What characters and deeds have appeared in those events in the Ming Dynasty?

Zhu Yuanzhang (1328,10,21-1398, June 24), born in Haozhou Zhongli (now Fengyang, Anhui), was the founding emperor of the Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Yuanzhang was very poor when he was a child. He used to herd cattle for the landlord. Zheng Zheng entered Huang Jue Temple for four years (1344). At the age of 25, he took part in the Red Scarf Army uprising led by Guo Zixing against the Yuan Dynasty. In the 16th year of Zheng Zheng (1356), Qing Ji Road was captured and changed to Tianfu.

In the twenty-seventh year of Zheng Zheng (1367), Xu Da and Chang Yuchun were ordered to send troops to the Northern Expedition to overthrow the Yuan Dynasty. At the beginning of the first year of Hongwu (1368), he proclaimed himself emperor in Yingtianfu, with the title of Daming and the title of Hongwu.

The capture of Dadu in the autumn of that year ended the rule of the Yuan Dynasty in the whole country. And pacify the southwest, northwest, Liaodong and other places, and finally unify the whole country.

2. The Battle of Jingnan

When Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang of the Ming Dynasty was in power, his children and grandchildren were enfeoffed to be vassals everywhere, and the influence of vassals was expanding day by day. Due to the premature death of Prince Zhu Biao, in the thirty-first year of Hongwu (1398), Zhu Yunwen, the great-grandson of the emperor, succeeded to the throne. ?

Wen Jian and his cronies Qi Tai and Huang Zicheng took a series of measures to reduce the number of vassals. At the same time, troops were deployed around Beiping and in the city, and the guards of Judy, the fourth son of Ming Taizu, were transferred to the Great Wall to get rid of the Prince. ?

In the first year of Wen Jian (1399), Judy set out for the south, which was called "the battle of Jingnan" in history. Wen Jian started the Northern Expedition with veteran Geng Bingwen, and sent Li Jinglong to continue the Eastern Expedition. However, Emperor Wen Jian also lacked strategy, which led to the continuous elimination of the main forces.

Judy attacked at the right time and used this strategy flexibly. After several wars, the main force of the Confederate army was wiped out and finally the victory was advanced. In four years (1402), Wen Jian captured Yingtian (now Nanjing, Jiangsu).

The war lasted for four years (1399- 1402). During the war, Emperor Wen Jian's whereabouts were unknown, or he burned himself to death in his palace, or he fled from the tunnel and hid in Yungui to become a monk. In the same year, Judy ascended the throne for the sake of Ming Chengzu.

3, the change of civil engineering

In June of the 14th year of the Orthodox Church (1449), a man named Wala invaded the territory of the Ming Dynasty for many times, and Ming Yingzong led the elite troops of 200,000 troops to the war. He intends to go north from Datong and fight Vala at the border of the Ming Empire.

The Ming army just arrived in Datong, got a tip-off from eunuch Guo Jing and learned that Vara was ready. The Ming army immediately returned from Datong, intending to return to Beijing from Juyongguan.

On the way, Walla was attacked many times, and Chase and Fu Xuan were successively lost. Wu Kezhong and Zhu Yong led 50,000 to 60,000 people from both armies and suffered a crushing defeat in Yaoziling.

The rest of the troops moved to the civilian fortress and were attacked by Walla. The Ming army was defeated and surrendered, with more than half of the casualties. Ming Yingzong Zhu Qizhen was captured, and Kuang Yě, minister of the Ministry of War, and Wang Zuo, minister of the Ministry of Commerce, were killed. At that time, the capital's 200,000 elite had fallen into the civil fort, leaving less than100,000.

Yu Qian urged Wang Xi to send troops to Beijing and Henan for training, and the Japanese troops to the coastal areas of Shandong and Ningxia, and the grain transport troops from Jiangbei and Beijing came to help. People gradually decided to send Yingzong back first and ask the city guards to open the door. Yu Qian and other ministers made Wang Xi emperor privately, and personally refused to defend the city, sending Yingzong back to Beijing first.

4. The change of grasping the door

The change of seizing the gate, also known as the restoration of Nangong, took place in Jingtai, Zhu Qiyu in the Ming Dynasty. Shi Heng, a general of the Ming Dynasty, Xu Youzhen, a politician and Cao Jixiang, a eunuch, were equal to the coup in which Ming Yingzong Zhu Qizhen was imprisoned in Nangong by Zhu Qiyu in the eighth year of Jingtai (1457).

After the restoration of Zhu Qizhen, the title was changed to Tianshun. On the same day, Zhu Qizhen ordered the arrest of Yu Qian, a minister of the Ministry of War, and Wang Wen, a minister of the official department. On January 22nd, the first year of Tianshun (1457), Yu Qian and Wang Wen were killed for treason and abandoned the city. And persecuted the civil and military officials recommended by Yu Qian.

During the restoration, Shi Heng, Zhang Di, Xu Youzhen and others were promoted to official positions and knighted. On the first day of February, it was abolished as king and moved westward.

On February 19, Zhu Qiyu died at the age of 30. He was buried in Xishan with the gift of a prince, saying that he was furious and buried in Jinshan, which destroyed the Shouling he built. His concubines were also given death and martyrdom.

5, big etiquette dispute

At the age of 15, Zhu Houzong succeeded to the throne as a vassal. From the 16th year of Zhengde in Ming Dynasty (152 1) to the 3rd year of Jiajing (1524), the "big gift debate" between the old cabinet power group headed by Yang Tinghe and the new scholar-officials such as Zhang Cong around the ceremonial form of succession at that time went through three rounds, and finally ended with Zhang Cong and others.

The dispute of "big gift" is not only the conflict between the old cabinet power group and the new scholar-bureaucrat, but also the interweaving of the conflict between the new imperial power and the old cabinet power. It also reflects the conflict and contest between the orthodox Zhu Cheng Daoism (Neo-Confucianism) and the emerging Wang Yangming's Mind Theory, and its essence is the reflection of the dispute between heaven and human feelings.

Baidu Encyclopedia-What happened in the Ming Dynasty

Baidu Encyclopedia-Changes in Civil Engineering

Baidu Encyclopedia-The Change of Stealing Doors

Baidu Encyclopedia-Battle of Jingnan

Baidu Encyclopedia-Zhu Yuanzhang

Baidu Encyclopedia —— Debate on Great Etiquette