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Old Trafford Stadium is a football stadium, located in greater manchester. Old Trafford is the home of Premier League team Manchester United, with 762 12 seats. It is the second largest football field in Britain after Wembley Stadium. The stadium is also the third largest in Britain and the eleventh largest in Europe. Old Trafford is also one of the two UEFA five-star football fields in England, so it can host the finals of the Champions League and the European Football Championship. [3] [4] The stadium is only 0.5 miles (0.8 kilometers) from Manchester Light Rail Station and Old Trafford Cricket Stadium.

This stadium was dubbed "the dream stage" by bobby charlton. Old Trafford has been the home of Manchester United since 19 10. On the way, it was attacked by the Germans in World War II, and it took 8 years to maintain it (from 194 1 to 1949). Manchester United therefore need to move to Manchester City's main road stadium, a club in the same city. The stadium was expanded in1990s and 2000s. The north stand, the east stand and the west stand were all expanded to the second floor, and the south stand is planned to be expanded in the future, with an estimated total capacity of 90,000 people. [5] 1939 created a football match with the highest attendance rate on the court. Interestingly, this game is not one of Manchester United's games. It was an FA Cup semi-final between Kensby and Wolves, with a total audience of 76,962. [ 1]

When Wembley Stadium was not rebuilt, it often hosted FA Cup semi-finals and England's national football team. Old Trafford has also hosted many large-scale events, such as 1966 World Cup, 1996 European Football Championship and the 2003 Champions League final. In addition to being used as a football field, the stadium has also hosted rugby matches, such as the 2000 Rugby World Cup finals.

Directory [hidden]

1 history

Construction and prophase 1. 1

1.2 World War II air strikes

1.3 Complete the master plan.

1.4 conversion full seat

1.5 expansion in 2006

2 Structure and facilities

3 Future

4 Other uses

5 records

6 traffic

7 references

8 External connection

[Edit] History

[Editor] Construction and prophase

Before 1902, the statue of Matthew Busby, the former coach of the team, was placed in the east stand. Newton Heath, the predecessor of Manchester United, played football in Crayton's North Road and Bank Street, but the stadium was often influenced by nearby factories, which reduced the quality of the grass. [6] Therefore, as the team changed its name and was on the verge of bankruptcy, john davis, the new president of the club, said that Bank Street was not suitable as a home stadium that had won the first division and the FA Cup, so he decided to be interested in a new stadium to meet the needs of the team. [7] After a round of regular inspection, Davis decided to take a piece of land near the Canal of Trafford Bridge Harbor as the team's new home. [8]

Archibald leitch, a Scottish architect, has rich experience in stadium design and is responsible for the design of Old Trafford Stadium. The stadium was originally designed to accommodate 65,438+000,000 people. The south stand has a roof and special chairs, and the other stands are stands. [9] Including the land price, the total construction cost of the stadium was originally estimated at 60,000. However, due to the rising cost, the stadium needs an additional 30,000 pounds to become a large stadium with a capacity of100,000 people, so the club decided to reduce the capacity to 80,000 people to avoid a significant increase in the project cost. [10][ 1 1] However, the amazing cost of this stadium has made Manchester United a "giant league". [12] Due to the huge construction cost, archibald leitch, the chief architect, had to write to Cheshire Route Committee in May, 10000, hoping to get a loan of 10000 from the Committee, and promised to repay 20,000 every year in the next five years. Although it was guaranteed in the name of the club and two other breweries, the Committee never passed the plan. [13] In order to cope with the completion of the new stadium, the Committee built a new railway station and Trafford Park Station here, but the passenger flow was lower than expected. [8]

The stadium building was supervised by Ma Lixun Brameld [14] and officially completed at the end of 1909. The opening match of the stadium was held on 191February19, and Manchester United played against their old enemy Liverpool at home. But the home team failed to present a victory for the fans, and the visiting team beat Manchester United 4-3 to win the game. According to a reporter at that time, it was the biggest, most beautiful, spacious and comfortable stadium he had ever seen. At that time, the stadium was really unbeatable, which brought honor to Manchester United as the home team of the stadium. [ 10]

