How to prevent being fooled when decorating?

As we all know, decoration is a big project with long construction period and complicated technology. Next, I will talk about the decoration from three aspects, hoping to help you.

First, how to choose a good decoration company or construction team

Friends and colleagues around me often ask, what about this decoration company? What about the construction team? In fact, there is no 100% perfect contractor. Just do what you can according to your own budget when choosing a contractor.

There are many kinds of decoration companies, some of which are formal, with designers, budgets, customer service, managers and their own construction teams. Construction management, technology and materials are guaranteed, of course, the fees are relatively high; There is also a relatively small decoration company or studio. Although it also has a business license, it may actually have only one designer and one project manager. After they received the order, they went to the market to find the construction team. These construction teams may work in this house today and go to another house tomorrow ... This kind of decoration company without a fixed decoration team is not very reliable. Everyone needs to pay attention.

Then everyone should pay attention to the following aspects when choosing:

First, look at the contract to see if it is a formal contract;

Second, whether the budget is written in detail, such as the specifications, requirements and standards of construction technology, and what the acceptance is like, there must be written explanations, as well as timely inspection of relevant construction materials, their brands and specifications.

Several items that need to be inspected when selecting the contractor:

1 First, inspect the hydropower construction site to see whether it is neat and standardized. This need not be professional, but the overall impression can reflect their construction management ability;

2. Looking at the bricklaying site, bricklaying can best reflect the skill and level of workers;

There is also a construction team that many people will encounter. Do you want to find an acquaintance to introduce the decoration? My suggestion is to try not to find a construction team recommended by acquaintances. Generally, you may encounter the situation of being cheated, unless you are a very familiar person, and your life is closely intertwined, so that you can trust. If you must find it, you must follow the formal process and have a formal contract and budget. Never verbally agree, so as to ensure that there are no problems and disputes in the decoration. If it is only a verbal agreement, it will be more troublesome if something goes wrong.

2. What kinds of pits often exist in decoration quotation and decoration budget?

1, split quotation

Generally, it will happen in all areas. For example, when the whole house is tiled, the cost of cement sand in each area is not too high, but all of them add up to high. For example, the installation cost of switch socket lamp, one lamp in the living room, dining room and corridor, switch socket 200, master bedroom 200, second bedroom 200, guest room 200, kitchen 100, master bathroom 100, and secondary bathroom 200.

So when you look at the quotation, you must pay attention to these small things that will be in every room. It is best to add them separately. Is the material used for this or is it particularly high and reasonable? If you are not sure, ask your friends or neighbors who have installed it.

2. The construction technology is vague and the material description is unclear.

In some contracts, the decoration company is vague about the materials. In the actual decoration, it is possible to use fake and inferior materials to make inferior products, quote low prices and quote high prices, earn the difference and make huge profits.

When the owner found the investigation, the decoration company took out the original contract, saying that the owner did not indicate the material brand. If the owner requires the use of high-quality and more environmentally friendly decoration materials, the decoration company will ask for a price increase.

Then the owner must pay attention to the quotation provided by the decoration company, and clearly indicate the size, materials (including brand and model), unit price and process standard of the construction site in each area, and whether the explanation is clear.

3. Omitted and inaccurate areas

Why did you miss the report? Because the overall look will be lower. However, the project you missed must be done, and it was not added in the early stage. After adding items in the later period, the price is not low at all. Missing items deliberately missed items and underreported items, making the budget look very low. In the actual construction, this item was not included in the budget, so we asked for a new quotation and then quoted all over the sky.

The area of decoration is also closely related to the final price and budget. Ordinary owners don't measure their own area, and the renovated area is different from the actual area of our house. Therefore, this aspect is also the most common problem in decoration. For example, increase the length and width of the wall and deliberately not reduce the area of doors and windows; Therefore, after the completion of each stage, it is necessary to check the quantities in time, especially the concealed works, so as to avoid being unable to check later.

4. Designers add construction projects, which is not common, but we should also pay attention to it.

Designers are not directly related to construction, but the final design effect of designers is the theme direction of decoration. Many designers increase construction projects without authorization in order to get higher commission, regardless of the actual needs of the owners. For example, cutting off places that don't need to be cut off and hanging ceilings where they don't need to be hung, which greatly increases the decoration cost.

5. Increase the construction cost with nominal specifications.

The competition in the industry is fierce, and some decoration companies constantly refresh their new technologies in order to reflect their more standardized companies. For example, the national standard of circuit specification stipulates that the line passing through a single conduit shall not exceed 40% of the diameter of the conduit, but many decoration companies will say that a single conduit is good. In fact, the line may be settled according to the length of the conduit to increase the cost and profit from it.

Third, the construction technical standards

After finding a good decoration company, start construction. Material acceptance, construction technology and acceptance criteria are also very important. It's easy to get cheated if you don't know.

