Common quality problems of hydropower transformation in home improvement construction manual

After the faucet of the towing tank is installed, it cannot be straightened; Too many walls.

In the process of waterway reconstruction, all entrances and exits should be straight, and after acceptance, the exits should be fixed with cement mortar. Prevent the water inlet and water outlet from inclining in the process of sticking wall tiles. Because most of the current water pipes are PP-R pipes, which are hot-melted, it is difficult to ensure that each outlet is straight. The consequence of sticking is that when the faucet is installed in the later stage, the faucet also tilts with the inner elbow of the water pipe. In particular to the water outlets of mop pools, showers and water heaters. Prevention and control measures: after the waterway reconstruction is completed, let the hydraulic workers fix the entrances and exits with gypsum or cement mortar after acceptance. Some workers use wood blocks and iron wires to fix them in order to save trouble. This is not easy to accept and easy to be hit. The main points of acceptance of the water inlet and outlet are: vertical, parallel to the wall, firm, appropriate length of the outlet wall (according to the thickness of wall brick paving), distance between hot and cold outlets (shower), left hot and right cold.

The shower mixing valve can't be installed, one is high and the other is low, or the hot and cold water are upside down.

The distance between hot and cold water of shower mixing valve should be15 0.5 cm, beyond this range, it is difficult to install. And the two water outlets should be highly consistent. All mixing faucets turn hot water to the left and cold water to the right. If your faucet is hot on the left and cold on the right, you will often make mistakes and get burned in serious cases. The key positions are: shower nozzle and water heater nozzle. If there is something wrong with the shower, there is nothing to do but rework it. There is an error in the port of the water heater, and the hoses can be cross-installed, which will be ugly. Of course: the sockets under the cupboard and the cupboard washbasin are wrong. It is better to say that it can be cross-installed without affecting the appearance. Prevention and control measures: during waterway reconstruction or construction, check each outlet, one pipe at a time. Especially the shower position, must be installed correctly. In particular, shower heads should be specially inspected, and the spacing, height and correctness should be correct. Corresponding acceptance criteria: the waterway pressure test is 8Kg, the left side is hot and the right side is cold, the outlet is correct, the distance between the cold and hot nozzles of the shower is correct, and the heights of the two outlets are the same.

Waterway reconstruction destroyed the waterproof of the bathroom, resulting in water leakage on the wall.

Now more and more people pay attention to simple decoration, and the waterway has not changed much. As long as you add a few hot water to change the water pipe into a concealed pipe, the ground waterproof will basically not move. Hydraulic engineers directly cut a hole in the wall in the corner, take out the hot and cold water, and then enter the water heater in the kitchen. When the hydraulic transformation is completed, there are not many closed water tests because there is no slot in the ground. As a result, when I handed over my work, I found that my bathroom leaked to the downstairs or the next room. You have to smash the disk again and rework it, which will cost a lot. Although someone has done a closed water test, there is no trace of water seepage in the bathroom downstairs. I started pasting again. As a result, water seeped into the neighbor's wall. It is also waterproof. Solution: the bathroom has waterproof requirements, and the waterproof layer cannot be destroyed during hydraulic construction. So how do you get the hot and cold water out of the bathroom? The correct construction method should be: the pipe has a 40cm hole in the wall, and when it is outside, it will go down to the ground and go to the kitchen water heater. This will not damage the waterproof layer of 20cm on the bathroom wall. In addition, when you paste the floor tiles again, you must do a waterproof test.

There is a water pipe slot on the wall, and the water pipe is too shallow to be covered with putty when approving the wall.

Grooving should be concealed, and the depth of grooving must be greater than the outer diameter of the pipe. The pipe can be easily buried in the groove. Especially the walls of bedrooms, halls and corridors. Because in the future, latex paint should be painted on it. If the groove is too shallow, and the water pipe is bent. Batch of putty can't cover it. It can only be a very thin layer, or simply make the pipeline thicker, which will cause uneven wall or easy cracking. Especially when heating is reformed, the temperature of the water pipe is very high, and it is easy to crack the putty.