Before the completion of Wembley Stadium 1923, many stadiums, including Old Trafford, had hosted the FA Cup finals. [15]1911The first FA Cup final was held in Old Trafford in. Ballard and Newcastle fought fiercely at Crystal Palace 120 minutes later, but they still failed to record each other, so they chose to fight again at Old Trafford. Ballard won the first and only FA Cup by beating his opponent 1-0 in front of 58,000 spectators. [16] The second FA Cup final will be held in four years' time, at 19 15, when Safi beat Chelsea 3-0 and won the championship. The competition attracted 50,000 fans, most of whom came from the army, because the final was called the "Khaki Cup Final". [17]192012.27, Old Trafford held a game in which Manchester United had the most league players before World War II. Facing 70,504 fans, Azar lost to Aston Villa with 1-3. 16 On April 7th, the first international match was held at Old Trafford. England lost 0-/kloc-0 to visiting Scotland in front of 49,429 fans. [19][20] Unfortunately, the attendance record maintained by Old Trafford was not counted by Manchester United. 1On March 25th, 939, an FA Cup semi-final between Gamsby and Wolves was the most attended event at Old Trafford, with a total of 76,962 spectators. [ 1]

[Editor] World War II air strikes

1936, Manchester United used a sum? The maintenance cost of 35,000 yuan is to add an 80-yard-long cover to the North Stand for the first time, and add an upper cover to the South Stand two years later. [22] When World War II broke out, Old Trafford was requisitioned by the British army as a military camp and supply station. [23] Despite being requisitioned, the football match was still held in the stadium. Until February 22nd, 1940, 1940, the Germans bombed the nearby Old Trafford Park, and the stadium was also damaged to some extent. The loss meeting will be held at Christmas, and the game between Manchester United and Stowe Port needs to be moved to the home of Stowe Port. [23] After the maintenance was completed, the Old Trafford Stadium was finally able to hold the event again on March 8 194 1, but it was destroyed by another round of German air strikes three days later. Manchester United will need to find another stadium to play. [23] Under the pressure of James Gibson, the War Damage Committee promised to pay Manchester United 4800 pounds to clean up the wreckage and 65438 pounds +07478 pounds to rebuild the stadium. [2 1] During the reconstruction period, Manchester United decided to borrow the main road stadium of Manchester City, the home of the same city club, as the team's substitute home with 5,000 pounds a year and part of the ticket proceeds. [24] At that time, the club still had debts of about 15000, which obviously could not support the borrowing costs of the main road stadium. Someone once asked the government to increase compensation, but unfortunately it failed. [2 1] 1949, Old Trafford Stadium finally reopened after being closed for nearly 10 years. [25] On August 24th, 1949, Manchester United finally returned to Old Trafford and beat Bowden 3-0 in front of 4 1748 people, giving Old Trafford the best reopening gift. [26]

65438+Stratford in the early 1990s

[Edit] Complete the master plan

195 1 After the renovation of the roof originally located in the main stand was completed, the roofs of the other three stands were immediately added. Finally, after the roof of 1959 west stand was installed, the stand was completely covered. [22] Azar also invested? There are already 40,000 people equipped with floodlights and qualified to participate in the European competition held at night, so there is no need to use the main road stadium for the competition. In order to avoid casting a double shadow on the court, the roofs of the two stands were forcibly removed. [2 1] The first match Manchester United needed to play with floodlights was the match against Bolton in Group A on March 25th. 1957. [ 14]

However, although the audience can enjoy the game held at Old Trafford in the evening, they are still blocked by the pillars supporting the cover, preventing them from watching the game. Taking advantage of 1966 World Cup and 1965, Manchester United decided to redesign the north stand and the east stand, removing the columns supporting the upper cover and replacing them with modern cantilever columns. This will enable all spectators to fully enjoy their games without obstacles. [22] At the same time, the number of stands on Union Road will be increased to 20,000 (1 10,000 seats, 1 10,000 enterprises). This plan will cost * * *? 350,000。 [27] The design company "Mather and Nath" (now Everton Fu Na) [14] transformed the open space in front of the stands into a large-scale bleachers, and added wings for the stands of English football fields for the first time. After two stands were changed into cantilever columns, the club owner put forward a long-term plan, hoping to change the other two stands into cantilever columns and turn the stadium into a bowl-shaped stadium. [5] The organizer hopes that this project can focus the fans' voices on the stadium as much as possible, so that the players in the stadium can feel the atmosphere and momentum in the stadium. [28] During this period, the stadium held the third FA Cup final again, and 62,078 spectators entered the stadium to watch the 1970 FA Cup final replay between Leicester United and Chelsea. In the end, Chelsea beat the opponent 2-/kloc-0-0 and became the champion. In the1970s, due to the rapid rise of hooliganism in English football [29] and Manchester United's demotion from the first division in 1974, the club's hooligan organization "Red Army" was notorious. The incident that a knife was thrown into the stadium led the club to install the first fence in Britain at Old Trafford to separate the fans from the grass on the stadium. [27]

