What knowledge should college students have?

Honesty: the foundation of starting a business

Market economy has entered the era of honesty, and honesty, as a special form of capital, has increasingly become the foundation and source of enterprise development.

There is a famous saying in the venture capital circle: "The first element of venture capital success is people, the second element is people, and the third element is people." This is enough to prove that venture capitalists attach importance to the personal qualities of entrepreneurs. In their view, entrepreneurial projects, business plans, business models, etc. What can be changed in time is only the quality of entrepreneurs, which is difficult to change in a short time.

The quality of entrepreneurs determines the market reputation and development space of enterprises. If you don't keep "integrity", you may "win temporary benefits", but you will inevitably "lose long-term benefits". On the other hand, it can bring rolling financial resources with good reputation and make entrepreneurship better and better.

Self-confidence: the driving force of starting a business

Wada Kazuo, the founder of Japanese Yaohan Group, started from a small fruit shop, but was burned by a big fire with his bare hands. However, supported by the belief that "you can't build a new one without destroying the old one", he finally made a comeback and became a famous entrepreneur.

People's will can exert infinite power to turn dreams into reality. For entrepreneurs, confidence is the driving force for starting a business. I have confidence in myself and the future. I firmly believe that success or failure is not destiny takes a hand, but my own efforts, and I firmly believe that I can overcome all difficulties.

Courage: regard setbacks as the cornerstone of success.

Silicon Valley has the reputation of "entrepreneurial base camp". Every year, tens of thousands of enterprises fall down and thousands of entrepreneurs become rich overnight. John, a well-known American entrepreneurial coach? Naishan said: "The secret of creating a myth of success in Silicon Valley is failure. The result of failure may be embarrassing, but it is an inexhaustible living teaching material. The efforts and experience accumulated in the process of failure are a valuable foundation for creating the next success. " Success requires experience accumulation, and the process of starting a business is to turn over and climb the slope in constant failure. Only by accumulating experience and wealth in failure and making continuous progress can we reach the other side of success. American 3M Company has a "wise saying" about starting a business: In order to find a prince, you must kiss countless frogs. For entrepreneurs, they should have the courage to face difficulties and dare to "kiss" difficulties.

Leadership: the intangible capital of entrepreneurs

A lion leads a flock of sheep better than a sheep leads a flock of lions. This old western proverb illustrates the importance of entrepreneurial leadership. The success of an enterprise is inseparable from team strength, but it depends more on the leader himself. Entrepreneurs are a spiritual banner of enterprises, and their words and deeds will affect the rise and fall of enterprises. Corporate culture is called the soul and spiritual pillar of an enterprise. The essence of corporate culture is the leadership spirit of entrepreneurs, which is the "unrepeatable" wealth of employees and the key to the survival and development of start-ups.

Love: the catalyst for the success of entrepreneurship

In today's increasingly fierce competition, the public image positioning of products and enterprises plays a key role in the success of entrepreneurship. Caring is an important factor that constitutes honesty and a good business atmosphere. From a certain point of view, love is the "catalyst" for entrepreneurial success. David packard, founder of hewlett-packard, put forward: "an enterprise's responsibility to society is far more important than that of shareholders." The billionaire lives in a simple house, but he has donated countless money to many universities and charitable foundations. Enterprises actively undertake social responsibilities, enthusiastically support public welfare undertakings, form a good social reputation, and then have a strong supporting role for the development of enterprises. A successful person once lamented that sometimes, no matter how much money is spent on advertising, it is better to do more things that are beneficial to society and get twice the result with half the effort.

Social skills: use your strength to find shortcuts.

In the past, people always emphasized self-employment, but now this concept is changing. The role of interpersonal relationship in entrepreneurship is gradually increasing, and the circle of contacts is increasingly becoming a "reservoir" for entrepreneurial information, funds and experience, and sometimes it can even play a magical role in business activities. At present, the role of "friend economy" in attracting investment is increasingly apparent. The members of China Financial Investors Club of Peking University include the owners of investment companies, securities dealers, bankers and financial officials of government departments, who control the capital of 654.38+02 billion yuan and unlimited business opportunities.

Cooperation ability: seek advantages and avoid disadvantages, and form a joint force.

