What are non-performing assets?

What are non-performing assets? Non-performing assets of an enterprise refer to the net losses and potential losses (funds) that have not been dealt with by the enterprise, as well as the estimated loss amount of various problem assets that should be set aside for asset impairment according to the provisions of the financial accounting system. "The non-performing assets of banks mainly refer to non-performing loans, commonly known as bad debts. In other words, the loan issued by the bank cannot recover the principal and interest according to the agreed period and interest rate. Non-performing assets mainly refer to non-performing loans, including overdue loans (overdue loans), sluggish loans (loans overdue for more than two years) and non-performing loans (loans that need to be written off and cannot be recovered). Others include real estate and other real estate portfolios. " /roll/200503 17/ 1 14568457t . shtml

Second, what do you mean by bad property?

Non-performing assets of real estate mainly refer to non-performing assets mortgaged by real estate and real estate-related properties, including but not limited to land, uncompleted residential flats, stock houses and non-performing assets in creditor's rights and debts, litigation and seizure.

How does the property go bad?

1. Illegal construction of super-built real estate

This kind of real estate is very common in first-tier cities. For example, the government approved 65,438+10,000 m2, but the developer built165,438+10,000 m2. Most of these properties can't get the approval. Without the sales certificate, the developers can't sell them, and they can't pay the project funds and bank loans, which will deteriorate over time.

2. Bad formation due to complex bonds and debts.

Most of these real estate projects are mainly invested by private enterprises. For example, I thought that the boss of a private enterprise borrowed a lot of project funds, and finally because the project could not be sold, the funds could not be returned, and the cash flow was broken. All creditors sued him together, so the whole project could only be sealed up, which made it impossible to start and sell the project, and all the funds of the bondholders were frozen in it.

3. Due to inaccurate market positioning and poor trading ability, the project is in trouble.

For example, a private small boss built many ugly villas with extremely high prices in order to stick to his good feelings, while high-end customers obviously dismissed the luxury houses with poor design sense, so the houses could not be sold, and the funds could not pay the project funds and bank loans, forming a rotten tail.

3. What are the non-performing assets?

Question 1: What are non-performing assets? What the hell does that mean? Long-term investment is in a damaged state of long-term aging.

Question 2: What are the bad assets, unsold inventory, unused equipment and unrecoverable bank accounts of the enterprise?

Question 3: What are non-performing assets? Non-performing assets include two aspects:

1. Calculate the net loss and potential loss (funds) of non-performing assets of the enterprise, and the amount of asset impairment loss that should be accrued according to the provisions of the financial accounting system.

2. The non-performing assets of banks mainly refer to non-performing loans, commonly known as bad debts. In other words, the loan issued by the bank cannot recover the principal and interest according to the agreed period and interest rate. Non-performing loans include overdue loans (overdue loans) and sluggish loans (loans overdue for more than two years that need to be written off and cannot be recovered).

Question 4: What are the bad assets in fixed assets? Including the net loss of deferred assets, net loss of fixed assets to be processed, start-up expenses, long-term deferred expenses, accounts receivable for more than 3 years, inventory depreciation losses, etc.

Non-performing assets are mainly overdue loans), sluggish loans (loans overdue for more than two years) and non-performing loans (loans that need to be written off and cannot be recovered). Others include real estate and other real estate portfolios. Non-performing assets refer to assets that can't participate in the normal operation of enterprises, such as debt collection, dull and overstocked materials purchased or produced by enterprises, and non-performing investments.

Non-performing assets of an enterprise refer to the net assets that have not been disposed of by the enterprise, and the estimated loss amount of various problem assets according to the financial accounting system. The non-performing assets of banks are also often called non-performing debts, the most important of which is the loan that customers can't repay the principal and interest on time and in quantity. In other words, loans issued by banks cannot be paid according to the agreed amount of money and interest.

Question 5. Classification? There are detailed provisions on the classification and disposal methods of non-performing assets. It is said that non-performing assets are normal assets that cannot participate in enterprises, such as long-term arrears of accounts receivable by debt units, dull and overstocked materials purchased or produced by enterprises, etc.

1. Traditional conventional treatment methods

There are many types of business, among which the more traditional conventional ways are selling non-performing loans and buying out non-performing loans through AMC divestiture.

