What are the security risks?

What are the narrow security risks that are not strictly managed because of imperfect laws, such as fire safety (such as fire exits and fire facilities in public places) and personal safety (theft, robbery and human trafficking);

There are also security risks in a broad sense, including economic risks (such as unreasonable economic structure and economic growth model), military risks (surrounded by the military strategy of the United States and other western countries), political risks (political attacks from abroad), and cultural security risks (the invasion of western culture, China's traditional culture and festivals are not taken seriously by the people).

What are the hidden dangers of family safety, including fire prevention, theft prevention, electric shock prevention, gas leakage prevention, furniture dumping and injury to children, falling from high altitude, and preventing minors from contacting knives and drugs?

What measures should be taken for rectification after discovering potential safety hazards? There are relatively many hospitalized patients, and night nurses (especially those who perform medical orders in area B at night, it is not easy to hear crying) lead to the incomprehension of patients or their families, which lays a hidden danger for medical safety. Rectification measures;

1, the pager in area B is turned on, which is beneficial to the monitoring of the nurses on duty.

2. Strengthen the assistance spirit of the medical staff on duty. Take care of each other

3. Strengthen the sense of responsibility of nursing staff on duty. Strengthen night patrols.

4, increase the night nurse, or report for instructions.

2. The emergency department failed to rescue and diagnose critically ill patients and difficult patients in time, and lacked relevant auxiliary examinations, which led to the loss of rescue opportunities for critically ill patients and the high misdiagnosis rate of difficult patients, further causing tension between doctors and patients and misunderstanding of patients and their families. Rectification measures;

1, strengthen the study and implementation of the responsibility system for patients' first diagnosis and the responsibilities of emergency doctors.

2. Strengthen the study of emergency doctors and professional technicians, and strengthen the sense of responsibility.

3. Establish an effective consultation system between emergency department and relevant clinical departments.

4. Establish and improve the system of quick inspection and emergency report of auxiliary departments.

5, establish and improve the emergency rescue process and plan for critically ill patients.

Find out what are the hidden dangers of 1 at home and whether the wires at home are aging or damaged.

2. Whether the electrical circuit is overloaded.

3. Whether the plugs and sockets on the wires are firm.

4. Whether the fuse used at home has been replaced by a hole and a wire.

5. Whether to use household appliances correctly according to the instructions.

6. Whether the household appliances can still work despite the failure.

7. Lighting lamps are too close to flammable materials.

8. Stairs, walkways and balconies are used to store flammable and combustible items.

9. Is there any inflammable and explosive articles such as gasoline, alcohol and banana oil with a weight of more than 0.5 kg stored at home? When using gasoline and banana oil, whether it is far away from open flames and well ventilated.

10, whether to engage in the production, processing and business activities of inflammable and explosive articles at home.

1 1. Whether flammable items are far away from stoves and gas stoves.

12, whether the ashes are completely extinguished before dumping.

13, whether flammable liquids such as gasoline are used to help the fire.

14, whether the fire and gas stove are used in the same room.

15, whether the gas pipeline is firmly installed and whether the hose is aging. Whether the gas pipeline and valve are leaking. Whether the gas stove is well ventilated.

16. Are most of the home decoration materials made of flame retardant and nonflammable materials?

17. Do you often clean up waste paper, books and newspapers at home?

18, matches, lighters and other items are placed in places where children are not easy to get.

19, whether to unplug the power switch, put out the open flame such as incense sticks, and turn off the gas source switch of the gas stove before going to bed or leaving the residence every day.

20, whether the home is equipped with simple fire fighting equipment. Whether a fire escape plan has been made.

What are the main contents of nursing safety hazards? Nursing safety hazards mainly include:

First, nurses' self-protection awareness is not strong, and their legal awareness is weak;

Second, the nurses' sense of responsibility is not strong, and the service concept lags behind;

Third, nurses' comprehensive knowledge level is low, and their professional and technical level is not high;

Fourth, the allocation of nursing staff is unreasonable and the quality management system is not perfect;

Fifth, the nurse-patient relationship is not harmonious enough, and there is a lack of effective communication between them.