Solution: First of all, we must let the hydraulic workers open the groove deep enough to avoid trouble. After the pipe is welded, it should be fixed with wooden wedge and copper wire. Prevent water pipes from protruding out of the wall. When the waterway is finally accepted, check all water pipes again to see if any water pipes are higher than the wall or basically flat with the wall. In this case, we insist on hydraulic rectification.

The sewer pipe is not protected, resulting in poor drainage or blockage.

The water circuit needs to be slotted in the wall, which is very dirty and a lot of ash falls to the ground. There are several floor drains and sewer pipes on the ground. If a lot of ash falls into the floor drain and cannot flow away, it will be in trouble. Because some workers are not very responsible, they don't say anything when they know that the floor drain is blocked. When it was finished, all the workers began to quarrel. The plumber said that the mason dropped the cement into the floor drain, and the mason said that the painter washed the bucket washed with putty and fell directly into the water, causing solidification and blocking the water. The painter also said that it was done by other types of work. I don't know. Of course, there is another situation: when the house is delivered, the water is not smooth. So when we take the house, we must check the floor drain again. If there is water in the water, we will immediately notify the property for maintenance.

Solution: When workers enter the construction site, they are required to protect the floor drain with plastic sheets or something to prevent things from falling in. The finished product is well protected and naturally worry-free.

After the completion of the waterway, the pressure test was carried out, and there was no water seepage, but after the completion, the wall was found to have serious water seepage.

After the completion of the waterway, pressure test, no water seepage. Start the next process, including lining and sticking disk. As a result, when the vertical pipe was wrapped, a hole was made in the wall, and the hot water pipe was broken, because there was no water in the hot water pipe or the water had been drained long ago, and the workers did not know that the water pipe was broken. After the completion, as soon as the water heater was turned on, the wall began to seep. I have to redo it.

Solution: In fact, it is very simple, that is, after the waterway is completed, connect the hot and cold water pipes with hoses, so that the hot water pipes are also filled with water. When a worker accidentally broke the water pipe, water quickly flowed out due to the pressure of tap water (3 kg). So it can be solved in time. This method can also be used in circuits. For example, when hanging a local ceiling in a restaurant, turn on the lights in the restaurant first. When a hole was made in the wall to make the ceiling, the electric hammer accidentally broke the wire, and the light went out immediately, so the carpenter knew that the wire was broken. We'll start maintenance right away. If the light doesn't work, I don't know when the wire was cut. It's troublesome to check.

If two lamps or lamps and sockets cannot be used at the same time, they will trip when used:

At present, many anti-leakage protection switches are generally installed in the circuits of commercial houses. Some even divide the air conditioner into multiple channels, separate the kitchen circuit into one channel, one channel for lighting and one channel for socket. The main points are very detailed. If it is a duplex building, there is an electric box upstairs and an electric box downstairs, which are controlled separately. Convenient maintenance, convenient use and relative safety. However, when the circuit is reformed, it should be noted that the live wire and the zero wire of each leakage protection switch cannot be mixed. The result of mixing is that it often trips for no reason. Some lights can be used normally, but the socket can't be used. Either the socket can be used normally or the lights can't be turned on. If both are used at the same time, it will definitely trip. Very distressed.

Reason: When electricians transform circuits, they sometimes add a socket or lamp holder here. Because this position only needs the live line or the zero line, they have to pull a line from other places. Some electricians just want to save trouble and pull a line nearby, no matter which line he is.

When it was completed, or even later, the owner discovered that they could not be used at the same time. After the maintenance, the electrician also forgot where to connect the cable and how to connect it. Maintenance is more troublesome.

Solution: How many lines are there before construction, and which electrical appliances are controlled by each line? When wiring, check that wiring cannot be done at will. Especially for two distribution boxes in a duplex building, lighting electricity cannot be mixed. When handing over, turn on all the lights and check all the sockets with electrical appliances.

Inconsistent installation heights of sockets in the same room:

After the circuit transformation, it is found that there are many sockets and switches in each room, air conditioning sockets, double-control switches, closed-circuit sockets, electrical sockets, as well as security sockets and buttons. Looks like a mess. If each socket is arranged in place, it is horizontal and vertical, and it is also neat. I don't feel this way. In particular, the sockets in the living room are one after another. If the connected sockets are not uniform in height, it is the ugliest. Some even stagger, but they are not correct. It has a great influence on the whole decoration effect. Some sockets connected together have the same height, but the spacing is large and small, uneven and ugly.

