Where does the state stipulate to put the construction waste?

According to statistics, China produces more than 400 million tons of domestic waste every year. If construction waste is included, this figure will exceed 3 billion tons. Construction waste is the general name of waste such as muck, waste soil, waste and sludge produced in the process of building construction, reconstruction, expansion and demolition, and it is also the largest and most concentrated solid waste discharged by a single variety of cities in China.

In the construction waste management system, promoting the reduction of construction waste has always been an important content. After the revised Solid Waste Law requires the government to make a prevention and control plan for construction waste (environmental pollution) including source reduction, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development quickly put forward the short-term working goal of "initially establishing the working mechanism of construction waste reduction in various regions before the end of 2020" in the Guiding Opinions on Promoting Construction Waste Reduction, and formulated the "construction site" around the main battlefield of construction waste reduction.

Combined with the pilot experience of construction waste treatment since 20 18, the new deal focuses on stock control and incremental control, aiming at effectively reducing the emission of construction waste in the whole life cycle of the project.

1, construction waste stock control

At present, the stock of construction waste in China has reached more than 20 billion tons, and the phenomenon of "besieged city", "piling up mountains" and "filling rivers" of construction waste is getting worse and worse. It is an urgent task to reduce construction waste by consuming and controlling existing construction waste, occupying public land and affecting urban environment.

Disposal refers to ensuring that construction waste is dumped to the designated place and not dumped, scattered or piled up in other places. Accordingly, the manual stipulates from the construction site that the construction waste leaving the site should be sent to a qualified construction waste disposal site or disposal site. According to the situation of disposal and treatment infrastructure, the revised solid waste law also requires the government to do a good job in the layout and construction of disposal facilities and places. In addition, local policies have also formulated flexible requirements according to local conditions. For example, the Opinions of the General Office of the People's Government of Hunan Province on Strengthening the Management of Urban Construction Waste and Promoting Resource Utilization clearly stated that if the existing muck piles in urban areas and urban-rural fringe areas cannot be cleaned up in a short time, all localities should carry out greening on the basis of safety reinforcement and terrain consolidation.

While accelerating the disposal and treatment of construction waste, it is also one of the ways to establish and improve the development and reuse system of construction waste. Construction waste is not "useless". Many construction wastes can be reused as renewable resources after sorting, cleaning or crushing. For example, bricks and tiles can be reused, and waste bricks and broken tiles can be used as recycled aggregate.

In order to improve the resource utilization rate of construction waste, the Opinions make it clear that the construction unit should make full use of the remaining materials such as concrete, steel bars, formwork and perlite insulation materials, and process them into various engineering materials for recycling according to the actual needs on the premise of meeting the quality requirements. In fact, the construction unit can make rational use of construction waste in terrain reinforcement, engineering filling and other links, and can directly realize on-site reduction. Of course, the opinions also stipulate the construction sites that do not have the conditions for local use, and require them to be transported to the construction waste disposal site in time for resource disposal and reuse.

2. Incremental control of construction waste

In order to reduce the generation of construction waste, the Opinions require all participants to actively carry out green planning, implement green design, promote green construction, and control the increase of construction waste throughout the construction cycle.

Green planning is to promote the normalization of incremental control of construction waste on the basis of project composition and overall assumption. From the perspective of construction methods, the application of green buildings, prefabricated buildings and full decoration delivery can reduce the generation of construction waste on the construction site, which is also the only way to modernize the construction industry; From the perspective of building materials, renewable and recyclable green building materials and building turnover tools can improve the utilization efficiency of building materials and are long-term choices to reduce construction waste. In addition, in order to reduce the waste of building materials and the generation of construction waste caused by rework due to construction quality, "mistakes and leaks" and other reasons, the Opinions also encourages the construction unit to popularize and apply technologies such as building information model (BIM) in engineering design and construction, innovate organizational models, and strengthen the deep collaboration between design and construction.

Green design provides a systematic basis for incremental control of construction waste in engineering design. On the one hand, the Opinions require design units to promote the standardization of functional modules and components, and avoid or reduce the construction waste generated by demolition and modification in the construction process through the unification, serialization, generalization, combination and modularization of details; On the other hand, the design unit is required to deepen the design, ensure that the design depth meets the construction needs, and reduce the design changes in the construction process.

Green construction is the incremental control of construction waste in the process of engineering construction. In order to implement the responsibility of all parties to reduce construction waste, the Opinions require the construction unit to take corresponding measures in reducing the source of construction waste (source reduction measures include deepening design, optimizing construction organization, combining permanent and temporary use, reusing temporary facilities and reusable materials, and controlling construction process, etc.). ), classified collection and storage, on-site disposal, emission control, etc. Guide all participants to adopt advanced technologies, processes, equipment and management measures, and use technical force to reduce construction waste. Among them, the manual also formulated the detailed rules for the classified collection and storage of construction waste on the construction site, which will also help the resource utilization and waste classification of construction waste. In addition, the manual is deployed from the following dimensions: preparation of special emission reduction plan for construction waste on the construction site, source reduction, on-site disposal and emission control.

Only when stock management and incremental control go hand in hand can we do a good job in reducing construction waste and promote green construction, transformation and upgrading of the construction industry. On this basis, we should also improve the construction waste treatment system: only by implementing construction waste reduction in the whole cycle of construction waste collection, transportation, resource utilization and disposal management can we improve the construction waste treatment capacity in China as a whole, and the construction industry will also make due contributions to resource conservation and environmental protection.