Safety management is the core of nursing quality management, which directly affects medical quality, patient safety and hospital reputation. The quality control of key nursing links is an important link to ensure the quality of nursing. ? We should pay attention to analyze the imperfections in nursing management and the hidden dangers in nursing work, put forward corresponding safety precautions and strengthen safety management. ?

There are four main aspects:

1, poor communication or lack of communication during nursing. During nursing, the communication between nurses failed because of some unknown factors.

2. The nursing skills are not skilled and the basic skills are not solid. According to a hospital survey, 25% of nursing complaints are caused by operation failure or repeated operation.

3. Weak legal awareness and insufficient risk awareness: the nursing students operated independently without authorization and did not seriously implement the "three checks and seven pairs".

4, nursing operation process is not appropriate. Especially in the process of feeding children, it is easy to cause the failure of the process and the lack of links for one reason or another.

With the continuous development of medical science and technology and the improvement of people's living standards, patients and their families are more and more familiar with the legitimate rights and interests of medical care, which puts forward higher requirements for medical quality, nursing quality and medical safety. According to the author's clinical nursing and education practice for nearly 30 years, I know that nursing safety is an important indicator to measure nursing service, and it is also one of the most direct and important indicators for patients to choose medical treatment. As a gynecological nurse, we should standardize feasible safety precautions at any time, strengthen management, provide quality services for patients and reduce the occurrence of unsafe nursing. The author analyzed the causes of common security risks in nursing and discussed the corresponding preventive countermeasures.

1 analysis of the causes of potential safety hazards in clinical nursing

The professional quality and sense of responsibility of 1 need to be improved.

The quality of nursing staff is the primary factor related to nursing safety. Lack of professional knowledge and work experience is a common safety hazard in nursing work in some primary hospitals. Some nursing staff have low technical level or unskilled skills, do not cooperate well with others, do not pay attention to learning and professional technical training, and violate technical operation procedures, which often leads to operational errors or operational errors and nursing defects and accidents, thus leading to nursing complaints. Many cases, such as patients falling out of bed, falling, scalding, suicide, etc. It is all caused by nurses' off-duty, sleeping at work, delaying or omitting treatment, not making rounds on time, not carrying out doctor's orders correctly, and not finding out the patient's condition in time, which are all manifestations of nurses' weak sense of responsibility.

2 poor service attitude, lack of legal awareness

Poor service attitude is also a major safety hazard, such as using service taboos at work, not paying attention to the way and tone of conversation, and simply answering questions, which leads to misunderstanding of patients. If nurses lack understanding of patients and their families, ignore service attitude and psychological needs of patients, they will not meet patients' expectations and requirements. Patients are not ordinary consumers. Paying for medical treatment in the hospital shows that the hospital has established a contractual relationship with patients and formed a medical service contract. Hospitals provide medical care services for patients through medical staff. The nurse's behavior is not only a personal behavior, but also represents the hospital to perform the contract, and has the obligation to provide quality services to patients and safeguard their rights and interests. When nurses can't realize this and there is a gap between the actual work and the patient's requirements, it will lead to complaints.

3 nursing facilities are not standardized and lack of investment

In the construction and renovation of hospital facilities, the managers of this grass-roots hospital did not fully consider the requirements of nursing work and the comfort needs of patients, resulting in unreasonable facilities and poor conditions. For example, stairs and toilets have no handrails, and the ground is slippery and bright. Some hospitals only pay attention to the investment of large-scale equipment and facilities that can produce direct economic benefits, but ignore the basic investment of nursing equipment, resulting in the shortage and deficiency of nursing equipment, thus forming factors that affect nursing safety. For example, trolleys and stretchers are outdated, beds have no railings, and rescue instruments are poorly maintained. In particular, some rescue instruments that are not often used at ordinary times are too small to be used in rescue.

4 quality management system is not standardized

Governance is to determine the functions and activities necessary to meet the quality requirements. Quality management system is the core of nursing safety management. Imperfect governance system and inadequate quality control are all important factors that cause nursing insecurity. Nursing management is the core of nursing safety. Only when the treatment is in place can the nursing safety of patients be guaranteed. Under normal circumstances, nurses lack scientific management methods, which are mainly manifested in imperfect system, rules to follow, lax organization and management, and lack of management, supervision, inspection and guidance step by step. For example, there are drugs and articles in the rescue vehicle, which are placed in disorder, the location is not fixed, the rescue drugs are not counted, the labels are unknown, and the rescue instruments are not on standby.