This has happened in reality. The construction party promised to backfill with ceramsite, but actually it used construction waste. Think about it, it costs almost more than 200 yuan to backfill ceramsite, and the construction waste is free, and the garbage does not need to be shipped out, which greatly reduces the cost for the construction party. So everyone should pay attention to the part of material acceptance. The materials will be accepted on site, and even if you can't go to the site, the construction party will send you photos.

There are too many decoration companies in the whole market, with high and low standards. Here is the standard of painting and installation. Our standard is higher than the national standard, but it is not the highest in the market.

Because there are too many construction details in the whole decoration process, I will only say some key points.

The hard installation part is divided into five stages: tearing down the wall to build the wall, water and electricity, tiling, carpentry and painting;

First of all, both the builder and the owner must ask the workers to pay attention to construction safety when tearing down the wall. Second, it is best to avoid not dismantling the load-bearing wall in the early stage of design. The state has clear regulations that it cannot be dismantled. If removed, there may be hidden dangers. If the property is known, it will also require suspension of work and will not refund the decoration deposit.

1, new wall technology and acceptance criteria

If the new wall is built in dry and wet areas, such as bathrooms and bedrooms, it is suggested to use concrete to fall to the 20cm high ground beam first, which can play a certain waterproof role; I haven't finished the details of the new wall yet, and I'm afraid it will crack.

The causes of cracking are as follows:

It is better to use concrete lintels to bear the load, but some decoration companies may use large core plates as fake beams, which are easy to crack later.

If the new wall is laid flat on the ceiling, there will be cracks between the brick and the ceiling. It is suggested that the top should be laid obliquely with red brick.

It is best to plant steel bars at the joint of the new and old walls, and hang steel wire mesh before the construction of the later powder wall.

At the same time, check the flatness and verticality of the wall and whether the cement mortar is full.

After the new wall is finished, it needs to be watered for 3-5 days to avoid burning.

2. Hydropower technology

Hydropower is a very important concealed project. If it is not done well, it is difficult to deal with rework in the later stage. What details should be paid attention to in hydropower?

When water and electricity are disclosed, all switch sockets and water supply and drainage points must be clear to meet the needs of life; The diameters of all return routes match the power consumption; It is suggested that the refrigerator has a single loop; High-power appliances also need separate power supply to avoid late tripping; There can be no wiring in the middle of the wire, such as kitchen, bathroom and balcony with water, and the ground can't take conduit; It is safer to run the strong and weak electricity separately with a certain interval. All sockets must be grounded.

There are some details: all switch sockets should be on the same horizontal line, which will not affect the visual effect in the later period, the groove depth and width of conduit and water pipe, etc.

At the water's edge, some owners may not know whether to take the top or the ground:

Let's start with the water pipe to the ground.

Advantages: the construction process is relatively simple; Save materials and money.

Disadvantages: after-sales maintenance is troublesome, and it is necessary to knock on the floor tile or floor, and the maintenance cost is high, which affects normal life;

Advantages of water pipe jacking construction:

It can avoid the intersection of ground pipelines, increase the thickness of bricklaying and reduce the floor area of the house;

The direction of the water pipe can be clearly defined in the later installation, which is not easy to be damaged;

Convenient for later maintenance and low maintenance cost;

Disadvantages:

The requirements of construction technology are high, and many materials are used, which increases the cost.

The most important thing in waterway acceptance is suppression. First, see if there is a pressure drop. If there is pressure drop, it is necessary to check, generally check the interface position. If there is no pressure drop, it is acceptable.

The national standard for pressing time is half an hour, the normal water pressure is 3-4 kg, and the national standard requires 6 kg, but the general decoration company will hit 8- 10 kg. In fact, it doesn't take too long to suppress, which is not good for water pipes.

On the other hand, if the pressure drops to 8- 10 kg, there may be a little pressure drop, as long as it is not too much. The reason may be that there is some air in the water pipe, which leads to a little pressure drop, which is irrelevant.

It should be noted that all drainage pipes should be equipped with traps, and sewage pipes generally do not have traps. Because the height of the toilet sink is 350, it is generally enough to buy a squat toilet with a trap.

Another thing to note about water pipes is that as long as they are hot water pipes and exposed outside, they must be wrapped with thermal insulation cotton, and there can be no nudity. This is mainly to prevent condensation water from appearing in winter, causing dripping and affecting smallpox.

The national standard for the distance between hot and cold water pipes is 15cm, especially the position of the hot and cold water mixing faucet. If the error is too large, the faucet cannot be installed.

3. Masons stick bricks

After the owner bought the tiles, before paving the tiles, the tiles need to be laid out and then submitted to the foreman to determine whether the paving scheme is reasonable and the size is correct, so as to avoid rework in the later period.

If there is an insulation wall in the kitchen and bathroom, it should be removed and leveled with cement mortar, and then paved, because the structural strength of the insulation wall is not particularly good. If you stick bricks directly, they will fall off later.

Bricks attached to exterior wall paint also need to be removed or brushed; Otherwise, empty drums may fall off in the later stage.

When laying tiles on the ground, dry the mortar directly (wet the ground first to prevent delamination and hollowing), and then scrape cement on the back of the tiles.