Solution: during construction, play a horizontal line on the wall, and the height of all sockets should be consistent with the height of the horizontal line. Especially the position of a row of sockets. Not only the height is consistent, but also the spacing should be consistent. Some sockets don't need to be moved, which were installed by the original developer, but the height is not uniform. This requires workers to make adjustments, but they can't make adjustments and change the bottom box again. If the height of some sockets is inconsistent, there is still room for adjustment between the bottom box and the panel. Can be turned up and down.

Attachment: the height standard of the socket: (Everything is not absolute, it is based on the owner's own habits, and it is enough for him to use it comfortably. )

Ordinary power outlets have no special requirements, generally 300mm to 400mm from the ground.

The height of the switch panel can vary from 1200mm to 1300mm according to the owner's height, generally depending on the size of the developer.

The height of the air-conditioning socket is lower than that of the cabinet socket, and it is as high as other ordinary sockets. It is highly unified and beautiful. The height of the hanging socket is about 1800mm to 1900mm, or determined according to the height of the air conditioning hole reserved by the developer.

The height of the kitchen electrical socket should be designed by the cabinet designer. Before hydropower transformation, let the cabinet design and draw hydropower drawings.

One socket in the room can't be used, others can be used normally:

In circuit design, the weak current may be connected in a star shape, but the sockets are all connected in series. What we do is to wire the sockets in several rooms separately. Therefore, the wire of one socket is not pressed well, and all the sockets behind it are dead. The developer's series connection method is: connect the wires in series by pressing the cap, and then branch out a route to use the socket. The electrician's series connection method is: directly press the wires of two sockets together through the sockets and walk to other rooms one by one. Some electricians are unprofessional in installing sockets, and some wires are not well pressed, resulting in no electricity at the back sockets. Some electricians removed the original crimping cap during construction, and the wiring was loose, which also led to the lack of electricity in the back socket.

Solution: When the circuit is accepted, use an electric meter to check whether there is a short circuit or an open circuit on each line. After acceptance, the conduit shall be sealed. In addition, when I handed over the work, I was looking for electrical appliances to check all the sockets. After the work is completed, the electrician should make a circuit diagram, indicating the direction of the circuit and the direction of the socket. Convenient for future maintenance.

The signal on the TV line is very weak;

At present, closed circuit or series connection, with one in series and an amplifier, will reduce the signal loss and have little influence on the TV effect. If you use digital TV in the future, you can no longer consider serial ports, because digital signals will drop sharply because of each serial port. Affect watching the program. As far as the current closed-circuit TV lines are concerned, if they are not properly constructed, they will also cause weak TV signals. Moreover, many owners now use wall-mounted TVs in the living room, and the closed lines have to be shifted, and the original lines are buried inside, which is very troublesome to maintain. The reasons that easily lead to weak signal are: improper connection of closed lines, and some workers directly connect the lines like wires to save trouble, and the signal will definitely be weak in the end.

Solution: After determining how many TV sets there are at home and how many places need to be moved, buy some power amplifiers or sockets with amplification effect. Of course, if every TV line is wired, so much the better.

Circuit transformation that is often forgotten

Circuit transformation is more troublesome. According to the actual settlement, one meter is still a lot of money. Some owners want to save some money, but the workers simply do it. As a result, I forgot some important sockets. Living in a place like this feels very troublesome. It's ugly to take the open wire away or expose it with a row of plugs. Some workers are careless and bury wires in shapes. For example, the living room made a TV background wall, made of wooden keel and gypsum board, and finally painted latex paint, only to find that the air conditioning line was buried in the background wall. The living room can't use air conditioning, that's for sure, only the background wall can be removed again. This requires labor, time and money. The sockets that are often forgotten are: the double control of the bedroom, the yuba in the bathroom, the socket behind the modeling wall, the socket of the hot pot in the restaurant, the socket of the water dispenser, the network cable behind the TV (for digital TV), the air conditioning cable in each room, the computer cable, the network cable, the kitchen and the place with the most appliances.