2 safety concepts and countermeasures

1 Enhance the legal awareness of nursing staff

Strengthening the legal knowledge education of clinical nurses is an effective means to prevent nurse-patient disputes and reduce nursing insecurity. Through irregular legal lectures, combined with actual case analysis, nurses can understand the legal knowledge related to medical work, further analyze what is tort in clinical nursing work, make clear that nursing work is closely related to law, and safeguard the rights and interests of both nurses and patients according to law. For example, the Law on the Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases and the General Principles of Civil Law clearly regulate and restrict nursing behavior. Nurses must be clear about the legal provisions and obligations related to nursing work, improve their awareness of self-protection, engage in nursing services according to law, correctly perform their duties and prevent disputes between nurses and patients. Let nurses be familiar with the adverse legal consequences caused by their illegal acts, strengthen their sense of responsibility, and let nurses know what they should do and how to do it, so as to safeguard patients and their rights and interests.

2. Strengthen business training and improve service skills.

It is very important for nurses to strengthen professional technical training and continuing education. Only with good theoretical level and skilled nursing operation skills can high-quality nursing be implemented. Nursing managers should organize nurses' professional study in a planned and targeted way, practice professional technical operation repeatedly, strengthen implementation and assessment, improve nurses' professional level, actively encourage nurses to study, send nursing backbones out for further study, institutionalize nurses' post-graduation study, and constantly update their knowledge to adapt to the development of disciplines, so as to fundamentally prevent the occurrence of nursing technical defects. It not only improves the professional knowledge and skills of nursing staff, but also constantly cultivates keen observation and judgment, exerts good professional ethics, accurately solves the problems raised for patients, and ensures that nursing is in place and patients are satisfied.

3. Standardize the governance system and resource allocation.

The success or failure of nursing management directly affects the quality of nursing. The goal of nursing management is to improve nursing quality and eliminate all kinds of factors that lead to errors. Reducing errors is the premise of improving nursing quality. Therefore, first of all, we should combine the rules and regulations of the hospital and relevant laws and regulations to standardize the operation process of all aspects of nursing work, set up a quality management team to implement it, strengthen inspection and monitoring, and

Find and solve problems, increase rewards and punishments, strictly control, establish information feedback system, and strengthen advanced management awareness of nursing safety. Secondly, rational allocation of nursing manpower and facilities resources, timely increase of nursing devices, and improvement of nursing environment, so as to put an end to the overload working state, make the number of nursing staff match the actual clinical workload, and reasonably build a staff echelon according to nurses' own conditions, professional ability and work experience. , so as to maximize their expertise.

4. Improve the humanistic quality of nursing staff.

From the perspective of improving service level and strengthening professional ethics education, establishing good medical ethics, improving service attitude and cultivating good nurse-patient relationship are the fundamental measures to prevent nurse-patient disputes and reduce nursing insecurity. With the transformation of modern medical model and the formation of people-oriented and patient-centered concepts, higher requirements are put forward for nursing work. Therefore, nurses' awareness of serving patients should be strengthened and they should be educated to act according to their own code of conduct and requirements. At the same time, nurses should pay attention to learning the knowledge of psychology, humanities and social sciences, improve their communication ability with patients, embody humanistic services in the process of providing nursing management, technology and other services, add spiritual, cultural and emotional elements, achieve the people-oriented effect, understand the various needs of patients, and constantly create new nursing service areas.

With the continuous improvement of citizens' health awareness, self-protection awareness and legal awareness in China, people put forward higher requirements for nursing staff. In nursing work, only by using scientific governance methods, strengthening governance, perfecting governance mechanism, establishing and perfecting various rules and regulations, strictly controlling every link of nursing work, comprehensively improving the overall quality of nursing staff, improving the quality of nursing service, strengthening legal awareness, changing concepts and taking patients as the center can we reduce accidents, eliminate all kinds of hidden dangers and reduce and avoid the occurrence of nursing unsafe hidden dangers.

