natural garden on the east side, and a four-ring connecting green belt, which provides a modern, comfortable and elegant rest environment and pleasant landscape, and constitutes the largest urban greening landscape in Asia with a 680-hectare forest park. The leisure park covers an area of 10.8 hectares, which is the transition section where the end of the central axis meets the forest park. The flow of people in this area is relatively small, and the design of landscape vegetation highlights the harmony between man and nature. It is a natural, cultural and ecological leisure garden in the central area of the Olympic Park. Up to now, greening planting has been basically completed. The East Coast Nature Park covers an area of 6.3 hectares, and the horizontal direction corresponds to the central axis. The venues are interwoven and connected with each other through flexible forms, giving people a novel and changeable sense of space. Some seasonal flowers and shrubs during the Olympic Games were used at the waterside to highlight the color landscape of the waterside. Up to now, greening planting has been basically completed. The four-ring junction zone covers an area of 6.5 hectares and is the link between the central area and other areas of the city. The main landscape form is greening. The main theme is prominent, and the large area is simple, planted in the forest. Up to now, greening planting has been basically completed.

main building

1. Introduction to the National Stadium (Bird's Nest) The National Stadium is one of the landmark buildings of the Olympic Park, located on the east side of the central axis and on the west side of the dragon-shaped landscape water system. It is located on both sides of the central axis, with the National Swimming Center and the National Gymnasium. The national stadium base covers an area of 78,000m2 and has a permanent warm-up site with a 400-meter runway. The total construction area is about 260,000 ㎡, with 80,000 permanent seats and 20,000 temporary seats, and the building height is about 68 meters. 2. Introduction to the National Gymnasium The National Gymnasium is one of the three major venues in Beijing Olympic Park, located in the south of the central area of the Olympic Park. The planned construction land is about 6.87 hectares, and the main building is close to the central axis of the city, which is in balance with the National Stadium. The building area is about 80,000 ㎡ and the building height is about 40 meters. It is the largest multifunctional sports, fitness and leisure center with international advanced level in Beijing. 3. Introduction of National Swimming Center (Water Cube) The National Swimming Center is located in the south of the central area of Beijing Olympic Park, with a planned construction land of about 6.29 hectares, a total construction area of about 80,000 ㎡ and a building height of 3 1 m. 4. Introduction to the Convention and Exhibition Center The Convention and Exhibition Center is located in the central area of the Olympic Park, on the west side of the central axis of the city. The planned construction land is about 12.2 hectares, with a total construction scale of about 260,000 ㎡ and a building control height of 60 meters. Linglong Pagoda Linglong Pagoda is located in the middle of the central area of the Olympic Park, connected to the central axis landscape avenue in the west, the stadium north road in the north and the national stadium training ground in the east. The design of Linglong Tower absorbs the elements of the tower in China traditional architectural culture, and expresses the characteristics of lightness, exquisiteness, transparency and tower abstractly with advanced technologies and modern techniques such as steel structure and glass curtain wall. When it was first built, its main function was television broadcasting. Linglong Tower has a total construction area of 4,299 square meters and a total steel consumption of 2 100 tons, including 3,636 square meters above ground and 663 square meters underground. The total height of Linglong Tower is132m. Linglong Tower is divided into seven floors, the first floor is the lounge, the second floor is the studio, and the top floor is the sightseeing floor.