In 1973, all stands are designed with covers. At the same time, the stadium replaced the old scoreboard and installed a new electronic scoreboard in the northeast corner. The original scoreboard was changed to 5500 seats. 1975 started the expansion project of 3 million pounds, and a wing was added to the main stand. The flank overlooks the venue, but part of the line of sight is blocked by the pillars supporting the upper cover. Therefore, the stand, scoreboard, main stand and rear of Union Road are all changed to cantilever column design. The cover on the wing and cantilever column increases the total length of the stand, and this change can also change the club office from the southeast corner of Old Trafford to the main stand. After the relocation of the club office, all its positions were converted into seats, making Old Trafford have a total of 25,686 seats (including 56,385 company positions). The design of cantilever column also makes the floodlight level of the stadium need to be completely set, which was reorganized in 1987.

[Edit] Change all seats

With the progress of every stadium improvement project, the capacity of the stadium has been declining. In the1980s, the capacity of stadiums dropped from 80,000 to about 60,000. Until the1990s, the government listened to the recommendations of Taylor's report, demanding that all stadiums be full and corporate positions be abolished. This means that Manchester United need three to five million pounds to change all the stands on the grass near Stratford Stadium into seats. [14] In addition, three other terraces will be demolished. In addition to spending10 million pounds, the rhodium capacity of Old Trafford has also dropped to a record low, which can only accommodate about 44,000 fans. [30] However, the government informed Manchester United that only about1400,000 pounds can be paid from the compensation scheme of this policy, with a maximum of 2 million pounds. [3 1]

The reconstruction of the East Stand was completed in 2000-200 1 year, and the club was revived in the early 1990s, which made the club decide to redevelop Old Trafford again. 1995, the North Stand announced a new row of stands, [32] which enabled Old Trafford to successfully host three group matches, a quarter-final and a semi-final of the 1996 European Football Championship. 1In March 1995, the World Expo announced that it would spend 9.2 million pounds to buy a 20-acre Trafford Park Trade Village on the other side of Union Road. The project started from 1994 to the end of the 95 season and was put into use before the opening of the European Cup in 1996. The design of the new stand was once again entrusted to the design company "Everton Fu Na", and a three-story north stand was built at a cost of18.65 million. The new stands provide 25,500 new seats, bringing the total seating capacity of the stadium to 55,000. Its cantilever column also became the largest in Europe at that time, with a total length of 58.5 meters (192 feet) from the back wall of the stand to the edge of the upper cover. [33] As the team continues to achieve good results, Manchester United will announce the expansion plan of Old Trafford. First of all, the East Stand will be built on the third floor, which will be opened on June 5438+1October 2000. The stadium can accommodate 6 1 000 spectators at the same time. The second floor of the west stand was subsequently completed, with 7,000 seats added, and the total number of seats increased to 682 17. [34] Three years later, Old Trafford ushered in its first European competition final and hosted the 2003 Champions League final with Juventus and AC Milan.

Since 200 1, due to the renovation project of Wembley Stadium, the English football team needs to play in other stadiums. In the first few years, the team took turns playing in all regional stadiums, from Villa Park in Birmingham to St James' Park in Newcastle. However, from 2003 to 2007, Old Trafford hosted 12 of the 23 main stadiums in England, which was higher than other stadiums. On February 7, 2007, Old Trafford lost 0-/kloc-0-0 to Spain at home. 35,58,207 spectators participated in the competition. [36]

[Editor] Expansion in 2006

The latest expansion of Old Trafford was from July 2005 to May 2006, and the second floor was added in the northeast corner and northwest corner of the stadium, providing 8,000 seats. [5] The newly-built seats were put into use in batches, and the first batch was put into use on March 26th, 2006, setting a record for the attendance rate of 69,070 people in the Premier League. [37] With the completion of new seats, the record continued to rise until it reached its peak on March 3, 2007. 76,098 fans watched Manchester United beat Blackburn Rovers 4-65,438+0. [38]

