How to deal with the problems existing in the design of air-conditioned seats in residential buildings

With the continuous improvement of people's living standards, air conditioning, a luxury in the past, has gradually evolved into a necessity, and more and more people have entered the homes of ordinary people. In recent years, in order to pursue the beauty and neatness of the external walls, newly-built residential quarters generally reserve the location for installing outdoor air conditioners during construction. When the owner moves in for decoration, the residential property management company will also stipulate in the temporary agreement of the owner or the matters needing attention in decoration that the outdoor air conditioner should be placed on the air conditioner seat when the owner installs the air conditioner. If the design and construction of air-conditioned seats are unreasonable, it will easily lead to problems in subsequent use and safety, and at the same time increase the problems of property management.

Main problems in design and construction of air-conditioned seats in residential buildings

(a) some residential areas are not equipped with special air-conditioned seats.

This situation mainly appears in some residential quarters with earlier construction, especially in the early stage of housing reform. At the beginning, air conditioning was not popularized in residential construction, and the design level of the house was not as good as today. Developers did not consider setting up special air-conditioned seats when developing houses. In these communities, the exterior walls of residential buildings are covered with large and small air-conditioning outdoor units. Due to the limitation of the traditional housing management system and the early property management level at that time, the housing self-management unit and the property management company did not require the owners to use stainless steel brackets to fix the outdoor air conditioner. Therefore, in such a community, the brackets for fixing the outdoor units of air conditioners are mostly galvanized triangular iron frames with low cost. After a long time of wind and rain, these galvanized triangular iron frames have rusted. At the same time, the long-term erosion and baptism of rain also left brown-red rust on the wall of the fixed bracket. In addition, the air-conditioning drainage pipe is not installed uniformly, so there is no place to discharge the condensed water generated by air conditioning, so it has to be discharged at will. From the perspective of property management, these external air conditioners have great security risks. However, the building age of this community is generally more than ten years. Long-term physical and chemical factors weaken the rust-proof ability of the bracket, and also make the outdoor air conditioner vibrate, and it is inevitable that the bracket will rust and loosen. In this case, with the passage of time, owners and property management companies have a common concern: I don't know when falling objects will suddenly happen, and these air-conditioning racks carrying outdoor units of air conditioners are hanging in the air like "untimely bombs", which is extremely dangerous! In addition, the air-conditioning condensate spilled at will, which also caused inconvenience to passers-by. When buying a house in the community, an owner took a fancy to the balcony connected to the third floor and bought the house on the third floor. Unexpectedly, in summer, the condensed water of dozens of air conditioners above the third floor is discharged to this terrace, just like it has been raining, and it is impossible to stay on the terrace. What's more troublesome is that the air-conditioned water collects on the terrace, flows to the edge of the outer wall, and then seeps into the room. Finally, we had to find a construction team to waterproof the outer corner. At night, air conditioning water falls from the sky and drips on the awning, which seriously affects the rest.

(2) The number of air-conditioned seats in some communities is insufficient.

This phenomenon mainly appears in some large-sized houses with many rooms. Although there are special air-conditioned seats, the total number is insufficient. A residential area has a unit building, 150 square meters, 190 square meters. It has a large area and many rooms. Generally, there are special study rooms and workers' rooms, and residents usually install more than four air conditioners, while a house has only three outdoor air-conditioned seats, while the study rooms and workers' rooms do not. When the owner renovated, the property management company stipulated that the outdoor air conditioner should be placed in the air conditioning position, but because there was no way to solve the air conditioning position problem in the study room and the workers' room, the owner could only fix the air conditioning host on the external wall with stainless steel brackets. There are also some residential living rooms without air-conditioned seats, and property management companies generally require owners to install air conditioners on the balcony side walls, which takes up a lot of activity space on the balcony; Second, when the balcony is turned on, the heat wave is rolling and the exhaust gas is soaring, so it is impossible to stay; Third, air conditioning noise will be transmitted to the house through the floor-to-ceiling glass of the balcony, which will affect the rest.

(3) The design of air-conditioned seats in some residential areas is not reasonable.

At present, there are roughly the following situations:

First, there is not enough space for air-conditioned seats. Cabinet air conditioners and central air conditioners have increasingly entered ordinary families, but many buildings do not take into account that the outdoor units of these air conditioners are relatively large and the space of seats is too small to accommodate the outdoor units.

Second, the heat dissipation of the air-conditioning seat is not good, which affects the use of air conditioners. Most of the air-conditioned seats in real estate are set under bay windows or on special platforms. For the neatness and beauty of the external walls, many of them have hidden louver baffles. When the air conditioner cools, the outdoor unit needs to dissipate heat. Because the louver blades are low outside and high inside, the installation is too dense, and the heat is not easy to dissipate. Generally speaking, the outdoor units of air conditioners are equipped with overheating protection devices. If the temperature is too high, there will be shutdown, which will affect the normal indoor refrigeration of the owner.