2. Unconventional disposal methods

The unconventional way for commercial banks to dispose of non-performing loans is basically channel business, that is, indirectly listing non-performing assets with one or more channels. According to different modes, this kind of business can be divided into AMC holding mode, inter-bank holding mode and income right transfer mode. However, most of the management departments of this kind of business stopped, and the original good loan risk really turned to the temporary table to cover up the related risks or delay the outbreak of risks, but the risk factors escaped the monitoring scope of the regulatory authorities.

The influence of Circular 3.82 on all parties

2065438+In March and April of 2006, CBRC issued Document No.56, and Document No.82 transferred the non-performing assets in the above statements through the right to income. After the new regulations, the channel business based on the transfer of income rights has also been stopped.

The introduction of the new regulations shows that the main goal of the regulatory authorities is to limit the false report of non-performing loans of commercial banks and prohibit regulatory arbitrage. In this regulatory environment, the main way for commercial banks to dispose of non-performing assets in the future will still be to adopt traditional and conventional disposal methods; AMC has great advantages in dealing with non-performing loans, such as project disposal, risk management and talent reserve, so this new regulation has formed certain benefits for AMC industry.

4. Explore the future disposal mode

In addition to traditional disposal methods and AMC transactions, there are some new models worth exploring. These models have certain advantages over the conventional disposal methods in saving costs, improving efficiency and excavating the true value of non-performing loans, including: securitization of non-performing assets, debt-to-equity swap, Internet channel asset disposal platform, etc.

Traditional conventional treatment methods

Commercial banks can deal with non-performing loans in many ways, among which the more traditional conventional ways include collection, restructuring and write-off of non-performing loans, and divestiture and acquisition of non-performing loans through AMC.

The collection of non-performing loans includes cash collection, revitalization, litigation preservation and debt repayment with assets. The main difficulty lies in unclear responsibility and single means, and the collection result is greatly influenced by the borrower's moral factors. If litigation is taken, the cost will be higher.

Non-performing loan restructuring is an agreement with the borrower to modify the repayment terms on the premise of fully evaluating the payment risk. The main problem of this approach is that the restructuring conditions are only applicable to some non-performing loans, and sometimes only delay the outbreak of risks.

Write-off of non-performing loans refers to the unrecoverable loans written off by banks from profits. Although this law can completely eliminate non-performing loans, banks have to bear the corresponding financial losses.

When non-performing loans are divested or bought out through AMC, commercial banks usually sell non-performing loan packages to AMC at the original face value or discount. In reality, most of the time, it is sold at a large discount, which is equivalent to the loss of the discount part borne by the bank itself.

Because there are many "defects" in dealing with non-performing loans through traditional conventional methods, commercial banks have been exploring new ways to deal with them, and some "unconventional" ways have emerged.

Unconventional disposal method

The unconventional way for commercial banks to dispose of non-performing loans is basically channel business, that is, indirectly listing non-performing assets with one or more channels. According to different modes, this kind of business can be divided into AMC holding mode, inter-bank holding mode and income right transfer mode.

Question 6: What materials does the list of non-performing assets include? Project name, borrower, guarantor, creditor's rights ratio, location and other elements.

Question 7: What are non-performing loans and assets? Non-performing loans are divided into five categories. Bank loans are divided into five categories: normal, secondary, concerned, suspicious and loss. Generally speaking, doubtful loans and loss loans are recognized as non-performing loans, and generally face losses of more than 50%. Of course, some banks with strict management now regard concern loans as bad.

Non-performing assets generally refer to the non-performing loan claims that banks divest to state-owned financial asset management companies (AMC) through policies or commercialization according to relevant national laws and policies. Because the parent bank has converted some creditor's rights into assets (such as debt repayment) in the management process, the non-performing creditor's rights managed in AMC are generally called non-performing assets.

Question 8: Disposal of non-performing assets (1): What are the disposal methods of non-performing assets? The disposal of non-performing assets refers to the activities of comprehensively using all means and methods to realize and enhance the value of assets within the scope permitted by law. The scope of asset disposal can be divided into: equity assets, creditor's rights assets and physical assets; Asset disposal methods are divided into ultimate disposal and phased disposal according to asset realization. The final disposal mainly includes bankruptcy liquidation, auction, bidding, agreement transfer and discount realization. Phased disposal mainly includes debt-to-equity swap, debt restructuring, litigation and litigation preservation, debt-to-equity swap, asset replacement, enterprise restructuring, physical asset reinvestment improvement, physical asset leasing, and physical asset investment.