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What should be included in the investigation of potential safety hazards in the property management area? Property company * * * regional security risks investigation should include the following contents:

1. The service center should do a good job in fire prevention in spring, and conduct a comprehensive inspection of fire-fighting facilities, including alarms: check whether alarms in various areas and centralized alarms are working normally. 2. Thoroughly check the water system in the community, including (1) checking whether the pumps, pipes, lighting facilities and lines in the water system are in good condition and available; (2) Hygienic conditions meet the water supply standards.

3. Maintenance of power supply and distribution system, including: comprehensive dust removal and rust removal; Check that the grounding is good, the cable terminal and screws are fastened, and handle them in time if they are loose; When power distribution is overhauled, warning signs should be hung on the workplace, once-closing switches and knives, and the fuses should be disconnected.

4. Maintain the lightning protection system, including checking whether the lightning rod, lightning rod, down lead and down lead are rusted, and derusting and painting with silver paint in time if any. If the corrosion degree is serious, and the section corrosion reaches more than 30%, it must be replaced; Tap the conductive contact part of the down lead with a small hammer to check whether the contact is good and whether the solder joint is off-welded. Solve problems in time. More exciting plus property community WeChat; Check whether the grounding wire and grounding device are normal, whether the grounding nut is firm and reliable, and correct and tighten it in time when problems are found; Use grounding resistance meter to test the grounding resistance of lightning protection system, which is less than10Ω.

5. Clean up the garbage, including the garbage in the management area, so as to avoid fire caused by accumulation; Make a plan for stacking items and clean up the system.

I. (Purpose): In order to strengthen the safety production, civilized construction, environmental management and CI management of all projects in our company, this inspection system is formulated in accordance with the relevant provisions and requirements of relevant laws and regulations of the state, provinces and cities, the head office and the bureau.

Two. (Summary): The company implements a step-by-step safety inspection system. The fines for inspections at all levels shall be handled according to the fine process.

Third, the inspection standard:

1, Construction Safety Inspection Standard of the Ministry of Construction JGJ59-99

2. The Ministry of Construction's Safety Production Evaluation Standard for Construction Enterprises (JGJT77-2003).

3, the construction site safety system standard checklist "

4, the construction site environmental system standard evaluation form "

5.CI score sheet

Four, check the content:

1, inspection idea: based on the party and state's guidelines, policies, laws, regulations and relevant regulations and systems, check whether leaders and employees at all levels attach importance to safety work, and whether everyone cares about and actively does safety work, so that the party and state's guidelines, policies, laws, regulations and relevant regulations and systems can be implemented in departments and special projects departments.

2. Inspection system: Check whether the safety production rules and regulations are established, improved and strictly implemented. Whether the illegal command and operation are corrected and handled in time, especially whether the leaders and functional departments at all levels earnestly implement the responsibility system for production safety and meet the requirements of * * * management.

3. Inspection measures: Check whether the safety technical measures are prepared, whether the safety technical measures are targeted, whether the safety technical disclosure is made, and whether they are implemented according to the safety technical measures designed by the construction organization.

4. Check hidden dangers: check whether the working conditions, safety facilities, safety devices, safety appliances, mechanical devices and electrical devices meet the requirements of safety production regulations and standards.

5. Check the handling of the accident: check whether there is any act of concealing the accident, whether the accident is reported in time, whether it is seriously investigated, and whether preventive measures are formulated and implemented. Accidents found in the inspection that are not handled according to the principle of "four don't let go" should be dealt with seriously again to prevent similar accidents from happening again.

6. Check the organization: check whether the safety leading group is established, whether the safety production guarantee system is established, whether the safety organization is established, and whether the safety cadres are strictly equipped.

7. Check education and training: whether new employees have received three-level safety education, whether special types of work have been trained and certified, and whether leaders and safety officers at all levels have received special training.

Five, where the security risks found in the safety inspection, the inspection organizer shall issue a notice of rectification of security risks, supervise the implementation of the rectification plan and review it. Major hidden dangers must be thoroughly rectified within the prescribed time limit. When major safety hazards found in the inspection may immediately lead to casualties or property losses, the safety inspectors have the right to order immediate shutdown, and the construction can be resumed only after rectification and acceptance.