Third, the location design of the air conditioner is unreasonable. The design of some aircraft seats is not conducive to the installation of air conditioning outdoor units, which makes it difficult to maintain them in the future. Some designs lead to the long connecting pipe between the outdoor unit and the indoor unit of the air conditioner, which greatly reduces the refrigeration effect; There are also some seats designed so that the installed air conditioner faces the opposite house. As soon as the air conditioner was turned on, all the hot air was blown to other people's homes.

Fourth, the air-conditioned seats have not been specially waterproof. A small amount of condensed water may be produced by the outdoor air conditioner, and rain will also drift into the airplane seat when it is windy and rainy. Long-term immersion may cause water seepage on the outer wall of the next floor.

Coping Strategies of Property Management Companies

The problems existing in the design of air-conditioned seats in residential buildings have brought troubles and disputes to the owners and users of residential quarters.

First of all, it is easy to cause neighborhood disputes. Newspapers and other media reported that in a newly-built residential area, two households fought for outdoor air-conditioned seats, resulting in injuries to the owners.

Secondly, it is easy to cause conflicts between owners and property management companies. Through consulting with developers and professionals engaged in architectural design, the author found that in the current real estate construction, the design of air-conditioned seats is really lagging behind and unscientific, and almost no one has systematically studied the organic combination of air-conditioned seats and buildings. The national standard "Code for Installation of Room Air Conditioners" GB 1 7790-1999, which came into effect on March12000, has made corresponding provisions on the installation requirements, installation operation procedures and inspection methods of air conditioners, but there is no relevant provision on the safe service life of external brackets of air conditioners. In GB 50096- 1999, the national standard for residential design issued by the Ministry of Construction, there is only one provision for air conditioning, that is, "in the hottest month when the outdoor average temperature is higher than or equal to 25℃, the location and conditions for installing air conditioning equipment should be reserved for each house", but there is no specific provision on how and how much to reserve, so it is not feasible and has little practical significance.

In view of the current imperfect laws and regulations on the design of air-conditioned seats in residential buildings, property management companies can solve the problems existing in air-conditioned seats from the following aspects:

(a) to increase publicity and urge the owners to rectify.

For those houses without air-conditioned seats, the property management company should first step up publicity to let the owners know about the safety hazards of outdoor air-conditioning brackets, and clearly inform the owners and users that once the outdoor air-conditioning unit falls and hurts people, the consequences will be unimaginable, and the owners of outdoor air-conditioning units should bear corresponding legal responsibilities according to law. Secondly, it is necessary to urge the owner to inspect and reinforce the bracket of the external air conditioner or replace the fixed equipment to minimize the risk, and at the same time try to fix the external air conditioner with stainless steel bracket.

(B) to strengthen early intervention

In the early stage of property management intervention, in architectural design, constructive suggestions were put forward to developers for air-conditioned seats to improve the design of air-conditioned seats. First, we should consider practicality, and we should not hinder the installation and future maintenance of air conditioners simply for the sake of beauty; The installation position should also be as close as possible to the window, and try to avoid being located in a gable without windows. Second, the size of the air conditioner should be enough to ensure that there is a certain space in the front, back, left and right direction of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner, and the louvers should not be too dense to ensure the ventilation and heat dissipation of the air conditioner. Third, every room should be equipped with air-conditioned seats, and for some high-end houses, we should also consider the location of installing the outdoor unit of central air conditioning. Fourth, there should be a drain pipe or floor drain next to each air-conditioning seat, and the condensed water of air-conditioning can be discharged uniformly through these facilities. Fifth, air-conditioned seats should be waterproof accordingly.

(3) Strengthen coordination and properly handle the remaining problems.

For the built residential area, people-oriented approach should be adopted to deal with the problems and disputes arising from air-conditioned seats, and the specific situation should be analyzed. If the developer's development design scheme is unreasonable, and the developer still has the follow-up rolling development task, the property management company can coordinate the developer to carry out unified rectification, unify the image and promote the later sales; If the developer has left or is unwilling or unable to take responsibility, the property management company should communicate with the owners' committee and the owners, and strive to work out a proper and unified solution by convening the owners' meeting; If there is no owners' committee, it is difficult to mobilize a single owner to complete the rectification. The property management company can actively reflect to the superior, strive for the special fund support of the old city reconstruction and civilized and hygienic city creation project, and solve it through various efforts.