Question 9: What are the traditional disposal methods of non-performing assets industry? I. Relevant business models of asset management companies

Judging from the specific practices of the four major asset management companies, the simplest way is to buy out. After the bank packages the non-performing assets, it transfers them to the asset management company in batches. According to the size of the asset package, the asset management company can adopt a one-time or phased acquisition method, which can alleviate the financial pressure of the asset management company to some extent.

The second mode is cooperative disposal. In the policy acceptance stage of non-performing assets of state-owned banks, asset management companies have a preliminary understanding of debtors, but they can't go deep into the industry. At this stage, they can combine high-quality enterprises in the same industry to reorganize non-performing assets and finally realize benefit sharing.

The third mode is anti-entrustment disposal. After the asset management company buys out the non-performing assets of the bank, it sells the income right of the assets to the trust plan or the brokerage asset management plan. The ownership of assets still belongs to the four major asset management companies, and asset management companies continue to be responsible for the disposal of non-performing assets. In this mode, the asset management company can recover the capital cost in advance and remove the capital occupation, and the risk is borne by the investors themselves.

The fourth is the securitization of non-performing assets. After the asset management company buys out the bad asset package from the bank, it calculates the cash flow, regards the trust plan as SPV, and then issues the restructured asset-backed securities to sell to investors. As for the post-management of non-performing assets, it can still be entrusted to asset management companies for management. From 2006 to 2008, there were four cases of non-performing assets securitization in China, with a total issuance of about 654.38+03.4 billion yuan. However, after 2008, with the outbreak of the financial crisis, this business was also stopped. 20 15 the call for restarting asset-asset securitization is getting louder and louder, and it is expected that this kind of business will be liberalized soon.

Different from the four major asset management companies, the disposal scope of local asset management companies is limited to this province. In addition to the traditional disposal methods, local asset management companies are also gradually innovating the disposal mode.

(1) Blood transfusion recombination. Local asset management companies can transfuse some projects that can be revived, help enterprises get on the right track, realize a premium and then quit.

(2) Paying debts in kind. For some high-quality mortgage assets, try not to take a long litigation route, and realize a win-win situation for local asset management companies and enterprises by paying debts in kind.

(3) Publicly soliciting reorganizers or investors. On the basis of acting as a first-class wholesaler of non-performing assets, attract more professional social investors to participate in non-performing assets investment and enjoy industry profits.

(4) Joint local governments to set up non-performing assets disposal funds or subsidiaries. Make full use of local resources, deepen the disposal of non-performing assets and help local governments divest non-performing assets.

It should be pointed out that under the background of the rapid increase of non-performing assets, asset management companies are facing unlimited business opportunities, but due to the framework and mechanism of asset management companies, they are also facing greater "de-capitalization" pressure. For the non-performing assets that have been traded, asset management companies should classify and manage them in order to gain more profit space. For the creditor's rights non-performing assets, based on the "popsicle effect", because the principal part will not change, the source of income is interest or penalty interest, and the profit space is limited, it is necessary to quickly resolve it; For assets with bad property rights, based on the "root carving theory", asset management companies can choose to hold them for a long time, carve them carefully, and exchange time for space, so as to obtain higher returns.

Two. Bank-related business model

At present, domestic banks mostly dispose of non-performing assets through debt collection, internal account management, bad debt write-off, incremental dilution of loans, debt extension or restructuring, bidding and auction, debt-to-equity swap, and reuse of physical assets. Restricted by the disposal efficiency, commercial banks began to innovate their disposal methods under the background of the sharp increase of non-performing assets.

Under the pressure of strict assessment, many banks use interbank funds or wealth management funds to dock non-performing assets at key time nodes such as the end of the quarter or the end of the year, so as to realize off-balance-sheet non-performing assets and reduce the non-performing rate. Therefore, the pricing of bad statements is generally determined by the write-off amount of the bank in the current year. Specifically, defect reporting has the following operation modes:

(1) Holding mode of asset management company. Banks provide credit to asset management companies, or subscribe for bonds issued by asset management companies to inject funds into asset management companies. Then the asset management company receives the non-performing assets of the bank with the funds obtained from the bank, thus achieving the purpose of off-balance sheet of the bank, and the bank promises to buy back the non-performing assets received by the asset management company in the future. In this mode, asset management companies play the role of channels.

