Where are people going? Where does the land flow? How to distribute the benefits? -Sunan: Solving Three Difficulties in Land Consolidation-Sunan: Solving Three Difficulties in Land Consolidation

Land consolidation in economically developed southern Jiangsu started earlier. Since 1995, Wujiang, Changshu, Suzhou Zhangjiagang, Changzhou Wujin, Wuxi Jiangyin and other places have taken land consolidation as the starting point to accelerate agricultural modernization and lay a solid foundation for urban-rural integration. Since entering the 2 1 century, especially since 2008, the new round of land consolidation in southern Jiangsu has focused on the increase and decrease of urban and rural construction land, and relied on the "fertile land construction project" to explore and solve the "three difficulties" proposition of land consolidation: where are people going? Where does the land flow? How to distribute the benefits? In the middle of June, 2065438+00, the reporter conducted an investigation and interview on this issue in Zhenjiang, Changzhou, Suzhou and other places in Jiangsu.

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Urbanization should satisfy farmers.

The "fertile land construction project" allowed farmers to "enter the city in one step", and most rural laborers found jobs and settled down in the city.

Such as weaving scaffolding, the construction site is in full swing. When the reporter came to the construction site of Zhenjiang New District, he could not help but be shocked by the magnificent construction scene here.

"30 multi-storey and 12 small high-rise residential buildings have been capped. By the end of this year, 1 1 650,000 square meters of resettlement houses will be completed. " Pointing to the buildings that have risen from the ground, Jing, deputy director of Zhenjiang New District Management Committee, told reporters: "In the next three years, the largest residential area for farmers' resettlement houses in the province will be built here. "

According to Shanhe, the residential area has a building area of10.6 million square meters, and more than 300 small high-rise and multi-storey houses will be built, with 68,000 square meters of supporting facilities such as neighborhood centers, kindergartens and green spaces, and 7,826 farmers in 18 administrative villages will be centrally resettled, which can accommodate more than 40,000 people. It is expected to be completed in the first half of next year with a total investment of nearly 4 billion yuan.

"Boy, this scale is almost catching up with Beijing Tiantongyuan!" The reporter can't help but sigh.

Such a magnificent "big hand" comes from the "ten thousand hectares of fertile land construction project"

Take the implementation of the policy of linking the increase and decrease of urban and rural construction land as the starting point, and increase the effective cultivated land area through comprehensive improvement of fields, water, roads, forests and villages; Improve people's living environment and quality of life by moving rural residents to modern urban areas; Through the construction of large-scale contiguous high-standard farmland, the regional land layout will be optimized to achieve the goal of "farmland concentration, residential agglomeration, land intensive and benefit concentration". This is the "ten thousand hectares of fertile land construction project" promoted by Jiangsu Province in the process of accelerating urbanization. According to reports, at present, more than 20 counties (cities, districts) in the province are piloting.

The total scale of the "fertile land construction project" project area in Zhenjiang New District is 55,900 mu. Through the whole village relocation and comprehensive land improvement of three towns, two streets and 18 administrative villages under the jurisdiction of the new district, 8,277 mu of agricultural land can be increased, 3,957 mu of cultivated land can be added, and nearly 60,000 mu of contiguous high-standard farmland can be built.

Obviously, this series of policies were designed by the government, and farmers became the designed ones. We want to listen to the voices of farmers and see what they think.

The reporter visited some villagers in Dinggang Town. The record is as follows:

Nie Ming, director of Liucun Village, Dinggang Town: My village has more than 4,000 mu of land, and the statistics of the year before last abandoned more than 800 mu. 95% of the young and middle-aged laborers in the village go out to work, and there are basically no pure farmers in the village. Those who stay at home to farm are also "face fields" and "lazy fields" and do not expect to make money. Many people invite foreigners to plant it. If the land is not planted well, it will be embarrassing to put it there. In this case, it is unlikely that the government will not promote change and rely on farmers to promote it.

Last year, everyone was very enthusiastic about the construction project of "ten thousand mu of fertile land". In the first phase of the project, our village completed cultivated land of 1000 mu, increasing the area of 1/4. At the time of demolition, every household's homestead was brought with a yard, and the government paid compensation for everything from bricks to fruit trees and vegetable gardens in the yard. If the contracted land is invested, farmers can still get 800 yuan (year) per mu of land if they don't farm it. After sorting out the surplus land, farmers can also participate in the secondary distribution. Such affordable things are of course welcomed by farmers.

Wang Minghua, a villager in Zhang Cun: I am a pure farmer and have been farming for almost 40 years. My family's 5 mu of land has been divided into 5 plots, and we have to walk a few kilometers next time. Farming is inefficient and you can't earn much money. I bought a harvester a few years ago to help people farm and increase their income. The government paid nearly 400 thousand for the demolition of my old house. After "going upstairs" (referring to moving to a new house), I got two new houses, one for myself and one for my parents, with a surplus of 65,438+10,000 yuan. I dream of using this money to buy a trolley and transportation.

