Metropolis of Shenzhen and Hong Kong

Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation involves the economy, society, culture, personnel exchanges, cross-border construction and urban management between Shenzhen and Hong Kong, among which economic cooperation is the main form and important driving force of Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation. To sum up, under the mode of "one country, two systems", Shenzhen-Hong Kong economic cooperation combines Hong Kong's advantages in capital, market and management with Shenzhen's advantages in location, policy and cost, and then forms regional economic cooperation with complementary advantages and division of labor.

Shenzhen-Hong Kong economic cooperation, which began in the early 1980s, has basically formed a cooperative pattern focusing on industrial cooperation, cross-border infrastructure construction and services, operational mechanism and policy coordination after more than 20 years of development and gradual deepening. The development process of Shenzhen-Hong Kong economic cooperation is a process of continuous expansion and gradual deepening of three major contents: industrial level, urban function level and operational mechanism level. As Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation enters a new period of development, it is urgent to study and discuss the overall goal of Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation, which is a major issue related to the long-term development of cooperation between the two places. At present, the representative formulation of the target model of Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation is either based on economic cooperation, such as "Shenzhen-Hong Kong economic integration", "Great Bonded Zone", "Shenzhen-Hong Kong economic zone" and "Shenzhen-Hong Kong economy with the same market". Or focus on the goal ideas from the perspective of urban cooperation, such as "Shenzhen Bay Area", "Twin Cities", "Shenzhen-Hong Kong Integration", "One Capital and Two Districts", "Shenzhen-Hong Kong Innovation Circle" and "Shenzhen-Hong Kong Metropolitan Area". Generally speaking, these formulations are the research results of different aspects and key points of Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation, each with its own characteristics and key points, covering different areas of Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation, but they have not really touched on the development direction and overall goal of Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation. Recently, the Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Mr Donald Tsang, proposed in his election platform that Hong Kong should "establish a strategic partnership with Shenzhen to jointly build a world-class city" and put forward a new strategic summary of Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation.

When studying the objectives of Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation, we should grasp at least three points: (1) The development direction of Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation should reflect the strategic objectives and positioning of the two cities in the national urban system and the global urban system, and the positioning of Shenzhen-Hong Kong urban cooperation should be raised to the national strategic height of China's integration into the world and participation in international competition. (2) Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation should include economic integration and inter-city coordination. Under the premise of "one country, two systems", the cooperation between Shenzhen and Hong Kong is first manifested as economic cooperation, and the target mode of cooperation between the two places should of course reflect the characteristics of economic cooperation and the trend of economic integration or integration; At the same time, Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation is a cooperation between two closely linked cities, so it inevitably involves the functions, objectives, layout and cross-border infrastructure of the two cities, which is reflected in the trend of inter-city coordination under the background of regional integration, that is, it is necessary to synthesize previous studies from two aspects. (3) The cooperation mode between Shenzhen and Hong Kong should reflect the principle of "one country, two systems" and the development trend and cooperation characteristics of the two places. Shenzhen-Hong Kong economic integration is promoted under the premise of "one country, two systems", and it is impossible to promote it completely with reference to a single model. It must reflect the new trend of economic integration and the present situation of economic cooperation between the two places.

1, overall goal

We believe that Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation should be based on Shenzhen-Hong Kong economic integration, expand cooperation between cities of the two places, explore a mixed cooperation model that meets the needs of Shenzhen-Hong Kong development under the principle of "one country, two systems", and finally upgrade Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation to an international metropolis that relies on the Pearl River Delta metropolitan area, plays an important leading role in the national economy and plays a significant role in the global urban system. Therefore, the overall goal of Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation is to catch up with new york, London and Tokyo. Relying on the Pearl River Delta metropolitan area, Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation will promote total expansion, resource integration and functional re-engineering, integrate and form an international metropolis with a population of 3,000 square kilometers and 20 million, continuously improve international competitiveness and influence, and finally build an international metropolis.