(2) Silver-silver mutual holding mode. Assets >>

Question 10: What do you mean by non-performing assets? Non-performing assets refer to the net losses and potential losses (funds) that the enterprise has not yet dealt with, as well as the estimated loss amount of various problem assets that should be set aside for asset impairment according to the financial accounting system. Non-performing assets of banks are also often called non-performing debts, the most important of which is non-performing loans, which refer to loans that bank customers cannot repay principal and interest on time and in quantity. In other words, the loan issued by the bank cannot recover the principal and interest according to the agreed period and interest rate. Non-performing assets mainly refer to non-performing loans, including overdue loans (overdue loans), sluggish loans (loans overdue for more than two years) and non-performing loans (loans that need to be written off and cannot be recovered). Others include real estate and other real estate portfolios. Non-performing assets refer to assets that cannot participate in the normal operation of enterprises, such as long-term arrears of accounts receivable by debt units, sluggish backlog of materials purchased or produced by enterprises, and non-performing investments.

4. What are the non-performing assets?

Question 1: What are non-performing assets? What the hell does that mean? Accounts receivable with long aging are long-term investments in which the invested enterprise is in a state of long-term loss.

Question 2: What are the bad assets, unsold inventory, unused equipment and unrecoverable bank accounts of the enterprise?

Question 3: What are non-performing assets? Non-performing assets include two aspects:

1. The non-performing assets of an enterprise refer to the net losses and potential losses (funds) that have not been dealt with by the enterprise, as well as the estimated loss amount of various problem assets that should not be set aside for asset impairment according to the provisions of the financial accounting system.

2. The non-performing assets of banks mainly refer to non-performing loans, commonly known as bad debts. In other words, the loan issued by the bank cannot recover the principal and interest according to the agreed period and interest rate. Non-performing assets mainly refer to non-performing loans, including overdue loans (overdue loans), sluggish loans (loans overdue for more than two years) and non-performing loans (loans that need to be written off and cannot be recovered). Others include real estate and other real estate portfolios.

Question 4: What are the bad assets in fixed assets? Including deferred income tax assets, net loss of current assets to be processed, net loss of fixed assets to be processed, start-up expenses, long-term deferred expenses, accounts receivable for more than three years, inventory depreciation and backlog losses, investment losses, fixed assets losses and other items in the balance sheet.

Non-performing assets mainly refer to non-performing loans, including overdue loans (overdue loans), sluggish loans (loans overdue for more than two years) and non-performing loans (loans that need to be written off and cannot be recovered). Others include real estate and other real estate portfolios. Non-performing assets refer to assets that cannot participate in the normal operation of enterprises, such as long-term arrears of accounts receivable by debt units, sluggish backlog of materials purchased or produced by enterprises, and non-performing investments.

Non-performing assets of an enterprise refer to the net losses and potential losses (funds) that have not been dealt with by the enterprise, as well as the estimated loss amount of various problem assets that should be set aside for asset impairment according to the provisions of the financial accounting system. Non-performing assets of banks are also often called non-performing debts, the most important of which is non-performing loans, which refer to loans that bank customers cannot repay principal and interest on time and in quantity. In other words, the loan issued by the bank cannot recover the principal and interest according to the agreed period and interest rate.

Question 5: What are the classifications of non-performing assets? There are detailed provisions on the classification and disposal methods of non-performing assets. Non-performing assets refer to assets that cannot participate in the normal operation of enterprises, such as long-term arrears of accounts receivable by debt units, sluggish backlog of materials purchased or produced by enterprises, and non-performing investments.

1. Traditional conventional treatment methods

There are many ways for commercial banks to dispose of non-performing loans, among which the more traditional conventional ways include collection, restructuring and write-off of non-performing loans, as well as divestiture and acquisition of non-performing loans through AMC.

2. Unconventional disposal methods

The unconventional way for commercial banks to dispose of non-performing loans is basically channel business, that is, indirectly listing non-performing assets with one or more channels. According to different modes, this kind of business can be divided into AMC holding mode, inter-bank holding mode and income right transfer mode. However, most of these businesses are illegal and have been stopped by the regulatory authorities. The fundamental reason is that these methods do not really transfer the risk of non-performing loans, but cover up the related risks or delay the outbreak of risks by temporarily reporting non-performing loans, which not only does not reduce the risks, but makes the risk factors escape the monitoring scope of the regulatory authorities.

The influence of Circular 3.82 on all parties

2065438+In March and April of 2006, CBRC issued Circular No.56 and Circular No.82, which mainly restricted commercial banks from reporting non-performing assets on their statements through the transfer of income rights. After the new regulations, the channel business based on the transfer of income rights has also been stopped.