[Edit] Structure and facilities

Old Trafford's grandstand structure, the shadow part is the visiting fan area. The grass of Old Trafford Stadium is surrounded by four full stands, which are officially called East Stand, South Stand, West Stand and North Stand. Except for the difficulty in expanding the south stand, each stand has at least two floors. [39] The lower stands are also divided into high seats and low seats, of which the low seats were rebuilt from the stands of1990s. ..

The North Stand, formerly known as Union Road Stand, has occupied Union Road since its expansion. The stands are three stories high and can accommodate about 26,000 spectators, which is the largest of the four stands. The North Stand also provides some wings for fans. The existing north stand was opened on 1996, replacing the previous stand with only one floor. As the main stand of the stadium, the North Stand contains a large number of stadium facilities, including Manchester United Theme Cafe and Manchester United Museum. Manchester United Museum opened on 1986, which is the first museum based on the history of the club in the world. [40] The former Manchester United Museum was located in the southeast corner of Old Trafford, and it was not moved to the North Stand until 1998 when the reconstruction of the North Stand was completed. At that time, the club invited Billy, the king of the ball, to preside over the relocation ceremony of the museum on April 1998+0 1. According to Manchester United official website, the museum can attract 200,000 visitors every year. [4 1]

Opposite the North Stand is the South Stand, which used to be the main stand of Old Trafford Stadium. Although there is only one stand, it has the largest wing of the whole stadium. [42] When all distinguished guests come to Old Trafford to watch the game, they will be arranged in the south stand to enjoy the game. All media reporters will sit in the south stand and watch the center, so that they can watch the game from a good and clear angle. Television cameras are located in the south stand, so the landscape on TV is the landscape of the south stand. [22] The commentator's box is also located in the south stand. The wing of MUTV, Manchester United's official TV station, is located in the east, while other wings such as BBC and Sky TV are located in the west. [43]

The reserved seats are located in front of the center of the south stand, higher than the grass, so that the head coach and coach can have a broader vision to enjoy the game. Located inside the two reserve seats is the old players' passage at Old Trafford. 1993 is closed. This passage is the only remaining part of 19 10 old Trafford Stadium, and the others have been destroyed by the gunfire of World War II. [44] On February 6th, 2008, the corridor was renamed as Munich Corridor to commemorate the 50th anniversary of 1958 Munich air crash. [45] At present, the players' passage is located in the southwest corner of the stadium, and the entrance has also been increased to prevent unexpected situations. When some activities require large machines to enter the grass, the seats above the entrance of the passage can be raised to 25 feet (7.6 meters) [46] so that they can pass. The players' channel is connected with the players' locker room, including TV interviews and players' leisure area on the way.

The west stand, commonly known as the stand, is displayed in the form of mosaic. The most famous part of Old Trafford is its West Stand, also known as Stratford Part. Traditionally, this is the base camp of Manchester United die-hard fans and the noisiest place in the whole stadium. [47] The West Stand was originally designed to accommodate 20,000 spectators, and it is also the latest stand with the terrace finally cancelled. The reconstruction plan of the west stand began in the season of 1992-93, and was managed by Alfred McAlpine, a construction company. [48] When the second floor of the West Stand was completed in 2000, a large number of fans gathered in the "K Stand" instead, making it full of slogans and flags, which best preserved the authentic Manchester United culture. Denis law, a famous Manchester United player, has the title of "King of Stratford", and now there is a bronze statue of him on the top floor of the west stand to commemorate the king. [49]

Manchester United's official boutiques have left footprints in six places. First, the boutique is located next to the railway, far from the stadium. After that, the boutique entered the south stand, which was originally opposite the place where the visiting fans entered. After that, the store moved to a place that was later used as a team promotion office. Due to the popularity of 1968+0990, the business platform was moved to the front yard of the west stand, and it expanded from a small shop to a large boutique in one fell swoop. Sir Alex Ferguson presided over the opening ceremony on1994 65438+February 3rd. [50] The latest relocation took place at the end of 1990. As the west stand needs to be rebuilt, the boutique also needs to find another residence. Finally, after rebuilding the East Stand in 2000, the boutique moved to a local store with an area of 65,438+07,000 square feet to continue its business. [5 1] The boutique table is currently operated by Manchester United jersey manufacturer Nike.