Miracle, president of Ctrip Computer Technology (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., told young entrepreneurs that a good entrepreneurial team is the key to Ctrip's success. Team members of Ctrip. From Oracle Bone Inscriptions, Deutsche Bank and Shanghai Travel Agency. It is the perfect combination of technology, management, financial operation and tourism. Everyone started a business together, shared their knowledge and experience, and avoided many "minefields" for starting a business.

Innovative spirit: the vitamin of successful entrepreneurship

Ceng Xianzi, the founder of Goldlion Iron, said: "Be creative in doing business, not have capital!" In the fierce competitive market, it is difficult for enterprises lacking innovation to gain a firm foothold. Reform and innovation will always be the source of enterprise vitality and competitiveness.

Courage: Do it when you have to.

In the entrepreneurial world, risks and opportunities often coexist. Entrepreneurs must be good at discovering new things and have a strong desire to explore new things; You must dare to take risks, even if you are not completely sure, you must try decisively.

A keen eye: those who know the times will eventually succeed.

In business, vision plays a decisive role. Many small entrepreneurs with little money have dug up the "first bucket of gold" by accurately grasping some obscure information. In the early days of market economy, there are many opportunities, as if you can make money by doing anything, as long as you have enough courage and ability. But now people in every industry and field are doing it. Fierce market competition declared the end of "profiteering era" and replaced it with "meager profit era". Therefore, entrepreneurial opportunities must be explored by entrepreneurs themselves.

Implement the overall strategy of entrepreneurship

Impulse! It is the driving force of entrepreneurship. Without impulse, there is a lack of motivation to let go and stand on your feet. But under the impulse, if you want to succeed in starting a business, you still have to follow certain steps step by step, so as to improve the chances of success in starting a business.

Consulting professional entrepreneurial consultants.

It is necessary to make preparations in advance if you want to succeed in starting a business. Before starting a business, you should first consult a professional business consulting agency or consultant. You can spend money to find some professional consultants, or you can choose some free consulting institutions, such as associations and government agencies.

Write a business plan

The writing of the plan is not only necessary, but also very important to the whole entrepreneurial process. Because, through the writing of the plan, you can not only know more clearly whether the plan is complete and comprehensive, but also find someone to invest in shares or provide advice before you have specific content. If you want to apply for a youth entrepreneurship loan, you must also attach a plan.

Venture capital raising

The hardest part is actually in the beginning If you don't have enough funds, it will be even more difficult to start a business. When the venture capital of entrepreneurs is insufficient, the way to raise funds can not only borrow from relatives and friends, but also try to seek relevant loan resources from the government to solve the problem of insufficient venture capital.

How to choose industry to decide products

Before choosing the industry you want to start a business, you must first measure how much venture capital you have. Because the total investment for various industries is high or low, each industry is different, so first measure what industries your own funds can do, and then make further plans. Then according to the development prospects of the industry, their own interests, specialties, tendencies, past relevant work experience, industry competitiveness and other factors to evaluate, to see which industry they are suitable for and which industry they are engaged in has the most competitive advantage.

Learn business skills

After choosing the right industry, the next question is how to manage technology. Of course, if you choose to join a chain store, the headquarters will teach you all the skills. However, if you start your own business, you must find ways to teach yourself. As far as learning approaches are concerned, there are generally many skills classes in the local area, including all kinds of catering, snacks, coffee, foamed black tea, flower arrangement, wine mixing and so on. In addition, some vocational training centers also offer various vocational training courses. Before opening a shop, it is best to have practical experience in this industry.

Selection and decoration of storefronts

The choice of location has a great influence on the future operation of the store, so we must find a good store in the business circle. Just in the process of looking for a store, it is often impossible to find an ideal store at one time. At this time, you must be patient and keep looking. Don't give up halfway Shop decoration is related to the management style of a shop and the first impression of its appearance. Therefore, the choice of decoration manufacturers is very important. The decoration manufacturers you are looking for must have relevant store decoration experience. The choice and decoration of storefronts will be favorable factors to attract customers.