The introduction of the new regulations shows that the main goal of the regulatory authorities is to limit the false report of non-performing loans of commercial banks and prohibit regulatory arbitrage. In this regulatory environment, the main way for commercial banks to dispose of non-performing assets in the future will still be to adopt traditional and conventional disposal methods; AMC has great advantages in dealing with non-performing loans, such as project disposal, risk management and talent reserve, so this new regulation has formed certain benefits for AMC industry.

4. Explore the future disposal mode

In addition to traditional disposal methods and AMC transactions, there are some new models worth exploring. These models have certain advantages over the conventional disposal methods in saving costs, improving efficiency and excavating the true value of non-performing loans, including: securitization of non-performing assets, debt-to-equity swap, Internet channel asset disposal platform, etc.

Traditional conventional treatment methods

Commercial banks can deal with non-performing loans in many ways, among which the more traditional conventional ways include collection, restructuring and write-off of non-performing loans, and divestiture and acquisition of non-performing loans through AMC.

The collection of non-performing loans includes cash collection, revitalization, litigation preservation and debt repayment with assets. The main difficulty lies in unclear responsibility and single means, and the collection result is greatly influenced by the borrower's moral factors. If litigation is taken, the cost will be higher.

Non-performing loan restructuring is an agreement with the borrower to modify the repayment terms on the premise of fully evaluating the payment risk. The main problem of this approach is that the restructuring conditions are only applicable to some non-performing loans, and sometimes only delay the outbreak of risks.

Write-off of non-performing loans refers to the unrecoverable loans written off by banks from profits. Although this law can completely eliminate non-performing loans, banks have to bear the corresponding financial losses.

When non-performing loans are divested or bought out through AMC, commercial banks usually sell non-performing loan packages to AMC at the original face value or discount. In reality, most of the time, it is sold at a large discount, which is equivalent to the loss of the discount part borne by the bank itself.

Because there are many "defects" in dealing with non-performing loans through traditional conventional methods, commercial banks have been exploring new ways to deal with them, and some "unconventional" ways have emerged.

Unconventional disposal method

The unconventional way for commercial banks to dispose of non-performing loans is basically channel business, that is, indirectly listing non-performing assets with one or more channels. According to different modes, this kind of business can be divided into AMC holding mode, inter-bank holding mode and income right transfer mode.

Question 6: What materials does the list of non-performing assets include? Project name, borrower, guarantor, creditor's rights ratio, location and other elements.

Question 7: What are non-performing loans and assets? Non-performing loans are divided into five categories. Bank loans are divided into five categories: normal, secondary, concerned, suspicious and loss. Generally speaking, doubtful loans and loss loans are recognized as non-performing loans, and generally face losses of more than 50%. Of course, some banks with strict management now regard concern loans as bad.

Non-performing assets generally refer to the non-performing loan claims that banks divest to state-owned financial asset management companies (AMC) through policies or commercialization according to relevant national laws and policies. Because the parent bank has converted some creditor's rights into assets (such as debt repayment) in the management process, the non-performing creditor's rights managed in AMC are generally called non-performing assets.

Question 8: Disposal of non-performing assets (1): What are the disposal methods of non-performing assets? The disposal of non-performing assets refers to the activities of comprehensively using all means and methods to realize and enhance the value of assets within the scope permitted by law. The scope of asset disposal can be divided into: equity assets, creditor's rights assets and physical assets; Asset disposal methods are divided into ultimate disposal and phased disposal according to asset realization. The final disposal mainly includes bankruptcy liquidation, auction, bidding, agreement transfer and discount realization. Phased disposal mainly includes debt-to-equity swap, debt restructuring, litigation and litigation preservation, debt-to-equity swap, asset replacement, enterprise restructuring, physical asset reinvestment improvement, physical asset leasing, and physical asset investment.

Question 9: What are the traditional disposal methods of non-performing assets industry? I. Relevant business models of asset management companies

Judging from the specific practices of the four major asset management companies, the simplest way is to buy out. After the bank packages the non-performing assets, it transfers them to the asset management company in batches. According to the size of the asset package, the asset management company can adopt a one-time or phased acquisition method, which can alleviate the financial pressure of the asset management company to some extent.

The second mode is cooperative disposal. In the policy acceptance stage of non-performing assets of state-owned banks, asset management companies have a preliminary understanding of debtors, but they can't go deep into the industry. At this stage, they can combine high-quality enterprises in the same industry to reorganize non-performing assets and finally realize benefit sharing.

