How to manage heating in winter?

Pay attention to the winter consumption expenditure of government employees and the reform of housing heating and property management

2002-03-0 1

Pay attention to the expenditure and reform of housing heating and property management for government employees in winter —— Dong, honorary president of the Real Estate Research Association of state organs, talked about the development and difficulty of heating fee management and residential property management standards of central units in Beijing, which were two tasks of government management in 2002 and also a hot issue involving the interests of cadres and employees. This year, the Real Estate Research Association of state organs takes these two tasks as research contents. Our reporter interviewed Dong, honorary chairman of the real estate research association of state organs, and he talked about his own views on the consumption expenditure and reform of housing heating and property management for government employees in winter. One of the hot spots: rationalizing the management of heating costs Dong said that rationalizing the management of heating costs requires a cost. Practice has proved that we must pay the price for the reform under the condition of market economy. At present, there are four misunderstandings in the management of heating fees: First, the reform is not synchronized, and it is difficult to collect heating fees. On the one hand, in the past, heating was provided free of charge by all units of housing property rights, and funds were collected and remitted in a unified way. Heating and housing heating come from the same pot. Since the reform and opening up, all kinds of heating units have implemented enterprise management under the condition of transition to socialist market economy. According to enterprise management, we should pay attention to cost, efficiency and value-added, and the coal, water, electricity, labor and taxes consumed in enterprise operation should be included in the cost. Therefore, the price of heating is rising year by year, and it is not enough for the payer to rely solely on the original funds. The failure of enterprises to receive funds will affect their operation and heating. On the other hand, in the wage reform of employees, the personal consumption expenditure of heating in winter is not included in the wage income of employees, which forms the unsynchronized reform. Second, the payment mechanism is unreasonable. In recent years, the housing distribution in kind has been cancelled, employees buy houses and property rights are diversified. However, the original property unit still bears the expenses of paying elevators, high-pressure pumps, heating fees, etc., and the funds of the units and organs are budgeted by the departments. In the housing crowd, the central state organs and local houses cross each other, and there are people from all walks of life in the housing crowd, but it is unreasonable to pay the heating fee entirely by the property right unit. Third, the economic affordability of cadres and workers is insufficient. After the housing reform, workers paid most of their savings for buying a house, and now the lack of heating fees in personal wages is also an aspect of the difficulty in collecting. Fourth, some comrades believe that housing heating is still a kind of welfare, and heating and heating are not regarded as a commodity and consumption. Dong believes that four problems should be solved in rationalizing heating cost management. The first is to change ideas. Under the condition of market economy, we should change the concept that heating is free to enjoy and regard heating and heating as equivalent exchange consumption behavior. Straightening out the management of heating costs involves many links such as heating, heating, municipal administration, taxation, price, energy and so on, which is actually the adjustment of interests among all subjects. At present, the funds of the central state organs are departmental budgets, and they have to eat in different places and adopt the idea of "whose children are taken away" to make adjustments. The second is monetization. As a kind of living consumption, heating cost should be reflected in the content of personal salary. At the national construction work conference in 2002, the Ministry of Construction called for promoting the reform of urban heating system in China and gradually stopping the use of traditional heat utilization systems by housing property units or workers. Instead, households (heat users) directly pay heating fees to heating enterprises, commercialize heating, monetize heating subsidies, and change implicit subsidies into open subsidies. The third is to study and use new technologies and adopt new forms of heating. At present, some heating pipes in the building area are too long, with large heat loss, and some are hot upstairs and cold downstairs. Household metering is implemented, heating is provided by meter, and users can adjust the consumption as needed. At the same time, actively adopt new heating methods, such as the newly developed "water source heat pump" heating system in Beijing, wall-hung boilers and electrothermal film heating devices. The use of new technology is not only beneficial to environmental protection, but also economical and practical. The fourth is to act according to economic laws and set reasonable prices. After the monetization of heating costs, heating enterprises should also implement the operating principle of guaranteeing capital and making small profits, and the government should carry out macro-control on heating costs. The second hot spot: the improvement and perfection of property management Dong said that property management is not only the management of houses, but also the management of office buildings, hotels and commercial buildings. In fact, property management is an industry and a symbol of social civilization and progress. He introduced four main forms of the current property management system: one is a property management company transformed from the local original housing management department (housing