The origin and definition of property. Do you know the classification of property?

The word "property" was translated from English property or estate, and was introduced into coastal areas and inland areas from Hong Kong, meaning property, assets, real estate, real estate, industry and so on. Since the word was introduced into China in 1980s, it has now formed a complete concept, that is, property refers to all kinds of houses and their supporting equipment, facilities and venues that have been built and put into use. Real estate can be large or small, a flat can be a real estate, and a building can also be used as a real estate. The same building can be divided into several real estates according to different ownership.

property management

Property includes a variety of formats, such as office buildings, commercial buildings, residential quarters, villas, industrial parks, hotels, factories and warehouses.

Residential property refers to buildings with residential functions for people to live in, including residential quarters, single residential buildings, apartments, villas, resorts and so on. Of course, including supporting facilities, equipment and public venues.

Commercial properties, sometimes called investment properties, refer to those properties that can obtain sustained growth returns or sustained appreciation through operation, which can be roughly divided into commercial service properties and office properties. Commercial service property refers to all kinds of construction land for commercial and service industries, including shopping malls, department stores, supermarkets, specialty stores, chain stores, hotels, hotels, warehouses, leisure and entertainment places, etc. Office property is a place where managers (white-collar workers) engaged in production, operation, consulting and service industries work, and belongs to the category of production and operation materials. This kind of property can be divided into traditional office buildings, modern office buildings and intelligent office buildings according to the development process, and can be divided into office buildings, B-class office buildings and C-class office buildings according to the property grade of office buildings. The prosperity of the commercial property market is closely related to the overall local social and economic situation, especially to the development of industries such as industry and commerce, finance and insurance, consulting and tourism. Due to the huge amount of funds involved in property circulation and management, this kind of property is often mainly invested by institutions (units), and the property users use the space provided by the owners to conduct business activities and pay the property rent with part of the operating income.

Industrial property rights refer to houses that provide space for human production activities, including light and heavy industrial workshops, developed high-tech industrial houses, related R&D houses and warehouses. Some industrial properties are for sale and some are for rent. Generally speaking, the design of heavy industry workshop needs to meet specific technological requirements and equipment installation needs, and it is usually only suitable for specific users and is not easy to change hands. High-tech industries (such as electronics, computers, precision instrument manufacturing and other industries) have strong adaptability. Light industrial plants are between the above two.

Property used for other purposes than the above-mentioned property is called other property, and sometimes it is also called special property. This kind of property includes racetracks, golf courses, gas stations, airports, stations, docks, highways, bridges, tunnels and other properties. The content of special property management usually needs the permission of the government. There are few market transactions of special properties, and the investment in such properties is mostly long-term investment. Investors rely on the income from daily business activities to recover their investment and earn investment income. The transfer period of land use right of this kind of property is stipulated by the state as 50 years.

Property service fees include the following nine items:

(1) Manage the salary, social insurance and welfare expenses of service personnel.

(2) Daily operation and maintenance expenses of common parts of the property and public facilities and equipment.

(3) Cleaning expenses of the property management area.

(4) Maintenance cost of greening in the property management area.

(5) Maintenance cost of regional order in property management.

(6) office expenses.

(7) Depreciation of fixed assets of property management enterprises.

(8) Property parts, public facilities and equipment and public liability insurance fees.

(9) Other expenses agreed by the owner.

According to the principle of voluntariness, with the consent of the owners or owners' committee, you can handle the parts, facilities and public liability insurance of the property, and the expenses are included in the service cost or service expenditure.

The cost of overhaul, medium repair, renewal and transformation of the parts and facilities used by the property shall be charged through special maintenance funds, and shall not be included in the cost of property service or the cost of implementing the property service charging system.

The implementation of the property service fee reward system, the property service expenditure received in advance belongs to the escrow nature and belongs to the owners who have paid it, and the property management enterprise shall not use it for expenses other than those agreed in the property service contract.

Under the incentive system mode, the property service fee consists of the property service expenditure (including the above fees and statutory taxes) and the remuneration of the property service enterprise.

(The above answers were published on 20 13-04-08. Please refer to the actual situation for the current purchase policy. )

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