The third mode is anti-entrustment disposal. After the asset management company buys out the non-performing assets of the bank, it sells the income right of the assets to the trust plan or the brokerage asset management plan. The ownership of assets still belongs to the four major asset management companies, and asset management companies continue to be responsible for the disposal of non-performing assets. In this mode, the asset management company can recover the capital cost in advance and remove the capital occupation, and the risk is borne by the investors themselves.

The fourth is the securitization of non-performing assets. After the asset management company buys out the bad asset package from the bank, it calculates the cash flow, regards the trust plan as SPV, and then issues the restructured asset-backed securities to sell to investors. As for the post-management of non-performing assets, it can still be entrusted to asset management companies for management. From 2006 to 2008, there were four cases of non-performing assets securitization in China, with a total issuance of about 654.38+03.4 billion yuan. However, after 2008, with the outbreak of the financial crisis, this business was also stopped. 20 15 the call for restarting asset-asset securitization is getting louder and louder, and it is expected that this kind of business will be liberalized soon.

Different from the four major asset management companies, the disposal scope of local asset management companies is limited to this province. In addition to the traditional disposal methods, local asset management companies are also gradually innovating the disposal mode.

(1) Blood transfusion recombination. Local asset management companies can transfuse some projects that can be revived, help enterprises get on the right track, realize a premium and then quit.

(2) Paying debts in kind. For some high-quality mortgage assets, try not to take a long litigation route, and realize a win-win situation for local asset management companies and enterprises by paying debts in kind.

(3) Publicly soliciting reorganizers or investors. On the basis of acting as a first-class wholesaler of non-performing assets, attract more professional social investors to participate in non-performing assets investment and enjoy industry profits.

(4) Joint local governments to set up non-performing assets disposal funds or subsidiaries. Make full use of local resources, deepen the disposal of non-performing assets and help local governments divest non-performing assets.

It should be pointed out that under the background of the rapid increase of non-performing assets, asset management companies are facing unlimited business opportunities, but due to the framework and mechanism of asset management companies, they are also facing greater "de-capitalization" pressure. For the non-performing assets that have been traded, asset management companies should classify and manage them in order to gain more profit space. For the creditor's rights non-performing assets, based on the "popsicle effect", because the principal part will not change, the source of income is interest or penalty interest, and the profit space is limited, it is necessary to quickly resolve it; For assets with bad property rights, based on the "root carving theory", asset management companies can choose to hold them for a long time, carve them carefully, and exchange time for space, so as to obtain higher returns.

Two. Bank-related business model

At present, domestic banks mostly dispose of non-performing assets through debt collection, internal account management, bad debt write-off, incremental dilution of loans, debt extension or restructuring, bidding and auction, debt-to-equity swap, and reuse of physical assets. Restricted by the disposal efficiency, commercial banks began to innovate their disposal methods under the background of the sharp increase of non-performing assets.

Under the pressure of strict assessment, many banks use interbank funds or wealth management funds to dock non-performing assets at key time nodes such as the end of the quarter or the end of the year, so as to realize off-balance-sheet non-performing assets and reduce the non-performing rate. Therefore, the pricing of bad statements is generally determined by the write-off amount of the bank in the current year. Specifically, defect reporting has the following operation modes:

(1) Holding mode of asset management company. Banks provide credit to asset management companies, or subscribe for bonds issued by asset management companies to inject funds into asset management companies. Then the asset management company receives the non-performing assets of the bank with the funds obtained from the bank, thus achieving the purpose of off-balance sheet of the bank, and the bank promises to buy back the non-performing assets received by the asset management company in the future. In this mode, asset management companies play the role of channels.

(2) Silver-silver mutual holding mode. Assets >>

Question 10: What do you mean by non-performing assets? Non-performing assets refer to the net losses and potential losses (funds) that the enterprise has not yet dealt with, as well as the estimated loss amount of various problem assets that should be provided for asset impairment according to the provisions of the financial accounting system. Non-performing assets of banks are also often called non-performing debts, the most important of which is non-performing loans, which refer to loans that bank customers cannot repay principal and interest on time and in quantity. In other words, the loan issued by the bank cannot recover the principal and interest according to the agreed period and interest rate. Non-performing assets mainly refer to non-performing loans, including overdue loans (overdue loans), sluggish loans (loans overdue for more than two years) and non-performing loans (loans that need to be written off and cannot be recovered).