Improve the scientific and technological content of commercial housing and create a green energy-saving environment?

With the development of economy, the real estate industry in China is also developing at a high speed, and the appearance and quality of houses are also constantly improving. This paper analyzes how to improve the scientific and technological content of residential buildings and how to reduce the energy consumption per unit area, and puts forward corresponding measures.

China Library Classification Number: TU7 Document Identification Number: A Document Number:1006-4311(2012) 35-0075-02.

Introduction to 0

No matter what occupation you are engaged in, what unit you work in and what position you work in, you should return to your warm home-residence. People hope to live, work, study and play in a green and energy-saving environment, and hope to continuously improve the scientific and technological content of buildings in order to achieve harmony between man and nature.

In recent years, China's real estate industry has developed rapidly, but how to reduce energy consumption per unit area has not been formally included in the housing development goals. At present, one of the important topics that need to be broken through and studied in China's housing industry is how to improve the scientific and technological content of residential buildings and make greater progress in the appearance and quality of residential buildings.

It is urgent to reduce building energy consumption with 1.

With the continuous development of science and technology, economic construction and society, energy is an important material basis for human survival and social progress, and human demand for energy has also increased accordingly. Building energy consumption, including building materials production energy consumption, building construction energy consumption and use energy consumption, is 2-3 times higher than that of western developed countries. About 95% of newly-built houses are not energy-saving buildings, and about 99% of existing houses in China are not energy-saving buildings. Building energy consumption accounts for 25% of China's total energy consumption, which is about three times that of developed countries with similar climatic conditions, and is mainly concentrated in some large and medium-sized cities in China. In recent years, although the country has put forward some requirements to reduce building energy consumption, it has achieved little. According to statistics, if the low energy consumption of residential buildings is not realized by 2020, we will face an unimaginable energy crisis. The per capita living area in China will reach 32m2, and the new buildings in China will account for more than 50% of the total number of buildings, which will seriously affect the environment. Therefore, the great cause of implementing the strategy of sustainable development is to improve the scientific and technological content of houses, improve building functions and reduce building energy consumption.

2. Construction of green, environmentally friendly and energy-saving technology housing.

At present, the residential buildings developed in China have received extensive attention in lighting, ventilation, sound insulation, vision, comfort and living environment, and have made great breakthroughs in appearance and quality. The safety and seismic performance of the structure have also been paid attention to and guaranteed, and designs with different styles and personalities compete with each other. In order to save costs, real estate developers rarely consider integrating technical elements, and are indifferent to the deeper internal quality of houses, such as whether buildings are energy-efficient and whether building materials are environmentally friendly. Most buyers are concerned about price, apartment type, orientation, surrounding environment and property management. And little attention is paid to whether the function of the house is intelligent and whether the materials are safe and environmentally friendly. Some problems exist in time, they rarely pursue them, and only consider building materials when decorating.

Generally speaking, residential buildings in China still lack the cognition of "high comfort" in long-term use. It is necessary for us to fully understand the connotation of scientific and technological residence in order to realize the optimal circulation of light, sound, air environment and water, reduce energy consumption and pursue a comfortable, healthy, safe and energy-saving environment. Strengthen the propaganda, promotion and development of high-tech housing, and take thermal insulation measures for the envelope and roof; Real estate developers should not only plan for the present, but also focus on the long-term, and improve the sealing quality of external doors and windows by adopting insulation measures of envelope and roof, and setting sunshade components for external doors and windows. Popularize and apply new wall materials, building lighting energy-saving technologies and products. At the same time, we will realize "low use cost" and "technology", "intelligence" and "energy saving", reduce building energy consumption, create sales highlights and enhance the competitiveness of enterprises by building green and energy-saving technology houses.

