How to do well the limited space management of property management

2014 March 2 1 At about 2 pm, 33-year-old Yang Jiaren and his wife were driving a mini-car through Yunxiu Road, which is next to the ancient town of Guandu, Kunming, when they suddenly heard a cry for help from a manhole on the roadside, Fan and other four people were trapped there with gas poisoning. The Yang family was brave and rushed down to save people. After rescuing one of the trapped people, he was trapped in the well when he was preparing to rescue the other three trapped people. At 2: 50, when the fire officers and soldiers who arrived rescued Yang Jiaren and three trapped workers, four people died of inhaling toxic gases such as hydrogen sulfide.

On May 28th, 20 14, workers of a labor service company in Hangzhou climbed down a sewage well with a depth of 3.5m to clean up the blockage of road sewage pipes, and were poisoned and unconscious. Another worker climbed down to save people, and was also poisoned and unconscious. The accident eventually caused one death and one injury.

Both accidents were caused by confined space operation, so what is the concept of confined space? Friends who have seen many sci-fi films such as Lucy and Coherence should not think that "limited space" and "n-dimensional space" or "parallel space" are the same thing. It's actually different. "Limited space" is not a physical concept, but a safety concept. Du Niang tells us that we must have the following three concepts at the same time to be called limited space: 1. Large enough for people to enter completely; 2. The import and export are restricted or restricted; It is not designed to occupy space for a long time.

The limited space often encountered in the process of property management can be roughly divided into the following three categories: closed and semi-closed equipment limited space, underground limited space and above-ground limited space. Cabin, storage tank, refrigerated truck, caisson, boiler, container, buoy, pipeline, tanker and other closed and semi-closed equipment. ; Underground pipelines, basements, underground warehouses, underground fortifications, underground ditches, tunnels, culverts, pits, abandoned wells, cellars, biogas digesters, septic tanks, sewers, ditches, wells, pools, construction piles, underground cable trenches and other underground limited spaces. ; Limited space on the ground, such as storage room, distiller's grains pool, fermentation pool, garbage station, greenhouse, cold storage, granary, flue, etc.

Limited space is easy to gather high concentration of harmful substances. Harmful substances can exist in the past or accumulate gradually during operation. Such as the decomposition of organic matter (domestic garbage, animals and plants, etc.). ) will produce carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and methane, leading to poisoning or suffocation. Low oxygen content in the air will lead to hypoxia. The composition of normal air includes 78% nitrogen, 2 1% oxygen and a small amount of inert gas. In a limited space, if the oxygen content in the air in the workplace is lower than 19.5%, the limited space will be in a state of hypoxia, which will easily lead to hypoxia and suffocation accidents. The air contains flammable and explosive substances, and high concentration will cause combustion or explosion.

Due to poor ventilation and complex air composition, there are more dangerous and harmful factors in the limited space than in the general workplace, and the harm degree of the working environment is higher. Often in many cases, the concentration of harmful substances contained in a limited space exceeds the concentration that threatens life or health. When these substances reach this concentration, if workers do not take respiratory protection measures, direct inhalation of high-concentration harmful substances will cause lifelong damage to the brain, heart or lungs, and even pose a life threat to workers.

Confined space operations are affected by environmental conditions, and there are also the following dangerous and harmful factors: drowning, collapse and burial, electric shock, mechanical injury, noise, falling, slipping, tripping, falling, falling objects and low visibility. In addition, it also includes heatstroke caused by high temperature operation; Electricity, gas welding and other operations will also produce toxic and harmful gases, causing sharp injuries, physical injuries and other mechanical injuries.

Traditional property management work, such as the cleaning and disinfection of pools (tanks) and the cleaning of septic tanks, are both important and easily overlooked limited space operations. The property enterprise shall organize the training of personnel engaged in confined space operations in terms of operation contents, occupational hazards, common sense of personal avoidance in case of emergency, and emergency rescue measures for injuries such as poisoning and suffocation. Laborers who work in a limited space should take a serious and responsible attitude towards their work, have no diseases or physical defects that prevent them from engaging in the corresponding types of work, and meet the requirements of the corresponding types of work. Guardians and operators should be clearly defined in the limited space operation site. The guardian is not allowed to enter the limited space. Personnel working in confined space shall abide by the safety operation rules of confined space and use the safety facilities and personal protective equipment in confined space correctly. Effective two-way information exchange such as safety, alarm and evacuation should be carried out with the guardianship personnel; When the operator is aware of dangerous abnormal symptoms, he should report to the guardian in time or evacuate the limited space by himself.

Warning areas, warning lines and warning signs should be set up at the eye-catching position of the entrance to the limited space, and no one can enter without permission. When working in any limited space that may cause occupational hazards and casualties, the principle of "first detection, then operation" should be followed. When entering a limited space with poor natural ventilation effect, mechanical ventilation should be adopted, and the ventilation frequency should not be less than 3 times per hour. For places where ventilation measures cannot be taken or it is difficult to fully ventilate due to the limitation of working environment, operators must be equipped with isolated respiratory protection devices such as full-face positive pressure air respirator or long tube mask. Filter masks are strictly prohibited. In case of personnel poisoning and suffocation accidents or other dangerous situations during operation, you should not rush into the well for rescue, but should seek the assistance of professional rescue agencies in time to explain the accident location and specific circumstances.