What is the custom of Dongying New Year?

Drinking laba porridge and soaking laba vinegar indicates the message of Chinese New Year. Laba porridge originated from Buddhism. According to legend, Sakyamuni became a monk in Laba after he got the milk porridge of the shepherdess. Later, the monks cooked porridge for the Buddha as a souvenir. Laba porridge is made of millet, glutinous rice, adzuki bean and yellow rice. The beauty of Laba porridge lies in the porridge fruit, including red dates, chestnuts, walnuts, peanuts, longan meat and so on. Wash rice and cook beans in the middle of the night, peel the shells and kernels, cook them in the morning, and have a family dinner to feed the neighbors. On this day, "Laba vinegar" will be soaked: white and full garlic cloves will be soaked in a small jar of vinegar, sealed and dipped in jiaozi for the New Year. From Laba to New Year's Eve for more than 20 days, the garlic flavor melted into the vinegar, making the sour and spicy taste moderate. Hot jiaozi dipped in Laba vinegar, sprayed with garlic on the nose, appetizing. The Yellow River Estuary reclaimed wasteland, and there was a bride at home. Laba uses yellow rice and red dates to make cakes, which is called "eating bowls of cakes".

The last day of December in the lunar calendar is New Year's Eve, and the second day, the first day of the first lunar month is the Spring Festival, commonly known as "Chinese New Year", which is the most solemn traditional festival among the people. Strictly speaking, the Chinese New Year is the first day of the Lunar New Year, but in fact, from the beginning of the Lunar New Year, the people have been filled with a strong "flavor of the year" until the Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first month.

The 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month is what people often call "off-year". From this day on, rural families began to prepare for the New Year. In Dongying District, Lijin and Guangrao, there has been a custom of offering sacrifices to stoves on the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month since ancient times. In addition, in the last few days around the 23rd, every household will have a general cleaning, and the area around Dongying District is called "sweeping (copying) houses". When cleaning the house, you should move everything in your house to the yard and clean all the corners of your house to welcome the New Year.

Every household in Dongying has the custom of preparing new year's goods and making pasta by hand. Because there are many kinds of pasta, it takes a long time. Generally, there are steamed buns, flower rolls and mung bean buns similar to longevity peaches, and there are also rice cakes. Then, every household will start to fry fish, meat, meatballs, fried lotus roots and so on.

After Laba, every household began to sweep the courtyard, buy new clothes and buy new year's goods, and got busy in a festive atmosphere, which was called "busy year". Two or three days before the Spring Festival is the busiest, and every household buys new bowls and chopsticks. Catch the Spring Festival (the last market before the Spring Festival, the most lively and lively) and buy meat, fish, firecrackers and New Year pictures; Prepare food, steam rice cakes, steamed buns, fried meatballs and chop stuffing (dumpling stuffing). During this period, all the loans borrowed by the people will be returned separately. In the old society, most poor people went to hide their debts, so the Spring Festival was also called "Year". On the 29th of the twelfth lunar month, the busy year reached its climax. While frying fish in cook the meat, he sent New Year's gifts to his relatives and friends, and posted New Year pictures and couplets. There is a folk saying, "On the 29th of the twelfth lunar month, every family sticks couplets."

During the Chinese New Year, there are still some bans in Dongying. It is forbidden to clean the house on the 25th day of the twelfth lunar month, because it has always been said that this day is the birthday of the house and you can't clean it casually. Now, however, these are just personal preferences. This year is not the past year, but it is still the year of China. ...

On the 30th of the twelfth lunar month, that is, New Year's Eve, commonly known as "the 30th of the year" (sometimes it's the 29th), people sweep the courtyard, fill water tanks, prepare enough firewood, hang genealogies, set up incense tables and burn incense.

On the morning of New Year's Eve, people began to hang genealogy at the entrance of the hall to worship the gods and ancestors. There were fish, melons and fruits, and if possible, they went to the grave to burn paper in person in order to get the first blessing. Post New Year pictures and Spring Festival couplets in the afternoon. The contents of Spring Festival couplets are rich and colorful, such as "the wind shakes the bamboo shadow with sound pictures, the rain beats the wintersweet without words", "the apricot flowers are wet with rain, and the wind blows the cold" and so on. And business buildings usually post things like "Business is booming all over the world, and financial resources are abundant in the Three Rivers", and there are also things like "Sunny doors are always in the first spring, and good people are more than happy". Most of these Spring Festival couplets are written for family members to entertain themselves, and sometimes people are asked to write ghost letters on their behalf. Therefore, in front of people who like calligraphy, people who ask for calligraphy are often in an endless stream. However, this situation has gradually decreased in recent years, probably because people's pace of life has become too fast to write Spring Festival couplets. So every door is replaced with a unified Spring Festival couplets bought from the market.