3. The main measures to realize building energy saving need to be implemented

3. 1 The government cares and departments drive to strengthen and standardize building energy efficiency. Relevant government departments should intensify publicity, implement relevant building energy-saving measures, regulations and standards, hold seminars on documents such as People's Republic of China (PRC) Energy Conservation Law, Civil Building Energy Conservation Regulations and People's Republic of China (PRC) Water Law, and train key personnel. Carry out extensive and lasting mass publicity activities on building energy conservation, raise the awareness of building energy conservation and environmental awareness of sustainable development in the whole society, and raise the awareness and legal awareness of developers and consumers. Hold a training course on "Building Energy Efficiency Design Standard" with local characteristics to improve the professional level of designers and improve the design quality of residential buildings. Organize the compilation of Code for Design, Construction and Acceptance of Building Energy Efficiency, Atlas of Building Energy Efficiency Construction, Detailed Rules for the Implementation of Building Energy Efficiency, and Standard for Building Energy Efficiency Construction Technology and Supporting Quotas with local characteristics. Clarify the building energy-saving responsibilities of construction, design, construction, supervision units, planning management, quality supervision, building energy-saving management and other departments, and establish a system of special approval and single completion acceptance of building energy-saving design. While intensifying publicity and implementing relevant measures, we should also strengthen law enforcement, supervision and inspection, and govern according to law.

3.2 "Science and technology as the guide, design as the leader, materials as the foundation, construction as the key and quality as the guarantee", adhere to the important ideas and principles of building energy conservation, and introduce advanced and applicable foreign technologies and products in combination with China's national conditions and local characteristics; Organize scientific and technological research, development and application, develop new products and technologies, and learn advanced foreign energy-saving technologies, materials, equipment and management experience in combination with building energy-saving pilot and demonstration projects. The design department should ensure the design quality in strict accordance with the Design Standard for Building Energy Efficiency, fully consider the requirements of building energy efficiency standards in residential design, eliminate interference, and adhere to the principle: combining with wall reform, apply new wall materials, double-layer laminated glue and vacuum glass to improve the scientific and technological content and design quality of building energy efficiency, and implement technologies such as external window shading, external door and window sound insulation, roof shading and heat insulation. , construction engineering quality supervision institutions should carry out special acceptance of building energy conservation. The construction unit shall carry out the construction in accordance with the requirements of energy-saving design to ensure the quality. In the evaluation of new technology application demonstration projects, high-quality model projects and excellent design awards, in order to promote the progress of building science and technology and ensure the reduction of building energy consumption, it can be quantified as an index for evaluation, selection and assessment. Only when all the above principles are fully implemented and put in place can we finally ensure the effectiveness of the whole energy-saving project.

3.3 Promote new building energy-saving technologies and materials that meet national or industry standards, actively organize their implementation, promotion and application, select new energy-saving technologies, new processes and products, and be certified by relevant departments; There is no national or industry standard technology and products, must be organized by the regional new technology promotion center to expand publicity and popularization and application, but the premise must be that the relevant authoritative departments organize experts to examine and approve, and the testing institutions with corresponding qualifications will issue testing reports. In combination with market demand, develop and study new building energy-saving materials, timely release advanced products with high technology content that meet building energy-saving standards, promote the industrialization of building energy-saving, improve the technology content of products, and restrict the use and elimination of products; Promote the healthy and orderly development of building energy-saving products market, prevent counterfeit and shoddy products, and strengthen market supervision and law enforcement.

3.4 According to the regional characteristics, implement building energy-saving measures, such as Nanjing in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. At the peak of electricity consumption in summer, the air conditioning load is as high as more than half of the total electricity consumption, with four distinct seasons, intense heat in winter and long duration of high temperature. In this area, the focus of building energy conservation is to improve indoor thermal environment quality in summer, reduce heat conduction loss, reduce energy consumption of air conditioning equipment and improve living comfort. The main building energy-saving measures are:

3.4. 1 The roof garden of residential buildings can not only beautify the environment, but also play the role of heat preservation and protection, which is also in line with the development direction of building energy-saving technology and environmental protection. Around 2006, Nanjing vigorously promoted this project through financial subsidies, with an annual construction volume of 50,000 square meters. According to the regulations of Beijing, all newly built or rebuilt public buildings with non-sloping roofs below 12 floors and less than 40 meters in height, as well as existing public buildings with roofs with slopes less than 15 degrees, should be afforested. Hangzhou stipulates that in the future, the roof greening area of new public construction projects can be converted and included in the green rate index, and the adjusted green area can be changed for parking spaces. No matter from the perspective of energy saving and environmental protection or improving the ecological environment, roof greening is the general trend of urban development.