2. Main functions

The core functions of Shenzhen-Hong Kong International Metropolis include:

Headquarters Operation Center-Based on the deep-water ports, airports and information ports in Shenzhen and Hong Kong, we will build an internationally advanced urban infrastructure and networked business operation system, making Shenzhen and Hong Kong an important gathering place for global economic and social energy, absorbing and transporting global technology, capital and talents, serving the whole country and the world, and becoming a headquarters operation center with superior operating environment, efficient economic activities and developed headquarters economy.

High-end service center-Relying on Hong Kong's highly developed, well-run and well-regulated international financial system, we will strengthen the function of international logistics, focus on producer services, vigorously promote information, commerce, exhibitions, international cultural exchanges and media, and vigorously develop professional services such as intermediary, evaluation and marketing, so as to make Shenzhen and Hong Kong a high-end service center supported by finance, logistics, information, cultural exchanges and professional services.

Innovation Industry Center-Guided by Shenzhen's independent innovation and high-tech industries, combined with the advantages of Hong Kong's creative industries and network digital technology, it will form and enhance the global operation function of innovative industries and related high-tech value-added services relying on network information technology, seize the commanding heights and important links of the global layout of international industrial chains, and strive to establish new industrial clusters that are suitable for international metropolises, so as to make Shenzhen and Hong Kong become the center for the gathering and diffusion of innovative industries.

3. Content of cooperation

According to the strategic concept of building Shenzhen and Hong Kong into an international metropolis, Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation should be based on economic integration, promote social and cultural convergence between the two places, and then form inter-city integration and coordination between Shenzhen and Hong Kong.

Economic integration is the initial mode and main driving force of Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation, and it is still the main field of cooperation between the two places. The ultimate goal of regional economic integration is to form a unified regional economy. In the process of gradually forming regional common interests, resource allocation and economic operation mechanism, it is necessary to expand from single product cooperation, industrial transfer and factor flow to cross-border services, cross-border urban operation system, economic operation mechanism, management system and system, and policy system.

Extending from economic integration to urban integration is an obvious feature of Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation. Since Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation is mutual cooperation between two neighboring cities in the same location, it is inevitable to increase cross-border infrastructure investment and construction, environmental protection, port operation, urban management, urban functions and positioning. Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation needs to strengthen the connection of urban infrastructure, urban management and other software and hardware, so that the cooperation between the two places can form and strengthen the unique imprint of cooperation with neighboring cities, form a Shenzhen-Hong Kong metropolitan area with external signs and trends of urbanization, and cultivate and form a Shenzhen-Hong Kong international metropolis.

With the economic integration and urban integration, Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation needs to be further promoted to the social and cultural level. With the promotion of Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation to a higher stage, it needs to be extended to social exchanges, cultural exchanges, personnel exchanges, life between the two places and other fields, forming a multi-field and all-round cooperation trend.

4. Cooperation mode

Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation is an integrated cooperation between Shenzhen-Hong Kong economy and cities under the condition of "one country, two systems". Therefore, Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation should explore the road of cooperation under "one country, two systems" to adapt to the development of the two places and form a cooperation model that conforms to the characteristics of the two places. According to the actual process and evolution trend of Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation, Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation model can refer to regional cooperation models such as "free trade zone", "same market" and "economic alliance", and then form a mixed and integrated cooperation model of various models.

(B) the necessity and possibility of building Shenzhen and Hong Kong into an international metropolis

1, necessity

First of all, building Shenzhen and Hong Kong into international metropolises conforms to the trend of global urbanization and regional economic integration. With the acceleration of economic globalization and regional integration, the agglomeration and radiation functions of economic center cities, core cities and international cities have been continuously enhanced, and the correlation and diffusion effects between urban agglomerations and metropolitan areas (districts) have become increasingly obvious. Capital, talents, science and technology, wealth and creativity are constantly concentrated in the metropolitan area, which has become the core carrier, main form and important driving force of regional economic integration, and the development of the metropolitan area has become the global mainstream trend. Building Shenzhen and Hong Kong into an international metropolis is not only in line with the development trend of global regional economic integration and urbanization, but also conducive to promoting the division of labor and cooperation among cities and enjoying the reasonable choice of cooperation results.