In the afternoon, every family will pack jiaozi. In the evening, after jiaozi was finished, the men went to the cemetery to pay New Year greetings (some people invited their grandfathers and grandmothers) and invited their ancestors home for the New Year. Then the whole family set off firecrackers and ate jiaozi. As the sun sets, people in Lijin begin to "call Ming". Each family lights sesame stalks or straw at the door or alley, and the whole family stands around the fire. "Ming old man! Ming! " I cried quietly. At the height of the fire, everyone took a straw and kept saying "Big gourd head, small gourd head, money flows home" and "Black boy, white boy comes to my house to wear a coat" and ran home, put the torch behind the stove door and put on "Mense", hoping that the treasure would not flow out, and it is expected that there would be food and clothing for the New Year. In the evening, they began to guard their old age and avoid saying unlucky things. Male parents often sit next to the "family hall" (the spiritual place of ancestors) and provide incense, tea and wine to show that they will celebrate the New Year with their deceased ancestors. Most women include jiaozi, telling stories and telling jokes; Young men and women also play cards, play small games, drink and eat sweets; The family is round and round, talking and laughing, and happy. Since 1980s, with the popularity of TV sets, watching TV on New Year's Eve, especially watching CCTV's Spring Festival Gala, has become the main content for people to celebrate their birthdays.

New Year's Eve is what people say. There is a slight difference in time in different places in Dongying, but it is all on this day that older elders lead their families, old and young, to their ancestors' graves with steamed pasta, wine and firecrackers. In this way, they pay New Year greetings to their deceased ancestors in advance and tell them that the new year has begun again. Next, the family began to prepare for the New Year's Eve dinner. This New Year's Eve dinner should be eaten slowly, starting with lighting lanterns. Some families have to eat until late at night, waiting for the New Year bell to ring, and all families have to set off firecrackers in the yard. However, some counties and villages in Dongying still follow the old customs. It is believed that respect for the god of wealth should be the first, and firecrackers should be placed behind. This means that if you want to get rich, firecrackers will not be sincere until the end, so firecrackers will last for about half an hour when the New Year bell rings.

There is a custom in Guangrao Huaguan and Chen Guan. After the New Year's Eve dinner, every family went out, lit a fire at their own door, gathered around the blazing bonfire, prayed for blessings, and the children set off firecrackers, pushing the lively atmosphere of New Year's Eve to a climax. This activity lasts about an hour.

The immigrants from southwest Shandong in Kenli area still maintain the customs of their hometown. From the eve of New Year's Eve, the Chinese New Year gradually reached its climax. At this time, a long "door-blocking stick" will be placed horizontally in front of each house to prevent ghosts from entering the hospital on the one hand and to block the financial resources and luck at home on the other. Put two steamed buns in the pot to "press the pot", so that you can have food all year round. On the first day of the first month, neighbors compare who gets up the earliest, because getting up early means that the new year will be better, so before dawn, people will flock to visit each other, and the host will take out the best candy and cigarettes at home to welcome the guests. First of all, you should pay a New Year call, but at this time, what you have to ask is not the usual pleasantries, but: "Does the old man get up early? How many bowls of jiaozi did you eat? " Old people will tell you cheerfully that they get up early and eat more to show their strength.

There is a custom of "begging for a long time during the Spring Festival" among the immigrants in southwest Shandong. After getting up, the children silently embraced Ailanthus altissima and sang "King Ailanthus altissima, you grow thick and I grow long, you grow thick and make materials, and I grow clothes".

In the old custom, the Spring Festival begins at 0: 00 on the first day of the lunar calendar, and the New Year comes in the evening. Male parents "send paper horses". There is a folk saying that the sooner paper horses are distributed, the more jiaozi eats and the healthier he is. Some people "hand out paper horses" before midnight, which is called "grabbing New Year's Eve". The matriarch cooks jiaozi, the children and grandchildren set off firecrackers, and the whole family burns paper and incense in front of the shrine to worship the "family hall", and then enters the New Year's Eve. Put a fire whip before opening the door, and then you can talk. Men worship the god of heaven and earth under the guidance of their parents. [Page]

Before dawn, every family wrapped up jiaozi, set off firecrackers, and housewives gave money and food to pray for a year of peace and prosperity. The first meal of the Spring Festival is jiaozi. When cooking jiaozi, set off firecrackers. In order to drive away evil and seek good luck, jiaozi is cooked with sesame stalks in some areas, which means that the new year is like sesame blossoms and the days are getting better and better. Jiaozi has to cook more, which is definitely more than enough. After dinner, steamed bread should be put in the pot, which means more than enough. Jiaozi cooked, first hold a bowl of respect for heaven and earth, and then hold a bowl of respect for the kitchen god. When eating, in addition to one bowl per person, one or two bowls should be served in order to prosper the population. Eating jiaozi is full of festive atmosphere. During the Spring Festival, jiaozi is full of money, dates, chestnuts and so on. Eating red dates means getting up early in the new year and trying to get rich; Eating chestnuts means that you can make great efforts and sweat in the new year; Eating peanuts can prolong life; If you eat money, you can get rich. No matter who eats which kind, everyone sincerely congratulates. If the child gets the money, the parents will be happier. They think the child has a bright future. In addition to encouragement, they should also be rewarded with money to show their congratulations. Many places eat vegetarian stuffing in jiaozi on the first day of the first month, which means "a quiet year".