3.4.2 In order to maintain a comfortable temperature of 20-26℃ and a pleasant humidity of 30-70% all the year round and provide continuous fresh oxygen, a number of high-tech and energy-saving technologies can play a very good role in thermal insulation, mainly including ground source heat pump system, breathing curtain wall, capillary radiation, structural self-insulation, concrete ceiling radiation refrigeration and heating technology, etc. So as to achieve an ideal and healthy living environment for human beings. In Nanjing Hexi New Town, Shi Lang International Block has long been a household name. The energy-saving index reached more than 65%, exceeding the national energy-saving standard of 50%. Whether it is cold winter or hot summer, its indoor temperature is always around 25 degrees Celsius. By adopting the above-mentioned energy-saving technology, energy at room temperature circulates continuously in buildings, concrete floors and ceilings. Through the radiation effect, the concrete floor is cool and stuffy in summer, and the ceiling is heated at room temperature in winter. By reducing the damage to the floor caused by thermal expansion and contraction, family members can bid farewell to skin problems and space temperature imbalance. There is no ugly air-conditioning "patch" on the floor, no noise from mechanical operation indoors, and stay away from air-conditioning diseases.

3.4.3 In order to improve the thermal insulation performance of the roof, non-hydrophobic thermal insulation materials such as cement expanded perlite and cement vermiculite can be selected for the roof thermal insulation system, and high-efficiency thermal insulation materials such as expanded polystyrene cement thermal insulation brick and extruded polystyrene thermal insulation board should be used for the inverted roof to improve the thermal insulation performance of the roof.

3.4.4 Effective sunshade measures have great influence on building energy consumption, especially on building air conditioning energy consumption. Taking effective shading measures can reduce the heat generated by sunlight and improve the indoor thermal environment quality. If possible, priority should be given to mobile or fixed shading facilities to achieve better shading and heat insulation effect than window shading itself and window shading.

3.4.5 By adopting new wall materials with low heat transfer coefficient, the thermal insulation performance and thermal performance of the outer envelope are improved; Light-colored decorative materials are used as far as possible on the decorative surface of the external wall to reflect more solar radiation heat, so as to reduce the heat gain of air conditioning and the internal surface temperature of natural ventilation.

3.4.6 Strengthening good indoor ventilation in residential buildings can minimize the use time of air conditioners. Therefore, the overall planning of residential buildings and the design of building planes and facades should be conducive to ventilation, and buildings should adopt north-south or nearly north-south directions and multi-wall windows. Promote convection and strengthen natural ventilation. Natural ventilation or mechanical ventilation should be given priority in the ventilation of residential buildings, and air conditioning should be used when indoor comfort and air quality requirements cannot be met.

In addition, in the energy-saving design of buildings, designers can also use the water discharged from the washing machine to flush sanitary ware, and set solar water heaters in the water supply and drainage system, considering the recycling of solar energy and water resources and the energy-saving of building lighting. In the elevator foreroom, stairwell, pipe shaft and underground garage of high-rise buildings, the cost of lighting in public places is saved, and energy-saving lighting lamps are used for voice control, light control and touch delay switch.

You can study your own products through different forms such as demonstration buildings and demonstration communities. Different areas have different geographical locations, so we can improve the building lighting, planting roofs, energy-saving doors and windows, sunshade components and so on. On the basis of constantly summing up experience, we will vigorously promote mature experience and energy-saving products, and make unremitting efforts to promote building energy conservation and technological progress on the basis of constantly summing up experience. New energy-saving wall, thermal insulation roof, water storage roof, etc. You can choose a suitable space to try it out.

References:

Zhou Rong. Improve the scientific and technological content of residential buildings and create a healthy, comfortable and energy-saving environment. China Architectural Information, April 2006-15.

[2] Tang Lei. Improve the scientific and technological content of residential buildings. Shanghai Architectural Yearbook, 2003/0101.

[3] Huang Bin. Focus on improving the scientific and technological content of engineering quality supervision. Sichuan traffic yearbook, 2008-0 1-0 1.

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