The origin of Bao 'an nationality How did Bao 'an nationality come into being?

The origin of Baoan nationality's name

The family name of Bao 'an comes from the original place of residence-

The origin of Bao 'an nationality How did Bao 'an nationality come into being?

The origin of Baoan nationality's name

The family name of Bao 'an comes from the original place of residence-Bao 'an City on the Longwu River in Tongren County, Qinghai Province. According to records, the security guards have lived in the areas of Baoan City, Xiazhuang and Gasar since the early Ming Dynasty, calling themselves "security guards", and the surrounding Turks and Tibetans called them "Hui". In the first year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty, he moved to Jishishan area in Gansu Province.

Historically, the rulers of past dynasties did not recognize the Bao 'an nationality as a single nation, but always called it "Bao 'an nationality" and "Fan Hui". Until the founding of New China, according to the wishes of this nation, the State Council City, People's Republic of China (PRC) officially approved the "Baoan Nationality" as a single nation on March 25th. 1952.

The origin of Baoan nationality

Viewpoint 1: Mongolians are dominant. According to legends, language features and some living customs similar to those of the Mongols, the Bao 'an people may have been a people who believed in Islam during the Yuan and Ming Dynasties, stationed troops in Tongren, Qinghai Province, and had long-term contacts with Hui, Han, Tibetan and Tu people around them, and gradually formed.

Viewpoint 2: the theory of Hui nationality as the mainstay. Most people who hold this view trace their roots to the legends of Baoan and Hui. Some people think that Bao 'an nationality is a "Hui people" who moved to Tongren, Qinghai from Baoning area of Sichuan Province (now Langzhong City) or Nanjing, and married and settled with other local nationalities.

Viewpoint 3: On "Exploring Ma Chi Army". During the Mongol Empire, soldiers were selected from thousands of households, hundreds of households and tribes to form elite troops to act as pioneers in the field and attack castles. After the war, they were stationed in the conquered areas and were called "Tamar Red Army". Most of these scholars believed in Islam and were called "Semu people" at that time.

1259, after Kublai Khan of Yuan Shizu unified the whole country, with the decrease of the war, "Exploring Ma Hongjun" was incorporated into the citizens' nationality, settled in the local area, allowed them to get married and have children, and became a "civilian household". Since then, the soldiers who settled in Tongren border area have become the "ancestors" of Baoan people.

The historical development of Baoan nationality

In the Ming Dynasty, in order to "defend the frontier", the rulers built more castles in various places and sent troops to station. During the Hongwu period, security stations and forts were set up in Tongren, Qinghai Province. During the Wanli period, a "security camp" was set up in longwu, Tongren.

Later, with the Ming government constantly transferring a large number of Han scholars from all over the country to the border, the "security camp" was developed and expanded, and the ethnic composition of the security area also changed. On the basis of Semu descendants, Hui, Mongolian, Tibetan, Han and Tu people are adjacent to each other and intermarry, forming the same language in their long-term life.

During the reign of Xianfeng and Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty, due to the oppression of the local Lamaism feudal serf owners in Rongwo Temple, the Baoan people were forced to migrate, lived in Xunhua for several years, then moved to Gansu and settled in Dahejia and Liuji in Linxia near Jishishan. In the new settlement, the security guards still live according to the habits of their colleagues, and the security guards in the security city live in Meipo Village, forming today's "Three Security Villages". From the late Qing Dynasty to the Republic of China, the people of Baoan were always under the rule of local warlords Ma Anliang and Ma Bufang. Starting from 1930, the Kuomintang government implemented the Baojia system and classified the area as "Two Guarantees".

Historically, the Baoan people participated in the anti-feudal struggle of the Hui and Han nationalities in Linxia area in different forms. In the early years of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty, Bao 'an nationality took part in the local Hui anti-Qing uprising in the process of migrating from Tongren, Qinghai to Linxia. 1900 When Eight-Nation Alliance invaded Beijing, among the "Jiangxi Army" stationed in Beijing, more than a dozen security soldiers fought bravely against foreign invaders with their brothers, and some security soldiers gave their lives.

1980 In June, Jishishan Baoan Dongxiang Salar Autonomous County was approved to be established, and on September 30th of the following year, Jishishan Baoan Dongxiang Salar Autonomous County was formally established. With the establishment of ethnic autonomous areas, the Baoan cadres have been growing. The person in charge of the Autonomous County shall be a citizen of Baoan nationality, and the county party committee, county people's congress and county political bureau shall also have a citizen of Baoan nationality as a leader. People's congresses at all levels in China have representatives of the Baoan nationality.