Apply for a business license

You must apply for relevant licenses before opening a store, otherwise it belongs to unlicensed operation. There are two kinds of applications for licenses: one is to apply for a company license, which is issued by the industrial and commercial bureau; The other is small capital, which only needs to be registered as a profit-making enterprise and issued by the local county and city industry and commerce. Most shops can only register for-profit enterprises because of lack of funds. In addition, you must apply to the tax authorities for a unified invoice, unless it is allowed to be exempted from using a unified invoice, it must be handled. In addition to applying for a business license, if you want the signboard hung in your shop not to be abused by others, but to be used by yourself, you must also apply to the Industrial and Commercial Bureau for registration of service marks. The name of the signboard hanging in front of the store can have its own special design besides the name, text or pattern. This kind of non-commodity text and image is called service seal. It is different from the name of the company or enterprise you applied for, and their names may be different.

Prepare financial instruments and equipment

Next, you must be prepared to buy all kinds of equipment and money-making tools in the store. Because a store needs to prepare a lot of complicated things, in order to avoid omissions, it is necessary to write a list of equipment for opening a store, listing all the details, large and small, indicating the name, quantity and unit price of each household appliance, so as to know how much it costs.

Opening promotion

When everything is ready, we are ready for the official opening ceremony. In order to attract customers on the opening day, it is inevitable to hold some promotional activities, which are nothing more than discounts, gifts and lottery.

Culture is the sum total of material and spiritual existence created by human beings in the long-term historical development. Corporate culture management is a new management theory based on the concept of "people-oriented", and it is the subject of people-oriented management. By cultivating enterprise group consciousness with unified ideals and beliefs, values, behavioral norms and psychological characteristics, we can build enterprise system culture and material state culture and form the best management mechanism.

Enterprise is an indispensable part of social development and process. The main purpose of enterprise management is to pursue profit, sustainable development and independent brand innovation. Then, under the current pattern of global economic integration, corporate culture is an indispensable part of whether an enterprise can continue to develop in the fierce market competition. I am engaged in the real estate property management industry, and now I will talk about corporate culture as the core competitiveness of enterprises with my own experience.

Whether an enterprise can effectively realize corporate culture management depends on the influence of the unity of corporate culture on each member of the enterprise. If the corporate culture has a strong and profound positive influence and guiding role on every member of the enterprise, every member can generally own and widely accept the group consciousness and institutional culture of the enterprise; Then, this kind of culture is a powerful driving force for the development of enterprises, and it will certainly produce a powerful invisible driving force for the development of enterprises. On the contrary, an enterprise's cultural consciousness is chaotic, and it is difficult to find substantive consistency in multiculturalism. The mainstream subcultures are contradictory, the individual and group consciousness are contradictory, the value norms are not unified, the form is divorced from the essence, and the cultural proposition runs counter to the cultural practice, so it is difficult for an enterprise to develop its corporate culture.

The role of members and groups in corporate culture

As mentioned above, whether an enterprise can effectively realize corporate culture management depends on the influence of the unity of corporate culture on each member of the enterprise. Simply put, it is whether the management behavior of the enterprise is recognized and accepted by employees, and the degree of employees' response to this behavior. The employee handbook of Bizhi Vanke emphasizes that "a healthy and rich life, without satisfied employees, there will be no satisfied customers". Of course, corporate culture is not a commodity or article that can be carried with you. Here are just examples. It is undeniable that employees are the creators of enterprise development and profits, and are an important force to gain market share; Employees are dissatisfied with the internal management of their own enterprises, the complicated interpersonal relationships, the value they create, the respect for their work and the cohesion of their own enterprises. How do they create the best service or product? How can the services or products provided by enterprises satisfy customers? Therefore, corporate culture should be recognized by employees, so that employees can further develop their potential creativity. It is not that managers of enterprises rigidly impose these cultures or ideas on employees through their own will, but emphasize two-way communication and interaction. As far as we know, employees of some enterprises always receive birthday cards or books signed by the general manager every birthday, which reads "Happy birthday to you and thank you for your contribution and efforts to the company". Although the commodity value of these things is not too high, the intangible value of this concern is far more valuable and meaningful than the commodities available in the market.