Second, building Shenzhen and Hong Kong into an international metropolis is a national strategic choice for China to open to the outside world, participate in international economic cooperation and achieve peaceful development under the new situation. Facing the trend that all countries are accelerating the development and cultivation of international metropolises, China should objectively cultivate and build one or several international metropolises with strong international competitiveness and global influence while developing rapidly, increasing its economic aggregate and improving its international influence, so as to promote the healthy growth of regional economy and urban economy internally and undertake the heavy responsibility of improving the level of opening up and upgrading its opening-up strategy under the new situation; Externally, we will take a more active part in international affairs, undertake the strategic tasks of regional economic development and even economic globalization, and promote the peaceful development and rise of China. In this sense, it has become a national strategic choice for China's development in the new century and new stage to cultivate and build an international metropolis with the strength of the whole country. By deepening cooperation, Shenzhen and Hong Kong will take the lead in cultivating and building an international metropolis for China, which is not only a strategic need to promote national economic development and opening up under the new situation, but also an inevitable need to prosper and stabilize Hong Kong and implement the policy of "one country, two systems". At the same time, it is an objective choice for China to promote urbanization and speed up the construction of metropolitan areas.

Third, building Shenzhen-Hong Kong into an international metropolis is conducive to promoting the overall development and integration of the Pearl River Delta and Pan-Pearl River Delta regions. Through the economic function innovation, spatial integration and factor integration, function superposition and reconstruction of Shenzhen-Hong Kong international metropolis, it is helpful to promote the resource intensive and economic intensive in the Pearl River Delta and Pan-Pearl River Delta, on the one hand, to minimize the cost of resource allocation in the region, on the other hand, to maximize the regional economic benefits, thus promoting the economic and social division of labor and cooperation in the region and promoting the overall development of regional integration.

Fourthly, building Shenzhen-Hong Kong into an international metropolis is a realistic choice for Shenzhen-Hong Kong to enhance its position as a regional economic center, break through the growth limit and expand more development space. The cooperation between Shenzhen and Hong Kong in building an international metropolis is not only the responsibility and obligation of Hong Kong and Shenzhen as China Special Administrative Region and Special Economic Zone respectively, but also the objective need to promote inter-city cooperation and promote the sustainable development of Shenzhen and Hong Kong. Building Shenzhen and Hong Kong into an international metropolis is not only an objective need for Hong Kong and Shenzhen to further break through their own limitations and achieve long-term healthy development, but also an active choice for the two places to enhance their regional core functions, expand more development space, avoid decentralization or marginalization, enhance and enhance their position as regional economic centers and exert greater influence.

2. Possibility

First, Shenzhen and Hong Kong have the necessary conditions and operating platform to build an international metropolis. Hong Kong is an important international financial center city and a service capital in the Asia-Pacific region. Shenzhen is an important economic center city in southern China. At present, it is marching towards a regional international city, and its development direction is a global pioneer city. Shenzhen and Hong Kong basically have the basic framework and operating platform for building an international metropolis.

Second, Shenzhen and Hong Kong have strong economic strength and vast hinterland. The main economic indicators of Shenzhen and Hong Kong, such as economic aggregate, per capita level, import and export trade and service export, are in the forefront of large and medium-sized cities in China, and the degree of internationalization and opening-up index are in the leading position. At the same time, Shenzhen and Hong Kong have a vast economic hinterland, including the Pearl River Delta region and the Greater Pearl River Delta region with strong economic strength and obvious industrial structure advantages, which have grown into the world manufacturing processing and production base and an important node of global logistics, as well as the Pan-Pearl River Delta region with larger market space and more resource advantages. If China-ASEAN Free Trade Area is brought into view, Shenzhen and Hong Kong are just at the intersection and location center of this free trade area, which coincides with the location center function of Pan-Pearl River Delta Economic Zone, thus expanding the economic hinterland and growth space of Shenzhen-Hong Kong international metropolis on a larger scale.

