What is the smallest country in the world?

The smallest country in the world is an independent sovereign country in Europe. The seat of the Pope, the center of Catholicism in the world. The Vatican is a country where politics and religion are integrated. The Pope is the head of the Vatican, holds office for life, has the highest legislative, judicial and administrative power, and is the spiritual leader of Catholics all over the world. The college of cardinals is the pope's advisory body.

Population: 1000.

Area: 0.44 square kilometers

Currency: Euro

Language: Latin, Italian

History: Vatican means "land of prophets" in Latin. In the 4th century AD, Pope Constantine established Constantine Cathedral in the northwest corner of Rome as a memorial to the martyrdom of Saint Peter, a disciple of Jesus. 15-16th century, Constantine Cathedral was transformed into St. Petersburg Cathedral and became the place where the Catholic Church held the most solemn ceremony. In 756 AD, Pippin, the king of Frank, ceded Rome and its surrounding areas to the Pope. Since then, the power of the Pope has been expanding day by day, and a papal state with the Pope as the monarch has appeared in central Italy. After the resurrection of 1870, the Pope was forced to retreat to the Vatican Palace. 1929 Mussolini signed the lateran treaty with Pope Pope Pius XI on behalf of the Italian government, and Italy recognized the Vatican as a sovereign state.

Geography:

Located in the Vatican Heights in the northwest of Rome, Italy. This is a country within a country. The tall city walls tightly surround less than one square kilometer of land. The main buildings in the city are St. Peter's Cathedral, Vatican Museum, Christian Palace and Garden.

Souvenir:

Stamps, coins and Catholic sacrifices (Madonna, cross pendant). The Vatican issues exquisite stamps and commemorative coins every year. Visitors usually send postcards with Vatican stamps at the Vatican post office next to St. Peter's Cathedral as a souvenir.

Tourist attractions:

Vatican City is closed to the public. Only St. Peter's Cathedral and Vatican Museum are open to tourists.

Basilica di San Pietro: Peter is one of the 12 disciples of Jesus, and he is also the closest and most loyal disciple of Jesus. It is said that St Peter is buried in this church. 1940, Vatican diggers claimed that they found Peter's body under the altar. Roman Catholicism recognized Peter as the first archbishop of Rome. There is a bronze statue of St. Peter in Peter's Cathedral. It is said that people can get God's blessing and good luck by touching God's right foot. So now its right foot is obviously less than its left foot.

St Peter's Cathedral is the largest church and the largest dome building in the world. It was built in the fourth century AD in the era of Constantine the Great, when the church was relatively small. In order to consolidate the position of Catholicism and Pope, Pope Nicholas V ordered a larger church to be built on the original site in 1450, and it was completed in 100 in 1626. Covering an area of about 15000 square meters, it can accommodate more than 10000 people.

The shape of St. Peter's Cathedral is a typical cross-shaped building with a long front and a short side. The whole church is18.7m wide and133m long, and the top of the dome cross tower is133m above the ground. There are marble, gold-plated walls and ceilings inside the church, which are magnificent. There are murals and sculptures by great artists such as Michelangelo, Raphael and bernini in the church. When you walk into the cathedral, you will feel deeply sacred, solemn and brilliant.

The front square and colonnade of the cathedral were designed by bernini in 1656. The square is oval, which is a typical baroque architectural style. In the center of the square is a towering obelisk. Every major festival, the Pope holds mass here. There are huge arched colonnades on both sides of the square, and the colonnades on both sides are like a pair of arms stretched out by the Pope, holding the believers attending the mass in their arms. The colonnade * * * has 284 huge stone pillars, 4 in each row, and each row of huge columns is on different radii of the same center. The upper end of each pillar is decorated with a statue.

Musei Vaticani: it was originally part of the papal palace. After several generations of popes, such a huge building complex has been formed since the expansion of Nicholas V. Now, except a few of them are still used as the living room and office of the Pope, the rest have become museums. Since Pope Julius II (1503- 15 13), the Vatican Palace has become a museum, with many artistic treasures in the world.

The museum has more than100000 breathtaking art treasures from ancient times to the Renaissance.

The Sistine Chapel was built in 1477- 1480. It is the pope's public chapel and the place to elect a new pope. Michelangelo painted two masterpieces for the church. A zenith painting completed by 15 12 depicts the plot of Genesis. The other is Michelangelo's 60-year mural, which took 7 years to create. The final judgment.

Stanze di Raffaello was originally part of the Christian Palace. 1508 Raphael, who was only 25 years old, was ordered to decorate the signing hall where the Pope signed the imperial edict. The painter painted four goddesses representing theology, philosophy, law and poetics on the zenith, and created corresponding large-scale murals under each goddesses, such as Debate on Sacraments, Athens School, Three Virtues and Mount Sus in Parner.

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