If corporate culture is recognized by employees and plays a role, it will form a higher level of conscious behavior. Of course, this requires a variety of management methods that meet the characteristics of enterprises, such as a fair competitive environment, incentive mechanisms, training and assessment mechanisms. Why can "Haier" become the world's top 500, and stand in front of China people and the world with the title of "giant" in the world's home appliance industry? Among them, corporate values and corporate ideas can be recognized by employees, the personal values of China workers can be reflected, and corporate values and personal values can be unified; Let employees be willing to pay for the enterprise, they will consciously find their own shortcomings in the process of work or service, consciously accept corrections, and consciously innovate services. As early as the last century, Marlowe's hierarchy theory (physiological needs → safety needs → social needs → respect needs → self-realization) pointed out that enterprises should pay attention to the needs of employees; If employees have a high sense of identity and belonging to the enterprise, it will form the unity of corporate culture. Therefore, shaping a good corporate culture atmosphere and transforming this intangible value into tangible products or services will play a huge role in the development and growth of enterprises.

On the basis of group roles and member roles, corporate culture plays a deeper team role. The group system model put forward by homans, a management scientist (whose function is to complete the tasks entrusted by the organization, improve the level of members' thoughts, knowledge and skills, and form a new resultant force to meet the psychological needs of members) illustrates the role of the team. Then, how can enterprises form this group atmosphere into a good team spirit culture?

First of all, enterprises should create a relaxed and simple interpersonal relationship. When the interpersonal relationships of employees are complex or even not improved, the complex interpersonal relationships they deal with every day cannot form a strong synergy. As enterprise managers, we should fully create a team atmosphere of corporate culture. Many enterprises set up committees, such as "staff committees" and "technical committees", which is a good way to create a team atmosphere and form a culture in which the team is aware of spontaneity. From the management point of view, it is to achieve the purpose of resource sharing. As far as the unit I am engaged in is concerned, there are actually quite a lot of talents in some enterprises, and the proportion of corresponding professionals and even graduate students, doctors and MBA degrees is also quite large. It should be said that there will be certain market competitiveness, but on the contrary, the big reason is that enterprises have not created a culture of teamwork and formed a joint force, and functional departments and business departments have formed a phenomenon of fragmentation.

Secondly, whether the best team can be assembled depends on whether the team is harmonious, whether the team members get along well and so on. If some members of the team feel that "nobody cares about me, everyone cares about each other", or are angry with someone in the team, or can't stand the management style of the team leader, they won't work hard and can't cooperate well with others. As a result, the performance of the whole team was weakened. Then, as a manager or department head, we must dredge and coordinate this relationship and improve improper management methods in time, improve individual team consciousness and form team culture concept.

Ensure a smooth corporate culture environment.

The purpose of communication is to let the other party know your thoughts or ideas clearly, gain knowledge, or find out similarities and differences, or find problems and solve them. Corporate culture should emphasize "communication". Imagine, maybe we have a lot of questions and opinions at work or in conversation with customers. This is not a question of who is right or wrong. A big reason is that we don't see things from each other's point of view. Communication doesn't have to achieve the goal. Communication needs to find out the similarities and differences, and then * * * find out the problems and solve them together. Therefore, as internal communication, it will indirectly affect the communication of external customers. Therefore, enterprises should provide a good communication platform and form a good communication atmosphere.

The atmosphere of communication is not limited to top-down communication, and only the leaders have the final say. With the continuous refinement of specialization and information diversification, it is difficult for competent managers to control the lifeblood of enterprises without establishing horizontal, vertical and multi-level communication. Then we advocate this diversified communication, which requires enterprises to create a good communication platform, form this diversified communication into a culture, and improve the participation of employees. If there is a smooth communication channel and a good communication atmosphere, we will arrange the work, and the employees may take the initiative to give you feedback on the completion, and the difficult problems in the process will seek the assistance or guidance of others or superiors, thus greatly improving the work efficiency.

The service industry, in particular, is highly transactional, complex and service-oriented, and needs a good communication atmosphere. Many enterprises not only advocate diversified communication in content, but also establish good external communication channels, such as regular meetings, regular heart-to-heart talks among employees, general manager reception days, comments and suggestions mailboxes, and the establishment of network communication networks.

Give play to a good corporate culture communication atmosphere, which is not limited to business communication. We talked about "the role of members" earlier, and so did communication. Today's "people" need physiological, safety, social, respect and self-realization needs. People are not like running machines, but they have thoughts. The main object of communication is people. Through communication, employees' mood and mentality can be stabilized and misunderstandings can be eliminated.

