"The changes in Chifeng in the past 60 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China have formed a research report (the number of words is not less than 1500 words).

From the perspective of housing, the living standards of Chifeng residents have changed greatly in the past 60 years. Www.nmg.xinhuanet.com 2009-10-1615: 53 font [large, medium and small] [print] [comment] [close]

Living and working in peace and contentment, combining work and rest, home is the foundation for people to settle down, and the change of living conditions largely reflects the improvement of living standards. In the past 30 years of reform and opening up, the improvement of living conditions of Chifeng residents has confirmed the development track and brilliant achievements since the founding of New China, especially in the past 30 years of reform and opening up.

Before the founding of the people's Republic of China, it can be said that the people had no fixed place to live and the people were in poverty. After liberation, people have their own nests, but their living conditions are still very limited. In 1980s, people considered economy and applicability when building houses, and the room area was generally small. The century-old building, once famous in the whole city, was influenced by the economic situation and traditional lifestyle at that time, and three or even four generations lived under one roof. In rural areas, most houses built by people are adobe houses, and some even are straw houses. Few people can afford brick houses. Only those with better economic conditions can afford brick houses, while those with poor conditions even live with people and animals, let alone kitchens and bathrooms. The old man said that at that time, the buildings in the city were basically only 40 square meters. Although there is a bathroom with a palm-sized space, a person will turn around when he enters, and there is no water leakage barrier in the bathroom. A few years later, the upstairs bathroom often leaks water. The kitchen is not big, only one chopping board and one cooker can be put, and there is no smoke exhaust pipe in the kitchen. When cooking, the room is full of oil smoke; The roof is made of common linoleum and asphalt, which becomes soft when exposed to the sun, and the leakage of the house is particularly serious. When I was at school, I went to a teacher's house. Her family lives in a private room in the school. Looking in from the door, the corridor is the kitchen of 10 households. The stoves are lined up, the Zhang family stewed meat, the Li family cooked food, and the garlic lacked oil and salt. As long as you talk to your neighbors, you basically don't have to go to the stall outside to buy it. Every time I cook, I only listen to the jingle in the corridor, and the symphony of pots and pans begins. I can't see the figure clearly except the smell of oil smoke and cooking in the corridor. People who used to live in a package house recalled their living conditions deeply, but in those days, being able to live in a package house and be carved up by the government was also something that many people envied at that time.

In the 1990s, buildings with balconies began to rise, with five to six floors in general. At that time, people mostly considered adequate housing and generally didn't care much about interior decoration. Nowadays, whether it is a self-built house or a commercial suite, people not only consider living comfortably and spacious, but also consider living comfortably and smoothly, and indoor and outdoor decoration is more valued. Generally, the decoration cost of self-built houses accounts for more than 30% of the construction cost, and the lighting and ventilation have also been greatly improved. The area of modular suites is gradually increasing, mostly three bedrooms and two halls, with an area exceeding 100 square meter. There are many apartments with four bedrooms, two bedrooms and two bathrooms, with an area of160-200m2. Interior design is becoming more and more humanized: through the floor-to-ceiling sliding door of the living room, you can have a panoramic view of the landscape of the outdoor community; The window is made of plastic steel, which has good thermal insulation and sealing performance. This suite feels spacious and bright. Now people buy suites and choose residential quarters with better environment, complete facilities and convenient transportation.

With the changes of housing in the past 60 years, we deeply feel that with the deepening of reform and opening up and the improvement of living standards, a house is not just a residence, it inadvertently changes the face of a city and people's quality of life. Looking back at the great changes in living conditions in Chifeng city in the past 60 years, we can see that there are several major characteristics:

More and more new buildings have been built. With the deepening of the national housing reform system, the process of housing commercialization is accelerating day by day, and the real estate market is booming. With the acceleration of the reform and opening up process, residents' income has increased year by year, and their enthusiasm for buying houses has increased. According to the investigation of relevant departments in Chifeng City, the average population of urban residents in Chifeng City is 3, and each household owns 1.03 sets of houses.

Private property owners have a bottom in their hearts. At the beginning of reform and opening up, the housing property rights of urban residents were basically public. From 65438 to 0995, Chifeng implemented the policy of housing reform, and all the property rights of houses became private, so they could enter the market and buy and sell on their own, which brought great convenience and benefits to urban residents. According to the survey, the original private houses of urban residents in Chifeng account for 10.7%, the private houses with housing reform account for 15.6%, and the commercial houses account for 69%.

The house structure is diversified, and ordinary people can live in villas. From low-rise bungalows to beautiful brick houses, from tube-shaped buildings and unit buildings to small high-rise buildings, duplex houses and villas, people's housing conditions have been greatly improved since the founding of the People's Republic of China 60 years ago, especially since the reform and opening up 30 years ago. In 2008, the per capita housing construction area of urban residents in Chifeng City was 27.6 square meters, which was 5.4 times higher than that at the beginning of reform and opening up. Urban residents' single apartment accounts for 1%, four bedrooms account for 9%, three bedrooms account for 38%, and two bedrooms account for 36%.

Interior decoration is becoming more and more luxurious. The house 30 years ago was obviously not decorated. The ground is hardened materials such as soil, brick and cement, and newspapers or low-grade building materials are stuck on the wall. Now not only will the new house be renovated before moving in, but the old house will also be designed and renovated. There are many kinds of materials on the ground, such as colored mill, pure wood floor, composite wood floor, marble and so on. And the wall is made of advanced building materials, latex paint, built-in ceiling, stair steps, high-grade curtains, etc. , and the facilities are complete. According to the survey, in 2008, the per capita expenditure of urban residents in Chifeng City was 97 yuan, and the per capita expenditure on building materials maintenance was 63 yuan.

The living environment is becoming more and more humanized. There was no word property 30 years ago, and the housing problem could only be solved by ourselves. At present, all the greening, lighting, fitness, entertainment, health and other projects in residential quarters are under unified property management, and residents pay property fees on time and enjoy the thoughtful service of property companies.

Looking at the living conditions of urban residents in the past 60 years, from crowded low-rise houses to spacious and comfortable high-rise villas, housing has changed from less to more, from low to high, from less to more, from single to rich, which truly reflects the great changes in the life of urban residents in Chifeng since the reform and opening up, and reflects the historical process of people's life from food and clothing to well-off life. (Text/Wu Kexin)