The difference between tenant farmers, farm workers and tenant farmers

(1) Tenant: Usually refers to the peasants who rent the landlord's land under the feudal landlord system economy. In China, at different times, there were titles such as Tian Ke, Dian Ke, Dick, Zhuang Hu and Dian Hu. Farmers who rented land under the feudal lords system in western Europe were also called standard farmers.

(2) Farm labourers: long-term, monthly and odd jobs in rural areas in the old society. They have little or no land and means of production, and mainly rely on selling labor.

(3) Tenant farmers: farmers who used to rent landlords' land. Tenants are also called Qin Bo tenants.

Second, the class is different:

(1) Tenant farmer: cultivates the landlord's land, but has certain labor tools, means of production and means of subsistence, and has a family economy that combines agriculture with handicrafts. This position of small private owners makes them have a certain enthusiasm for production. Tenants are the main undertakers of feudal land rent exploitation. They pay rent, do all kinds of coolies and suffer heavy exploitation.

(2) Farm labourers: the proletariat in rural areas. Generally speaking, there is no land and means of production at all, and some land and means of production are very few, and they live entirely or mainly by selling labor. It is the poorest, most oppressed and exploited class in rural areas. For example, he worked as a handyman in China for a long time before the founding of the People's Republic. The farm labourers were seriously exploited by landlords or rich peasants, working long hours, low wages and unstable occupations, and urgently demanded revolution.

Therefore, the peasants and workers are the most loyal allies of the rural industrial proletariat and the main force of China's new-democratic revolution. After the land reform, the farm labourers got the land and this class disappeared.

Third, the relations of production are different

(1) Tenants are the main undertakers of feudal land rent exploitation. They pay rent, do all kinds of coolies and suffer heavy exploitation. There is a dependent relationship between tenant farmers and landlords. Take China as an example. Tenants with dependent relationships appeared in the Warring States period. During the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, tenant farmers were sheltered by powerful landlords and brought into the landlord family. In order to be free, tenant farmers must go through the process of release and self-redemption.

During the Tang and Song Dynasties, the tenant farmers' class expanded day by day, which was brought into the household registration by the feudal regime and gained the status of a feudal country.

(2) They have little or no land and means of production, and mainly rely on selling labor.

Extended data:

Tenant development history:

1. In the rural areas of the Song Dynasty, the tenancy system in which landlords rented land and exploited tenants was widely developed. After the transition from slavery to feudalism, the tenancy system was gradually popularized in the north ruled by the Jin Dynasty. However, during the half-century war between Jin and Yuan dynasties, the tenancy system in the north was seriously damaged.

2. A group of tenant farmers were captured and plundered to drive away slaves, and a group of tenant farmers were forced to join the giants in order to protect themselves, and a large number of farmers fled to the south of the Yangtze River. When the Yuan Dynasty destroyed the Song Dynasty, Jiangnan had implemented the policy of maintaining the original system, so the social relations in the rural areas of the Southern Song Dynasty did not change significantly in the Yuan Dynasty. Most tenants are mainly located in Jiangnan.

3. During the Southern Song Dynasty, the big landlords in the south of the Yangtze River continuously expanded their land possession. In the Yuan Dynasty, there were thousands of tenants, up to tens of thousands. Large temples can have tens of thousands of tenants. Landlords charge tenants rent, and half-system is still popular. Extra extortion of various names formed since the Southern Song Dynasty also continues to exist. An official from Hubei Road, Shannan reported that the main clan did more harm to tenants than litigation.

4. Jiangsu and Zhejiang ministers reported: "Tenants in the south of the Yangtze River have no property of their own, and they work in agriculture among rich households. In the face of drought, they often borrow money from farmers' families to help them eat. Landlords get more benefits. After the autumn, the tenants returned all the grain and rice they received to this magazine, but it was still not enough. They had to pay for the population and be allowed to fold the property, so they fled. "

5. The official land and official land leased by the government are arbitrarily slaughtered by relying on power. Jie Yuan's poem "Treading on a Disaster" describes that Li, a citizen of Songjiang, took this as his clothes and rented 30 mu of official land. However, the county official criticized the famine and forced him to rent rice. Li became a beggar and had to sell his children to pay the rent. Tenants who have no land are attached to the landlord's land and are in a helpless position.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-tenant farmers

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-peasants and workers

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-tenant