The memorial plaque hanging at Old Trafford Stadium to commemorate the Munich air crash is the second stand in Old Trafford that has been transformed into an open-air stand, second only to the North stand. The east stand is also called the scoreboard stand, because the scoreboard of the stadium is located in this stand. At present, the East Stand can accommodate 1.2 million fans. [5] It is a disabled area and a visiting fan area. The disabled area provides 170 seats, and provides free seats for escorts. In the past, Old Trafford used letters to allocate seats for each part, and the East Stand was the former "K Stand", where fans liked to cheer for the club with songs. [52] However, based on the reconstruction of the stadium, the fans of "K Stand" have now moved to the second floor of the west stand, but they will still cheer for Manchester United with songs. The East Stand is also the administrative center of the club, where the staff of Manchester United, the staff of Manchester United Daily, the staff of Manchester United official website and other administrative staff all work. The advertising image department often publicizes in the east stand, the most common one is to promote Nike's new products, and some Busby Babe exhibitions were also exhibited there to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the Munich air crash. Above the boutique is a bronze statue of Sir Michael bisbee, who has coached the team for the longest time so far. A memorial plaque commemorating the Munich air crash is also hung in the East Stand, and the Munich air crash clock is also located at the connection point between the East Stand and the South Stand. [14] On May 29th, 2008, in order to celebrate Manchester United's first Champions League, bronze statues of george best, Dennis Rowe and Bobby Charlton were unveiled across Busby Road. Opposite the bronze statue of the Three Musketeers is the bronze statue of Sir bisbee who led Manchester United to win the first European Championship. [53][54]

The venues of George Best, Dennis Rowe and Bobby Charlton of Manchester United are 106 meters (1 16 yards) long and 69 meters (75 yards) wide, with several meters on each side for run-up. The center of the stadium is 9 inches higher than the edge, so that the rain on the surface of the stadium can flow to the side when it rains. Like other modern courses, under the grass of 10 inch (25 cm) is an underground heating system, in which 23 miles (37 km) of rubber pipes are hidden. Sir Alex Ferguson, the head coach of the team, often asks for grass change. [56][57] Especially when the team 1998-99 won the triple crown in the middle of the season, the grass was re-paved. The grass on the stadium is also watered regularly, but less water is sprinkled in rainy season than in dry season. Sprinkle water three times a week from April to 1 1 month. But only once a week from 1 1 month to March [55]

In the mid-1960s, Manchester United Football Club also had a basketball department, and planned to build a 9,000-seat indoor court in the existing E/KLOC-0 parking lot. However, due to lack of funds at that time, the basketball career was sold. [58]

[Edit] Future

After the completion of the expansion in 2006, Manchester United actively continued to expand the Old Trafford Stadium, and the next step is to rebuild the South Stand. Different from other stands, the South Stand has two floors and still has only one floor of seats. If the South Stand can be expanded like the North Stand, the total capacity of Old Trafford will exceed 95,000 people, surpassing Wembley Stadium to become the largest football field in England. [59] However, it is also difficult to expand the South Station, because the South Station is adjacent to the railway, and the railway station and track need to be relocated. In addition, Manchester United also needs to acquire about 50 houses near the train track, with a total project cost of/kloc-0.00000. [5] However, the property manager of Manchester United said that the expansion plan is imperative and extremely important for the Old Trafford Stadium. However, the expansion project has also brought other problems. The increase of the height of the south stand will reduce the light of the stadium, and other large stadiums such as Wembley Stadium, Bannabe Stadium and St. West Road Stadium are also facing this problem. Manchester United manager Alex Ferguson also said that the reconstruction of the North Stand at Old Trafford has caused some problems. [6 1]

Therefore, it is suggested that Old Trafford Stadium should strive to become the home of England's national football team outside Wembley Stadium, which can attract northern fans to support England. And the FA Cup semi-final to rebuild the reputation of Old Trafford Stadium. [62]