Solution: Before construction, design the wire transformation of each room to ensure that it will not be forgotten. The socket in the kitchen is designed by the cabinet master, who is responsible for drawing the circuit. Check the circuit again after acceptance.

No ground wire protection, no color difference, trouble in later maintenance;

It is very important to protect the ground wire, so as to ensure that household appliances leak electricity and hurt people. The color separation of wires is also very important, because the circuit will be repaired when it is used in the future. Because the socket is dead or the socket and switch panel are broken. When repairing, if the wires are colored, it is very easy to reinstall them, and you can even install them yourself. If there is no color separation, ask an electrician to take an electric pen to test it. The correct color separation method is: red fire line, blue zero line, yellow control line and yellow-green ground line.

Solution: Before construction, the problem of wire color separation should be clearly explained to the constructor. The materials are accepted in the site, depending on the brand of the wire. How many colors are there? How many specifications (four square meters for kitchen air conditioning line and 2.5 square meters for others)? Generally, if there is no ground wire, it should be that one of the ground wires is broken, and the socket behind it has no ground wire. Find the damaged place and reconnect the ground wire.

The wire is measured with an electric pen, and there is no electricity or tripping when it is used: the electric pen measures the circuit with electricity, but it is found that there is no electricity when it is used. It is possible that the wire is basically damaged and will be disconnected, but it is still connected, with a small amount of power supply. But the use of large electrical appliances, but can not be used. The lamp or socket worked fine, but it tripped in a short time. There may be a small amount of electricity leakage (common), such as the wire hitting the wall when installing the socket. Or a small number of short circuits occur, and the fire is ignited from time to time, and it can barely be used, but it will trip soon.

Detection method: use megohmmeter to detect, and the test is accurate once. The resistance between the wires of all sockets and the ground or between the live wire and the neutral wire should be greater than 0.5 megohm. If there is a small amount of leakage, it will definitely not reach 0.5 megohm. The simple way to solve the problem is to find a big electrical appliance (such as an electric hammer), a socket and a socket experiment.

Kitchen and bathroom, the original bottom box was directly sealed and could not be repaired later;

There are many original sockets in the kitchen, and with the change of cabinets, many of the original sockets are useless and need to be sealed, otherwise it will be too ugly. An electrician moved the socket nearby to save trouble. The original bottom box is a letter. If there is electricity leakage or no electricity, I have to knock on the disk during maintenance. How to avoid this situation? Some people say that none of the original sockets are sealed and can be repaired at any time. But ugly. Some people say that rewiring the kitchen is a waste of money. A better method is to keep the first socket for maintenance and rearrange all other sockets. So all the sockets can be repaired. And you don't have to walk all the way from the distribution box. It is both economical and safe. If you really don't want to walk too many lines. Then be sure to write down the positions of all the wire boxes to be sealed, and protect them before sealing the bottom box. After protecting the thread, the owner should check it himself. This is also a concealed work.

The wiring on the wall was disorderly, and the decorative painting was nailed to the wall in the later period and the line was broken;

Now the decoration is more decorative than decorative. There is no need to do more modeling on the wall. First, it is easy to be outdated, but it is not environmentally friendly and wastes money. But the wall is empty and not beautiful. Just decorate the wall with some decorative paintings. The decorative painting is hung, but the socket or lamp is dead. Nailed so many pictures, punched so many holes, and I don't know where the line was broken. Maintenance must be very troublesome. Therefore, we should pay special attention to the layout of the wall, preferably horizontal and vertical. In this way, when nailing a nail on the wall, look at the position of the socket and switch. If you don't nail it in the horizontal and vertical directions, it will definitely leak. But on the ground, on the ceiling, it is not necessary to be horizontal and vertical. Because we don't make holes in the ground or the ceiling. It doesn't have to be horizontal or vertical, which doesn't mean you can walk around at will, like a spider's web. Definitely not. As the director of home improvement, we require the wiring between the ceiling and the ground to be as short as possible, and minimize right-angle elbows. This is convenient for future maintenance.