The Role of Corporate Culture in Talents

It can be said that having a reasonable staffing and giving full play to the role of talents will be an important core competitiveness of enterprises. Can everyone complete the task well in their work, and can the imported people play a role? I think it is not only the salary mechanism, but more importantly, whether there is a development platform for fair competition and whether it fully reflects the value of self-realization. This is the important role of corporate culture.

With the continuous improvement of the market economy system, under the national macro-control, enterprise management has become a meager profit. Only by giving full play to the role of talents and creating business profits and brand effects can we enhance market competitiveness. Under the premise of the same position and salary between enterprises, the key to who can retain talents and play their role lies in whether there is a difference between the value of enterprises and the value of individuals, and whether this difference has been improved. Otherwise, we can only give full play to the most basic role of employees. "The so-called boss does as much as he gets paid" is far from initiative, enthusiasm and initiative, and even leads to brain drain. On the other hand, if an enterprise has a good corporate values to guide its employees, an upward environment and opportunities to play, it may make more contributions to the enterprise and even create unexpected value in addition to completing the tasks that employees should complete. Because the enterprise can give him a sense of identity, the value can be well reflected and played.

Many corporate cultures emphasize "employees first", such as "Vanke". Why can their team create such good results? There is no doubt that enterprises have a group of responsible and dedicated talents. Enterprises emphasize dedication and hard work, respect the efforts of employees, and their efforts will be rewarded and recognized; Enterprises encourage employees in many ways, give them care and help, and make employees realize their goals and values through good training mechanism and career planning; Enterprises have a fair competition platform and advocate a cultural atmosphere of both competition and cooperation; Employees get happy work and life in a relaxed atmosphere and simple interpersonal relationships.

The Influence of Corporate Culture on Executive Power

As far as the execution of corporate culture is concerned, we can think that horse-drawn carriages were the main means of transportation in ancient China. Firstly, the story of two grooms is introduced: a businessman consigned two batches of goods with the same weight from the same place to a man named Dr. Masu and another man named Dr. Ma Zi to the same port. As a result, "Masudaev" arrived one day earlier than "Mazidaev" and loaded the goods on the cargo ship. After that, the businessman entrusted all the goods to him for transportation. For a long time, Ma Zidaifu couldn't find a business, so he asked Ma Zidaifu. My horse is as strong as yours, and your carriage runs faster than me. Masudev told him, "I not only give my horse enough food every day, but also spend a lot of time playing, talking, chatting and even sleeping beside it." After listening to Dr. Masu, Dr. Masu did as Dr. Masu said. Soon, his carriage ran very fast and his business increased. Finally, he concluded that horses have feelings like people.

Of course, enterprise management is much more complicated than the "horse-drawn carriage story", but it can be said that a decision or plan can not be well completed by a leader using his position to say a word. At the same time, the above story also reflects an efficiency problem. If there are many problems in the implementation process, it will undoubtedly affect the work efficiency. An enterprise without an efficient operation mechanism will definitely affect its development and business.

To improve the executive power of enterprises, in addition to scientific management methods such as reasonable organizational structure, division of labor and cooperation, improving information communication channels, personnel quality, supervision and management, it is also indispensable to support a good corporate culture. In China, "Haier" is the first enterprise to use "process management" to improve execution and work efficiency. At the same time, enterprises have formed an efficient culture. Execution, efficiency and benefit have reached an agreement, which is simply the role of "people". So how to improve the execution of corporate culture?

First of all, enterprises establish efficient execution procedures according to their own characteristics, and form an execution culture of enterprises, including: accuracy of objectives, degree of quantification, operability, specific time arrangement, sequence of concepts, division of labor and cooperation, feedback of execution, supervision and inspection, etc. Enterprises put some efficient execution procedures through all employees, so that employees can understand, accept and apply them at any time.

Secondly, establish a team execution culture;

The realization mentioned above is mainly the role of "people". Enterprises should create an implementation culture with both division of labor and cooperation, and actively communicate and feedback information. Let employees form a responsible and dedicated spirit in the implementation, just like the "Haier" culture of "everyone is responsible and everything is in charge". Only by forming such an atmosphere can the implementation be fully exerted.

Finally, the execution should be combined with scientific management methods.

