Writing background of the beauty of mountains and rivers

The magnificence of mountains and rivers has been talked about by people since ancient times. The peaks are inserted into the sky, the Qingxi is crystal clear, and the cliffs on both sides of the strait are colorful and complement each other. Lush trees and green bamboo last for four seasons. When the morning mist is about to disappear, the singing of apes and birds; At night, the sun will set and the fish swimming in the water will jump out of the water. This is really a fairyland on earth! Kasper? Lingyun, no one can appreciate this wonderful landscape.

Two. Introduction:

author

Tao Hongjing, with bright words, lived in seclusion in Huayang in his later years. He was born in Liling, Danyang (now Nanjing). Born in the Southern Dynasty in the third year of filial piety (AD 456), he died in Datong, Liang Wudi in the second year (AD 536). He lived for 8 1 year, and experienced three dynasties: Song Dynasty, Qi Dynasty and Liang Dynasty. He is another famous alchemist and medical scientist in ancient China after Ge Hong.

When Tao Hongjing was young, his family was not well-off, but he loved reading, "read thousands of books" and had the spirit of "knowing nothing, but feeling deeply ashamed". According to "Biography of Southern History", when he was young, he often "painted a gray middle school book with strokes". He practiced calligraphy very well, cursive script and official script were very good, and running script was even more wonderful. When he was young, he was recruited by Prime Minister Xiao Daocheng (later called Emperor Qi) to serve the king.

Because Tao Hongjing read the Biography of Immortals written by Ge Hong when he was a child, he was greatly influenced and came up with the idea of learning from immortals for health preservation. So at the age of 37 (the tenth year of Cage Yongming, AD 492), he resigned from his official position and lived in seclusion in Maoshan, Jurong (now Jiangsu Province), continuing his studies, practicing alchemy, traveling to famous mountains and looking for fairy medicine. Xiao Yantian, a native of Liang Wudi, spent four years in prison (AD 505) and moved to Jin Dongjian.

Tao Hongjing has great knowledge and great achievements. He has made some contributions in medicine, alchemy, astronomy, geography, biology and mathematics. For example, he once made an astronomical instrument "Hun Tian Xiang" that can demonstrate astronomical phenomena. His greatest contribution is in medicine. He summarized the development of drug knowledge in hundreds of years since the publication of Shennong's Classic of Materia Medica, and compiled seven volumes of Notes on Materia Medica, which occupies an important position in the history of the development of materia medica.

Who is The Beauty of Mountains and Rivers written for? What is the content?

Many of Tao Hongjing's works have not been handed down. Judging from the existing historical data, he has made contributions in many fields of natural science and is one of the famous scientists in ancient China. His studious spirit is worth learning.

"Thank you Zhongshu" is a letter written by Tao Hongjing to his good friend Xie Zhongshu.

The article begins with emotion: the beauty of mountains and rivers has existed since ancient times. It is a great pleasure for people with elegant taste to taste the beauty of mountains and rivers and communicate their inner feelings with friends. The author regards Xie Zhongshu as a friend who can talk about mountains and water, and expects to make a comparison with Lin Shi through the ages. In the next ten sentences, the author described the beautiful scenery of mountains and rivers with clear brushstrokes. "The peak goes into the clouds, and the clear water flows to the bottom", trying to describe the height of the mountain and the clearness of the water, and practicing with a pen, writing two perspectives of looking up and looking down, white clouds, mountains and flowing water, and the realm is fresh. "The rock walls on both sides of the strait are colorful. Green forests and green bamboos are available in all seasons, and the perspective is far and wide. The green bamboo and wood show a splendid atmosphere against the colorful rocks, adding vitality to everything on the refreshing and pleasant picture scroll. " The morning mist will rest, and apes and birds will sing; The setting sun is about to sink in the west, and the fish scales are ups and downs ",from the description of static scenes to dynamic scenes. The songs of apes and birds came to my ears through the mist that was about to dissipate in the morning; In the afterglow of the sunset, fish are playing in the water. These four sentences add vitality to the picture and convey the breath of life through biological activities in two specific periods in the morning and evening. The author of these ten sentences chooses representative scenery to combine, so that readers can have a complete and unified impression of mountains and rivers. At the end of the article, I sighed with emotion, "the fairy capital of the real world" is really a fairyland on earth! No one can appreciate the beauty of Kasper? Lingyun, but the author can find endless fun from it, and he has a sense of pride, which is beyond words. Wang Guowei said: "All scenery words are love words. "In this paper, the scenery is not just the scenery itself, but the soul of the scenery, that is, the vitality of all things in nature. Through the change of height, distance and movement, and the stereoscopic feeling of vision and hearing, the author conveys his joy of life in harmony with nature, and embodies the author's enthusiasm for nature and interest in seclusion. Clear pronunciation and mellow voice, without modification.