Six, the company or the project department's regular inspection, must use the standard "scoring table" for inspection, scoring, feedback, and backup the inspection records to the inspected unit.

Meet the superior inspection

Seven. After receiving the inspection notice from the management departments at all levels, the head office and the bureau level, the project department will send the information to the relevant leaders of the company and the HSE management department of the company in time, and the company will assist the project department to meet the inspection in time.

Eight, the inspected project department should be carried out in strict accordance with the notification requirements, and must prepare written report materials, conditional project department can also use projection technology to report.

Nine, the superior inspection unit according to the rectification list, to timely rectification, timely feedback. At the same time, feedback to the HSE management department of the company.

Company level inspection

X. Insist on regular inspection: implement monthly production inspection system, led by the company's deputy manager or chief engineer, and attended by the security department and relevant technicians.

Eleven, in addition to regular, security departments also organize professional, seasonal, acceptance, pre-holiday, regular inspection. Focus on checking posts, checking on duty, checking pre-holiday education, and checking the site during holidays. For the hidden dangers found, a safety violation list on the construction site must be issued immediately, and the "three-determination" measures should be implemented, which will be reviewed by the security department.

Twelve, HSE management department usually adhere to the daily inspection system, the implementation of flight inspection.

XIII. Company-level regular inspection schedule:

1, Shanghai: once a month, starting in the middle of each month.

2. Surrounding areas outside Shanghai (including Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Anhui): once every quarter, starting on 15 at the end of the quarter.

3. Away from other parts of Shanghai (including Beijing): once every six months, starting from June and early February.

4. Special inspection: A special treatment plan has been formulated, and regular inspection is conducted every month.

5. Seasonal inspection: inspection of typhoon prevention, flood control and heatstroke prevention, winter construction, etc. , and check 3 days in advance.

6. Temporary inspection: In case of inspection of major national and local holidays and activities, the inspection time will be notified separately.

Fourteen, regular inspection results feedback:

Three days after the end of this inspection, the company announced it in the form of inspection notice. The affiliated enterprises should analyze and study the existing problems according to the inspection results, put forward rectification measures and requirements, and combine them with target management, responsibility system assessment and rewards and punishments.

Inspection by regional management department

The regional management department organizes subordinate personnel to conduct a safety inspection on the subordinate project department once a month, and feeds back the inspection results to the company.

Self-inspection of project department

15, once a week, the project manager will organize the project technical, safety, subcontractors (or team leaders) and other management personnel to conduct special safety inspection on the construction site, and increase the inspection cycle density of important production facilities and key operating parts.

16. According to the seasonal climate change during the construction period, the project manager department should promptly increase seasonal safety inspections such as flood control, windproof, antifreeze and gas poisoning prevention, paying special attention to safety inspections before and after major holidays.

Seventeen, the project intends to full-time safety management personnel must implement a full-time inspection system, on-site supervision should be carried out for high-risk operations.

Eighteen, the project should establish a safety inspection ledger, detailed records of each inspection and rectification, so as to trace the cause and responsibility in the event of an accident. Use a special checklist for inspection records.

Nineteen, rating and feedback:

1. Conduct routine inspection every week, and the project department will score against the score sheet, with sign-in, record, rewards and punishments, etc.

2, the project department weekly meeting feedback inspection results, meeting attendance, records, photos.

Team leader and individual safety production inspection

Twenty, the head of the subcontractors (or team leader) should check the safety of their respective work areas before going to work every day, stop the three violations, and give timely feedback to the construction director for all hazards involving their own workers. The project department should make records, organize and coordinate, and eliminate hidden dangers.

Twenty-one, every construction worker should strengthen the consciousness of self-protection, check his work place before going to work, and take effective measures in time besides reporting unsafe factors to the team leader.

Twenty-two, supplementary provisions:

1. In case of special circumstances, the inspection time will be notified separately.

What are the main problems of environmental safety hazards in electroplating industry? A large number of toxic and harmful chemicals are used in electroplating industry, resulting in a large number of wastewater, waste gas and solid waste containing toxic and harmful substances (including heavy metal ions). It may pollute or poison water, atmosphere, soil, working environment, etc. GB2 1900 has clear regulations on pollutant discharge in electroplating industry.