Yin Rongchun, a villager who stayed in the village: My family's contracted land plus private plots, a ***5 mu and 6 sub-fields. My son works in Zhenjiang company, and the land at home was given to foreigners before. 500 yuan has the highest net income per mu. Now all the fields in my family have been transferred, and according to the 800 yuan per mu (year), I will make up nearly 5,000 yuan for my family every year. Originally, my homestead was 225 square meters, and the yard was 6 points. Now it's demolished, give me 300 thousand compensation. Give me two new houses, one set of140m2 and one set of 85m2. The two houses cost 230,000 yuan, leaving 60,000 to 70,000 yuan, which is enough for simple decoration. We live in a big house by ourselves, and we are going to rent a small house. Although the space in the building is a little small, the overall quality of life has improved. "Ten thousand mu of fertile land construction project" is a major event for our farmers. It is in one step, at least shortening the time and cost for a generation to go to town.

Through the on-site interview, we felt the connotation and profound meaning of Yin Rongchun's "one step into the city". This modern living community takes into account the convenience of farmers' work, life, study and entertainment to the maximum extent; Give priority to commercial construction, guide consumption and cultivate business atmosphere; Each community has property management rooms, community rooms, basements, civil air defense, sewage and garbage disposal and other related supporting facilities. The designer has considered all possible problems. More importantly, more than 90% of the rural labor force can be employed in cities. In the future, they can really live and work in cities.

Land, flow to intensive

Integrating land resources requires economic strength, and it should be prudent, rational and standardized to reduce "process waste".

Last June, Changzhou Jintan launched the first pilot project in the province. Over the past year or so, the "fertile land construction project", an effective measure to gather resources, coordinate urban and rural areas in an orderly manner and solve the dilemma of "double security", has been running steadily. It continues the concept of "three centralization" put forward by southern Jiangsu many years ago, and at the same time it has innovation and development. The person in charge of the project in Jiangsu Province said that the current "concentration" is different from the past. The former small natural villages were demolished and merged into administrative villages, and administrative villages were merged into market towns. The process of "farmers entering the city" is the process of demolishing houses and building houses many times. Now farmers are directly transferred to the central town, which reduces the "process waste" and realizes the maximum economical and intensive use of land.

In the view of Xia Ming, director of Jiangsu Provincial Department of Land and Resources, it is the goal orientation of urbanization to break through the constraints of existing farmers' scattered living and decentralized management resources on productivity development, change the spatial layout and allocation of original resources, and make the means of production and labor force reasonably match. "In the new socialist countryside in the future, agricultural production will inevitably be large-scale, industrialized and mechanized, and the rural population will inevitably live in towns and reduce villages. Grasping the overall goal of coordinated urban and rural development, the realistic path choice should abandon expedient measures, make less invalid investments and take fewer detours. " Jiangsu province has calculated an account: through the implementation of the "10,000 hectares of fertile land construction project", more than 20,000 hectares of high-standard farmland will be built in concentrated contiguous areas with special difficulties, and more than 600 hectares of cultivated land will be added. At the same time, realize the concentration of industry in the park and residence in the town, and accelerate the process of industrialization and urbanization.

Compared with some places, in order to increase the index of construction land, Sunan is more cautious, rational and standardized, regardless of farmers' wishes for quick success and instant benefit.

Xia Ming: "The fertile land construction project is the basic project of coordinating urban and rural development, which includes the concept of coordinated development of primary, secondary and tertiary industries. Through the agglomeration effect of resource agglomeration, we will enhance the primary production, support the secondary production, prosper the tertiary production, solve the dual contradiction between urban and rural areas, and promote urban and rural planning. "

Li Xiaoping, deputy mayor of Zhenjiang City, said: "Protecting cultivated land, improving the public service system and meeting the needs of industrial development and urbanization have become the comprehensive motivation for the government to promote the' fertile land construction project'. Of course, the premise is that the time is ripe. The proportion of non-agricultural industries in Zhenjiang has exceeded 90%, and most farmers no longer rely mainly on farming to increase their income. The land transferred from land consolidation can quickly meet the needs of local industrial development, urbanization and local employment of farmers. Only when the weather is right, the geographical location and the people are harmonious can we advance steadily. "

Crystal, deputy director of Zhenjiang Land and Resources Bureau, said: "Integrating land resources requires huge financial input from the government. If the per capita GDP exceeds $65,438+0,000, it can be considered; If the per capita GDP is only three or four thousand yuan, it is best not to do it. Due to the lack of financial resources, it is easy for the government to unconsciously grab benefits from farmers' land, thus causing social problems. It is absolutely impossible to focus only on' land' without systematically considering solving the' three rural issues'. "