Third, Shenzhen and Hong Kong have strong comprehensive competitiveness and obvious complementary competitive advantages. The competitive advantages of Shenzhen and Hong Kong are obvious. They are not only complementary in industries, but also complementary in elements, which makes the two places have complete functions, perfect facilities, vast hinterland and complementary advantages. In particular, Shenzhen's development potential and independent innovation momentum can complement Hong Kong's. Hong Kong can support Shenzhen in terms of capital market, international market expansion, talents and experience, and ensure that Shenzhen and Hong Kong are fully integrated into an international metropolis with complementary industries, strong economic strength and strong comprehensive competitiveness. According to the latest research results of global 1 10 cities jointly conducted by China Academy of Social Sciences and foreign scholars in 2006, Hong Kong and Shenzhen ranked as 19 and 73 respectively in the global city competitiveness rankings. If we add up the competitiveness indicators of Shenzhen and Hong Kong, some indicators may surpass world-class metropolises such as Tokyo, London and new york, whose competitiveness is among the best in the world. Starting from the development of the global metropolitan area, some foreign scholars believe that Hong Kong and Shenzhen have actually become a giant conjoined city, and named it "Xiang Zhen", and regarded the new mega-city formed by Shenzhen and Hong Kong as a new representative of the development trend of the global metropolitan area.

Finally, Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation has accumulated experience, and the cooperation mechanism has been initially established and deepened. The practice of Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation for more than 20 years has not only accumulated rich operational experience and implementation examples for Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation under the new situation, but also gradually formed and continuously improved the cooperation mechanism and institutional framework at the folk level and the government level, constructed the practical operation mechanism of Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation under the new situation, and ensured the realistic possibility of building Shenzhen-Hong Kong into an international metropolis from the institutional operation level. It is particularly worth pointing out that the contents of Mr Donald Tsang's campaign platform about building Hong Kong and Shenzhen into world-class cities objectively show that building Shenzhen and Hong Kong into international cities has become the consensus of the two places.

Third, the leading strategy of promoting Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation and building an international metropolis.

(1) Take Shenzhen and Hong Kong as an international metropolis, connect intercity functions and improve the cross-border service system.

1. Integrate intercity resources and connect intercity functions. Based on the analysis of the existing advantages, functions and development trends of the two places, Hong Kong can generally focus on high-end service centers and moderately develop innovative industries. Generally speaking, Shenzhen should reflect the advantages and functions of innovative industries, at the same time, cultivate high-end service industries moderately, and cultivate and develop headquarters operation centers with different emphases.

2.* * * Planning and construction of inter-city cross-border infrastructure. According to the strategic goal of building Shenzhen and Hong Kong into an international metropolis, combined with the overall planning and construction project arrangement of Shenzhen and Hong Kong, while integrating intercity resources and connecting intercity functions, * * * plans to invest in the construction of intercity cross-border facilities focusing on intercity transportation, water and electricity supply, environmental protection and ecological management.

3. Planning and construction of Shenzhen-Hong Kong cross-border business district. According to the strategic goal and cooperation direction of Shenzhen-Hong Kong international metropolis, based on the existing central business districts in Hong Kong and Shenzhen, a number of comprehensive or professional Shenzhen-Hong Kong cross-border business districts will be planned and built in the border areas of Shenzhen and Hong Kong, and the border advantages of both sides will be comprehensively utilized to form a strong international and domestic attraction, and a marketing network and a production service network connecting domestic and foreign countries will be established.

4. Improve the inter-city cross-border service system. Develop intercity cross-border services for residents of the two places, provide an efficient and high-quality living environment for the citizens of the two places, form a service function conducive to cross-border activities of people, and accelerate the construction of cross-border intercity service system in Shenzhen and Hong Kong.

(2) Focus on the spatial allocation of Shenzhen-Hong Kong industrial chain, expand cooperation areas and deepen cooperation levels.

1. Establish an industrial cooperation path to allocate Shenzhen-Hong Kong regional industrial chain according to comparative advantages and cultivate world-class industrial clusters. Relax and expand the flow of factors between the two places, develop economic activities with capital flow, goods flow, technology transfer and industrial cooperation as the main contents, promote the development of cooperation between the two places from general manufacturing to high-tech industries and innovative industries, from goods trade to service trade, from manufacturing to service industry, accelerate the cultivation of industrial chains that play an important role in the world, and form world-class industrial clusters with obvious competitive advantages.