management film). The predecessor of this kind of company is entrusted by the central state organs to manage the real estate of government organs and units, using traditional management methods, but today, with the development of market economy, some services still can't keep up. The second is the property company managed by the construction unit. Mainly units with housing funds, after the completion of housing construction, organize personnel to set up property management companies. Some of these property management services are good and some are poor. Third, the property management company derived from commercial housing developers after the completion and sale of real estate is also a mixed service. Fourth, after bidding, it will be managed by a property management company with independent legal personality. In reality, such management is rare, especially in residential areas where owners' committees are set up and property companies are hired. In short, the competent government departments should guide the establishment of a healthy and orderly property management market, and further formulate specific measures to standardize the behavior of property management enterprises. At present, some property enterprises managed by the central party and government organs have better services and operations, while others are more general. If the service quality is good, the residents' satisfaction is high, and the service quality is poor, it is necessary to improve the management level, practice internal strength and improve the service quality. After analyzing the situation that the central party and government organs sell public houses to employees, there are two contradictions in general: one is that residents have requirements to improve their living environment and quality of life, but a considerable number of residential quarters cannot meet this demand in property management, and management and services are not in place. Another contradiction is that in residential areas where property management has been implemented or will be implemented, there is a gap between the charging price and the tenants' ability to pay. These two contradictions are a hot issue worthy of attention and research. There is also a misplacement in understanding. For example, some comrades think that buying public houses means paying property management fees, which is equivalent to paying "rent", but they don't know that rent and property management fees are essentially different. Rent is the monetary expression of the value of the house itself (the rent has not fully reflected the value of the house in its realization stage, or the deviation between the price and the value), and the property management fee is the labor remuneration for the services provided by the property management. When talking about the development trend of property management, Dong pointed out that property management is a rapidly developing industry. After China's entry into WTO, foreign capital will enter the domestic market, so the property management industry should have a sense of urgency. In the future, the development of property management should focus on three aspects: First, improve laws and regulations. Beijing has successively issued some local laws and regulations, and this year the relevant state departments will issue property management regulations. Accordingly, the central state organs should also study the guiding opinions of property management in residential quarters as soon as possible. Second, build a brand. Property management departments should establish people-oriented thinking, create a cultural atmosphere of property management and improve the level of property management. Third, protect the capital and make small profits. At present, the domestic property management industry is still in its infancy, and the fees should be adapted to the income level of people in the community, so as to make a slight profit under the condition of ensuring operation. He said that the reform of government residential property management enterprises should pay attention to seven aspects: First, property management units should gradually become independent legal persons in accordance with the requirements of modern enterprise system. The second is to obtain the qualification of property management as soon as possible, and strengthen the internal system construction according to the requirements of establishing a modern enterprise system. The third is to further improve the quality of employees, win with integrity, and do a good job in professional and socialized services. Fourth, diversify and develop community economy. You can use the podium in residential areas to run enterprises, old-age dining tables (there is a precedent in Nansha Gou Property Management Community, a central state organ), and even run education and kindergartens to support the main business by sideline. The fifth is to expand service coverage. In addition to community management services, it can also provide office services, handle interior decoration and home appliance maintenance for owners, operate parking lots and supermarkets, and introduce domestic service, medical staff, purchase, tickets and real estate intermediary services. In short, it is necessary to facilitate residents and expand service functions. Sixth, establish a property management service information network, pay attention to collecting and sorting out the information of personnel structure, economic income, equipment and facilities, environment and public security in residential areas, and gradually establish a database with conditions. Seventh, the competent authorities should interact with local government departments. Property management involves industry and commerce, labor, finance, prices, taxation, neighborhood committees, public security and other departments, as well as municipal administration, power supply, water supply, gardens, sanitation and other aspects. The competent department should coordinate relevant policies with relevant local departments in time to create a good external environment for the development of property management units.