Xie lingyun

China, a poet in Southern Dynasties and Song Dynasty. Chen Jun was born in Yang Xia (now Taikang, Henan). Born in Huiji Huining (now Shangyu, Zhejiang). Because he was fostered in the Du family in Qiantang since childhood, he was named Ke. Because he was the grandson of Xie Xuan, he was made public in the Jin Dynasty, so he was also called Xie. At the end of the Jin Dynasty, he served as General Langya, the secretariat of Yuzhou, and the Northern Emperor Taiwei. After entering the Song Dynasty, due to Emperor Wu of Song's policy of restraining gentry, he was demoted to a leisure time and served as a magistrate of Yongjia and a secretariat of Linchuan. In the 10th year of Yuanjia (433), he was killed by Song Wendi (Liu Yilong) for "treason". Xie Lingyun was born in a famous family and was brilliant, but his career was bumpy. In order to get rid of his political troubles, Xie Lingyun often makes waves and creates miracles. Most of Xie Lingyun's poems describe the natural scenery and places of interest in Yongjia, Huiji and Peng Li. Among them, there are many natural and fresh sentences, such as "Spring grass grows in the pond and willow turns into songbirds" ("going upstairs in the pond"); Write autumn colors: "The wild sand shore is clean, the sky is high and the autumn moon is bright" ("First visit to the county"); Write the winter scenery "the bright moon shines on the snow, and the north wind is strong and sad" ("Year of the Year"). Describe the natural scenery from different angles and give people beautiful enjoyment. Although there are many famous sentences in Xie Lingyun's poems, there are few good sentences throughout. Most of his poems are about scenery and metaphysics, and there are still the tails of metaphysical poems. Nevertheless, Xie Lingyun's creation greatly enriched and developed the realm of poetry, making the description of landscape independent from metaphysical poetry, thus reversing the style of metaphysical poetry since the Eastern Jin Dynasty and establishing the status of landscape poetry. Since then, landscape poetry has become a genre in the history of China's poetry development.

There are more than 10 poems written by Xie Lingyun, among which "Poem of Mountain Residence", "Poem of Ridge Table" and "Poem of Jiang Fei" are famous. The description of scenery is quite ingenious, but the achievements are far less than those of poems. Xie Lingyun believed in Buddhism and Taoism in his early years. He has annotated the King Kong Prajna Sutra, retouched the Mahayana Sutra, and has a philosophical masterpiece "On Sect" to explain his epiphany. Xie Lingyun also wrote a letter between Yuanjia and Sui Shu in the Book of Jin? There are 36 volumes in Jing Ji Zhi, which has been lost. Sui Shu? Jing Ji Zhi also recorded the collection of Xie Lingyun (19), which has been lost. In the Ming Dynasty, Zhang Qian compiled two volumes of Xie Kanggong Collection, which was included in 103 collections of Han, Wei and Six Dynasties. In addition, the Ming Dynasty and the compilation of Xie Ji. Near the Yellow Festival, there are also notes about Xie Shi.