2. Accelerate the cultivation of an "industrial headquarters" based in Shenzhen and Hong Kong and integrated into the international industrial chain. Accelerate the cultivation of Shenzhen-Hong Kong international industrial chain and enhance the internationalization level of industrial allocation in the two places. * * * Establish an operation center of multinational companies based in Shenzhen and Hong Kong, jointly build Shenzhen and Hong Kong into a financial capital, a tourism and exhibition capital, and vigorously cultivate a modern urban service industry.

3. Accelerate the construction of Shenzhen-Hong Kong innovation circle. Integrate scientific and technological resources, clarify the regional innovation orientation, and enhance the regional innovation strength of Shenzhen and Hong Kong. Actively explore various forms and paths of scientific and technological cooperation between Shenzhen and Hong Kong. Give full play to the role of the government in the scientific and technological cooperation between the two places and establish a government mechanism for scientific and technological cooperation between Shenzhen and Hong Kong. Strengthen the cooperation between universities and R&D institutions in Shenzhen and Hong Kong, and enhance the source strength of innovation and technology in Shenzhen and Hong Kong.

4. Promote Shenzhen-Hong Kong logistics cooperation. Coordinate the logistics development planning of Shenzhen and Hong Kong, and establish the logistics development orientation of the two places. Cooperate to build major cross-border logistics infrastructure and open up new areas of Shenzhen-Hong Kong logistics cooperation.

(3) Innovating the cooperation mechanism and perfecting the institutional arrangement with the guidance of * * * and market/economic alliance.

1. Learn from the model of * * * common market/economic alliance, and build a cooperation mechanism between Shenzhen and Hong Kong. Referring to the * * * common market/economic alliance model, and following the principles of * * * sharing resources, * * creating benefits and * * taking risks, we will strive to expand from intra-city policies to inter-city public policies, and * * * explore and create new cooperative operation mechanisms. In the near future, we should focus on promoting inter-city dialogue and coordination mechanism, public service standards and cross-border inter-city management coordination.

2. Establish Shenzhen-Hong Kong urban planning mechanism. * * * The Shenzhen-Hong Kong Urban Planning Commission was established through negotiation. Under the principle of "one country, two systems", in accordance with the overall goal and direction of Shenzhen-Hong Kong cooperation, on the basis of ensuring the respective interests of Shenzhen-Hong Kong cities and following the principle of maximizing regional interests, we will conduct research and consultation on major issues related to the development direction, functional orientation, master plan and inter-city planning of Shenzhen-Hong Kong international metropolis, form a planning plan, and submit it to the legislative bodies of both sides for approval, which will be jointly organized and implemented by the governments of Shenzhen and Hong Kong.

3. Establish service standards in Shenzhen and Hong Kong. Formulate regional inter-city bilateral service standards applicable to Shenzhen and Hong Kong, promote the expansion of urban internal policies to regional inter-city public policies, and create a high-quality living environment and efficient business space with the urbanization characteristics of Shenzhen and Hong Kong. In the near future, it can be promoted from two aspects: urban management standards and urban service standards.

4. Build a coordination mechanism for inter-city public * * * transactions. Drawing on the successful experience of Shenzhen and Hong Kong in tourism and other industrial cooperation mechanisms, and within the cooperation framework established by CEPA and "1+8" agreement, we will explore the establishment of inter-city public affairs cooperation mechanisms focusing on inter-city coordination, interest compensation and dispute resolution.

5. Establish a legal guarantee mechanism. Under the principle of "one country, two systems", the legal systems of Shenzhen and Hong Kong should be established to support and guarantee each other, and judicial cooperation between the two sides should be strengthened.

6. Innovate the customs clearance mechanism at ports. With reference to the "one place and two customs clearance" mode to be implemented after the official opening of the Shenzhen-Hong Kong Western Corridor, the customs clearance procedures will be further simplified, the customs clearance efficiency will be improved, and the customs clearance management mechanism of Shenzhen-Hong Kong Port will be innovated.