Corporate culture should create a variety of incentives, give appropriate authorization to the middle and lower levels, and give full play to the potential and innovation ability of employees; On the one hand, it can improve the enthusiasm and initiative of grass-roots personnel, on the other hand, it can cultivate more talents and increase capital for the development and growth of enterprises. To strengthen the execution of enterprises, it is necessary to combine the system of enterprises and put an end to the inequality of rights, obligations and interests.

Corporate culture is not a portable commodity.

It is the stupidest behavior for an enterprise to have no corporate culture, but corporate culture is not a commodity that can be carried around, and only the most basic knowledge can be bought in the market. Many friends and colleagues have been to the community and office where I work. I said "welcome to visit and guide" to them, but the only thing you can't take away-corporate culture. Even if you copy the past, it will not have any effect, and in some cases it may be counterproductive, because the characteristics, growth experiences and development strategies of enterprises are different. Corporate culture is based on the characteristics of the industry, the growth and development of enterprises, and continuous reform and innovation in development, thus forming a culture and behavior that conforms to their own enterprises. I don't think it can be copied or misappropriated.

Organizational learning enterprise culture

Nowadays, knowledge and information are constantly changing, and enterprises can't rest on their past achievements. In order to enhance the competitiveness of enterprises, it is necessary to form an organizational learning corporate culture environment. This is not only the need of enterprise competition, but also the need of employees. At present, many enterprises spend a lot of money to train employees, with the aim of constantly updating knowledge, improving work efficiency, cultivating talents and enhancing core competitiveness. Now the service industry has changed from smiling service to star service to personalized demand service to exceeding customer demand. Smile service is already the most basic, so it is still in the primary stage and has fallen behind. Organizational learning culture should form active → conscious behavior, thus forming the behavior of enterprises from active innovation to independent innovation. At present, it is a fact that China's automobile industry and high-tech industry advocate a large number of independent innovation brands. We can't always walk behind others, nor can we be followers all our lives. We should learn to have our own core brand and core competitiveness and be leaders.

On the other hand, only by establishing organizational learning culture can enterprises meet the demand for talents. One of the reasons for the high turnover rate is that there are no opportunities for learning and training in enterprises, that is, they cannot meet the improvement of employees' ability; Nowadays, the competition for talents is fierce, and employees at least want to improve their abilities in the enterprise.

Nowadays, it is no longer feasible to conquer the world by "specializing in one subject". Organizational learning enterprise culture should cultivate compound talents who know both business and management, as well as technology and management, which is the most needed talent for enterprises. At present, management, technology and information form three major resources, and enterprises should make full use of these resources by establishing a cultural atmosphere of learning, so that enterprises can continue to innovate and develop.

In the process of enterprise development, we should constantly carry forward the excellent historical culture and carry out cultural innovation.

According to the characteristics of the industry, corporate culture is constantly accumulated in the growth and development of enterprises, and constantly reformed and innovated in the development, thus forming a culture and code of conduct that conforms to the survival and development of their own enterprises. The development law of things is tortuous, and enterprises, like people, have to go through the stages of germination or rise, growth and development, maturity, decline and even disappearance. Their business purpose is to make profits and prolong the life of enterprises. Then, corporate culture is to accumulate and develop excellent management experience, methods and styles in line with their own enterprises at all stages of the development process of enterprises, and constantly apply them to the management of enterprises, so as to make enterprises develop continuously and prolong their vitality.

Mention "Haier", and everyone will associate it with Zhang Ruimin, CEO of Haier Group. /kloc-In the past eight years, Haier Group has developed from a small collective factory with a loss of 6.5438+0.47 million yuan to the first brand in China with a global turnover of 7.65438+0.1100 million yuan in 2002, and gained a higher and higher reputation in the world. In management practice, Zhang Ruimin combined the essence of China traditional culture with western modern management thought, and created Haier culture with China characteristics and competitiveness.

"Haier" is to constantly carry forward the excellent historical culture, carry out cultural innovation and make the enterprise stronger and bigger in the development process. Therefore, enterprises should accumulate cultural essence beneficial to their own development, learn modern management ideas, theories and methods, promote enterprise reform and innovation, and take the road of sustainable development. China's ten-year Cultural Revolution is a good lesson. Comrade Deng Xiaoping said that "reform and opening up" is the only way out for China, and the facts show the preservation and innovation of culture.