There are two kinds of wall bricks: the first is clay bricks (bricks that need to be soaked in water), which have certain water absorption and can be directly paved with cement mortar; The second is the tiles on the wall. Because the water absorption of ceramic tile is very low, if it is paved with cement, it may be empty drum and fall off in the later stage, so it is necessary to use ceramic tile glue or back glue to pave it. Porcelain tile glue is a paste material developed for this kind of ceramic tile, which is firm and avoids the phenomenon of empty drum and falling off of ceramic tile.

If you use tile glue, be careful not to add cement, otherwise it will reduce the viscosity of tile glue.

In addition, the thinner the tile adhesive, the better. The thinner the tile adhesive is, the stronger the viscosity is and the higher the flatness of the wall surface is.

Threshold stone: generally, threshold stone is needed at the door when the paving materials in the wet and dry areas and the two areas are different; For example, the room is paved with wooden floors and the corridor is tiled. In this case, when measuring the windowsill, the width can be narrowed by 1.5cm, and when the wooden floor is laid in the later room, there are closed strips connecting the windowsill. In this case, the closing bar is just hidden under the door page and looks more beautiful.

Tile joint: Many customers like different styles and feelings, and require seamless tile laying. However, due to thermal expansion and cold contraction, if the tile does not leave a joint, it may bulge due to expansion, so the joint of the tile should be at least 0.5 mm

Acceptance standard of ceramic tile

Check the flatness error with a measuring ruler of two meters, and the flatness should be within 3 mm;

B. Empty drum: the empty drum of a single brick is less than 10%, and the empty drum rate of an area is less than 3%.

C joints shall be uniform and connected on all sides. There is no way to avoid the errors caused by the tiles themselves. If the error is too big, you can ask the tiles to be re-matched.

D. The verticality error should be controlled within 3mm, and the internal angle of the wall brick bathroom cabinet and washbasin should be 90, otherwise there will be a big crack in the later installation, which is not convenient for the later closing.

E. Use a special hole opener to open the nozzle, which is beautiful and avoids the stretching of ceramic tiles caused by the opening of the cutting machine. F floor drain, squatting pan reasonable slope, leaving no water.

4, woodworking engineering

Making cabinets on the spot mainly pays attention to details. In addition, we need to pay more attention to the problem of size. Many ceilings have been reworked because of the size problem. The most important thing is the overall firmness and stability. Because there are many technical terms and specific dimensions of ceiling design, I won't elaborate on them, but simply talk about the acceptance and precautions of ceiling.

Acceptance of woodworking ceiling and dragon skeleton:

Lightweight steel keel ceiling suspender spacing is ≤600mm, main keel spacing is ≤800mm, head-to-tail spacing is ≤600mm, suspender spacing at both ends of main keel is ≤200mm, and fixed plate auxiliary keel spacing is 300 mm. The wall keel is fixed and fully tightened with 6mm*80mm national standard expansion screws every 600mm, and the head-to-tail part must be reinforced with expansion screws150 mm. ..

The bottom surface of the dragon skeleton shall be inspected with 2m inspection ruler, and the flatness error shall be less than 3mm, and the maximum error of the connecting line exceeding 5m shall not exceed 5mm.

Gypsum board seal:

Sealing plate should first seal the side plate and then seal the bottom plate, and the bottom plate supports the side plate, leaving a seam for the side.

The joint of gypsum board adopts "V" joint, the distance between two boards is 3mm, the corner is a 7-shaped corner, and the length of the corner is not less than 200 mm.

As far as possible, the sealing plate should not be spliced with small plates, and the joints should be staggered to avoid cracking at the joints.

The air outlet and air return port of the air conditioner are made of large core plates, which are more firm and convenient for installing louvers in the later stage.

5, paint engineering

Finally, talk about the construction of putty and latex paint. First of all, it is necessary to make sure that the putty material paint is the designated brand determined by the contract.

Before scraping putty, the self-tapping screws for fixing plasterboard must be rusted to avoid rusting and yellowing in the later period.

Stick fiber mesh at the gap and kraft paper at the joint of gypsum board to prevent cracking.

All Yin and Yang corners should be reinforced and straightened with corner lines.

Putty batch scraping ***3 times, once leveling putty, twice indoor putty; Every time the putty needs to be thoroughly dried, the next batch of putty can be scraped. After the putty is polished, there is no obvious sandpaper printing, and the flatness error is within 3mm, and it is smooth; Pay attention to the flatness error of the baseboard position, within 2mm, to avoid the untidy installation of the baseboard in the later period.

Acceptance of latex paint: the paint film is full and smooth, with no obvious sand marks, air holes and seam marks, pure color, no blisters and tender and smooth hand feel. Observed from a distance of 2-3m, it is the required color, and the background color will not return.

In the process of making putty and wall paint, we must not rush for success, and we must thoroughly dry it before proceeding to the next stage of construction. Many wall problems are caused in this way.