[Edit] Other uses

Old Trafford is not only used for holding football matches, but also for holding various sports activities. If the stadium has not been built, the location of the stadium is used as a place for traditional Scottish highland activities. [63] During World War I, the stadium was used by the US military to play baseball. 198 1 year, there is also a cricket match called Lambert Butler Cup. [64]

Old Trafford also often hosts rugby matches, including league football and rugby, which were held in Old Trafford. However, football leagues are held more often than rugby. Starting from 1998, the final of the League Football Super League is held in Old Trafford every year. However, the first league rugby match was held as early as 1924-25, and Lancashire played a friendly match with New Zealand. [19] The first rugby league was held in June1958165438+10. salford Redskins and Les Rhinoceros played against each other under floodlights, and 8,000 spectators attended the game. [64] The first International Rugby League match was held at Old Trafford in 1986. The visiting Australian team defeated the British team 38- 16 in front of 50,583 spectators. [66][67] 1989 The World Club Challenge was also held in Old Trafford, when the Nordic people defeated the Canberra raiders from Australia by 30- 18 in front of 30,768 spectators. [68] The 2000 League Rugby World Cup, jointly sponsored by Britain, Ireland and France, decided to use Old Trafford Stadium as the final venue of this World Cup. On that day, 44,329 spectators entered the stadium to witness that Australia defeated New Zealand 40- 12 and became the world champion. [69] The first international rugby match held at Old Trafford was played by England against New Zealand in 1997, but was finally defeated by the visiting team 25-8. The second game will not be held until June 6, 2009. [70] This time, England defeated the visiting Argentine team. The World Super welterweight Professional Boxing Championship also attracted 40,000 people to watch the match between Keith abercromby and Nigel Bing. [72]

Besides sports activities, many concerts are also held at Old Trafford Stadium. For example, Bruce Springsteen, Bon Fei Qiao, Genesis Orchestra, Luo Shiyu and Red Choir all performed at Old Trafford Stadium. Old Trafford Stadium often rents out some private parties, such as weddings, Christmas parties and some work meetings. [73] The stadium was rented for the first time in February 1996, and the first wedding was held at Old Trafford Stadium. [74]

[edit] record

From 1949 to 2008, the average attendance rate of Manchester United in each quarter was 1939. The highest attendance at Old Trafford was in the FA Cup semi-final, where Wolves played Gamsby, with a total of 76,962 fans. [1] But the stadium is not full, so the stadium can accommodate more fans. Old Trafford's full attendance record is 76,098, which was set on March 3, 2007 when the Premier League played Blackburn Rovers at home. [1] This is also the highest admission record in the Premier League. [75] The official admission record of the old Trafford jacket was set in the pre-season warm-up match against Inter Milan on August, 2007, and 73,738 fans attended the match. [76] After World War II, the lowest admission record at Old Trafford was 65438+1/968 people created by Manchester United's 3-0 victory over Fu Xian on April 29th, 0950. [77] However, the minimum number of people on the stadium was actually a second-division match 192 1 on May 7th. Interestingly, Manchester United did not get involved again. This game from Stowe Port to Liszt City has only an amazing 13 players. This 13 is only10/3 of the/0/0000 people who watched Manchester United Derbyshire earlier. [78]

The highest average attendance record for the whole season was in 2006-07, with an average of 75,826 fans participating in the competition. [79] Old Trafford's highest attendance rate for the whole season was two seasons later in 2008-09. A total of 2 197429 people entered the stadium to witness Manchester United's three-game winning streak in the Premier League, won the English League Cup and advanced to the final of the European Champions League. [80] The average attendance rate of Old Trafford in the whole season is the lowest from 1930 to 193 1 year, and the average attendance rate per game is only 1 1 685. [8 1]

[Editor] Traffic

Manchester United Football Club is located next to the South Stand of Old Trafford, which is the nearest railway station to Old Trafford Stadium. The station is located on the southern line of the Liverpool-Manchester line, between Dardingsgate Station and Trafford Park Station. The station is only open on the match day, and trains only pass through at other times without stopping. [82] The stadium is also connected with the urban area through the Oringham Line and eccles Line of Manchester Light Rail, and it is very convenient to walk to the stadium from the light rail station in less than 5 minutes. In addition, you can take bus lines such as 17, 1 14, 236, 250 and 252-257 from Piccadilly Station in Manchester to the stadium. [84]