Zhang Wengen, director of the Suzhou Municipal Bureau of Land and Resources, said: "We have always stressed that the land saved after the consolidation of homesteads and villages is first used to supplement cultivated land and resettle farmers, and the rest of the construction land can only be adjusted and digested by itself in the project area, and cross-regional replacement is not allowed. Our purpose is to optimize the layout of land use, not' selling indicators'. "

It is understood that all the pilot schemes of "10,000 hectares of fertile land construction project" have gone through many passes, such as expert review, publicity, hearing, preliminary examination by the provincial municipal government and review by the provincial department of land and resources. The planning of the project area and the overall planning of land use, land development and consolidation planning, basic farmland protection planning, and urban-rural integration planning ensure that "the cultivated land area will not decrease, the construction land will not increase, the interests of farmers will not be harmed, and land laws and regulations will not be violated." Among them, the most problematic linked indicators are managed and used in strict accordance with the relevant documents of the Ministry of Land and Resources, with standardized procedures and orderly pilot projects.

The interests of farmers will always come first.

Protecting farmers' land rights and interests, employment income, security income and property income-three incomes give farmers a "bottom".

"Land is the lifeblood of farmers. To move farmers' land, we must first consider how to ensure that the living standards of the transferred farmers are not reduced, that their long-term livelihood is guaranteed, and that their identity changes are affordable. "Interviewing all the way, many grassroots land directors and project leaders contacted by reporters said so. It seems that they really have this "string" in their minds.

The main source of funds is land. How to use the vacated land, where to use it, and how to distribute the land value-added income have become the touchstone to test the government's credibility and execution.

Several cities visited by the reporter have formulated clear policies to protect farmers' land rights and interests from three aspects: first, set up land joint-stock cooperatives in villages, centralize farmers' management rights of contracted fields and private plots in the form of shares, and uniformly contract them out to professional companies for operation, and the proceeds will be owned by farmers; Second, the newly-added cultivated land after finishing is confirmed to the village land joint-stock cooperative, and the income is distributed according to the cooperative's articles of association; Third, some new construction land indicators are used to build standard factories, realize intensive development and upgrade industrial facilities, and the proceeds still go to the village land joint-stock cooperatives.

The "Wanqing Fertile Land Construction Project" in Changzhou New District is located in Menghe Town and Xixia Shu Town, with a total investment of about 65.438+0.3 billion yuan, with three objectives: to build 23,000 mu of high-standard farmland and increase the cultivated land area by more than 2,000 mu; Increase agricultural land 1609 mu by demolishing residential areas and independent industrial and mining areas; Newly-built resettlement houses cover 538,800 square meters, and more than 2,700 farmers in 2 towns 12 administrative villages are centrally resettled.

The new district government is making efforts to build two platforms: investment and financing platform and land transfer platform. Taking land transfer as an example, all the 12 administrative villages involved have established joint-stock cooperatives with legal personality. In order to ensure that farmers' rights and interests are not harmed in the process of land circulation, it is divided into three chapters: First, the circulating funds are not less than 500 yuan/mu (this standard is calculated according to farmers' farming income in the previous three years). The second is to establish an incremental mechanism with a cycle of five years and an increment of 20%. Third, all policy subsidies given by the state belong to farmers. In other words, the land management right has been transferred, and the farmers' income right has not changed.

Fan Chungou, director of the Agricultural Bureau of the New District, said: "The abandoned land has turned into fertile land, and the extra cultivated land income is distributed according to the ratio of' 4-3-3', that is, 40% belongs to the villagers, 30% is used as the working fund of the cooperative, and the other 30% is used as the risk reserve fund. In the case of enterprise bankruptcy, cooperatives can use risk reserve to pay farmers' income. "

Li Xiaoping, deputy mayor of Zhenjiang, said, "It turns out that farmers have private plots and don't need to buy food. When he goes to town, if he buys food at the same price as the citizens, he will definitely not want to. We thought of a way to arrange a certain area of vegetable base for farmers in the new area in the increased cultivated land after transformation. Also, property management fees are not paid by farmers, but are subsidies for collective public assets; Establish public * * * communities to meet the needs of public services such as weddings, funerals and celebrations in rural areas. I have listed more than 20 similar problems, and I am dreaming about how to solve them. In short, in the process of transforming farmers into citizens, the government must not be a' hands-on shopkeeper'. "

Compared with the "linked" motivation of "circling around indicators" in some places, the grass-roots governments in southern Jiangsu are more concerned about farmers' land rights and social harmony. In addition to the "red line" of cultivated land, the bottom line of protecting farmers' rights and interests constitutes another insurmountable "red line" that restricts government behavior.

"In the future, we will have a piece of employment income, a piece of guaranteed income and a piece of property income. With these three incomes, coupled with the continuous improvement of the government's social welfare system, the road to urbanization of our farmers will really be a happy road. " Farmer Yin Rongchun said. This statement also expresses the common aspiration of most farmers in southern Jiangsu.