What black technologies are there in flood control?

At present, the north and south of China have entered the main flood season in an all-round way, with frequent heavy rainfall, and flood control has reached a critical stage.

In flood control, innovative technology has become a sharp weapon. From meteorological and hydrological forecasting to flood control monitoring and early warning; From scientific and technological equipment to cutting-edge technologies such as big data and artificial intelligence, the application of various "black technologies" makes flood control and fighting smarter.

Be vigilant, keep a clear head and hold the first level of flood control.

In June this year, South China ushered in the first round of heavy precipitation since the flood season. Just a week before the arrival of heavy precipitation, this area has been "locked" in advance by forecasters of the National Meteorological Center. While paying close attention to the development of the weather situation, the National Meteorological Administration has reminded relevant areas to prepare for flood control.

Meteorological service is the first line of defense for disaster prevention and mitigation. In recent years, China's meteorological forecasting technology has been continuously upgraded, and the forecasting accuracy has also been greatly improved. In 20 19, the accuracy of rainstorm warning in China increased to 88%, and the warning time of strong convection reached 38 minutes, and the level of typhoon track prediction remained the international leader.

In May this year, the national science and technology support project "Research on Key Technologies of Medium-range Weather Forecast" passed the acceptance test, and related technologies have been applied in this flood control process. It is understood that a number of forecast products developed by the project can help forecasters accurately outline the characteristics of several large-scale key circulation systems such as subtropical high, South Asian high and monsoon in the medium and long-term forecast time, so as to accurately lock the position of rain belt and determine the rainfall intensity.

Water regime monitoring and forecasting is the "staff" and "eyes and ears" of flood control. In July, the main rain area in eastern China gradually "carried north" to North China and Northeast China. Floods in North China and Northeast China are difficult to predict. Some small and medium-sized rivers in mountainous areas have short precipitation confluence time and fast flood formation time. It is difficult to monitor, predict and warn. The threat of sudden rainstorm and flood should not be underestimated, and scientific and technological support is particularly important.

In this regard, Liu Zhiyu, deputy director of the Hydrology and Water Resources Monitoring and Forecasting Center of the Ministry of Water Resources, said that through scientific and technological means, China has improved the forecasting accuracy, extended the forecasting accuracy, shortened the forecasting time and continuously enhanced its ability to forecast floods.

"Due to the application of new technical means, we upgraded and improved our business systems, including flood business forecasting platform and mobile consultation platform, to improve the efficiency of flood forecasting. Today, it takes only120,000 minutes for the Ministry of Water Resources to collect the rain information of flood reporting stations nationwide, and it takes only tens of minutes to forecast a flood operation. " Liu Zhiyu said that in recent years, big data, artificial intelligence and other technologies have been effectively applied in early warning and forecasting of small and medium-sized rivers, which has significantly improved China's flood forecasting ability.

Smart brain city no longer "looks at the sea"

From July of 1 year, the Yellow River officially entered the flood season. The promotion of the "Smart Yellow River" project provides a strong support for the flood control of the Yellow River-using satellite remote sensing to track and monitor river regime changes; Using drones to monitor river regime and transmit real-time video in the first time to provide information support for flood control ... Today, 346 large and medium-sized reservoirs in the Yellow River Basin have realized online monitoring and transmitted more than 1000 video signals in real time, which provides convenience for scientific decision-making in flood control and emergency rescue.

5G, drones, internet of things, virtual reality ... in this year's flood control and flood fighting, many cutting-edge technologies have shown their talents. A series of equipment such as patrol drones and underwater visitors work together in the air, water and underwater to help prevent floods and floods.

In Anqing, Anhui Province, local telecom operators used "5G+VR" technology to innovate the real-time water level observation function. The low-latency 5G signal can transmit the content shot by the 360 panoramic camera to the monitoring personnel in a timely and high-definition manner. The staff can observe the scale of the water level gauge only through VR glasses and other technical means, and grasp the scene situation and rescue progress in real time, which greatly improves the efficiency of inspection in flood season.

A rainstorm often makes many cities fall into the dilemma of "watching the sea". With the help of Internet of Things technology, urban drainage and flood control have a "smart brain".

In Fuzhou City, Fujian Province, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province and other places, urban areas prone to water accumulation are marked on visual maps. When it rains heavily, the staff only need to stand in front of the big screen, and they can see the situation of various water-prone points in real time. Baiyun District of Guiyang City has also installed street lamp sensors on more than 1000 street lamps within its jurisdiction, and conducted remote control and hidden danger investigation through the system platform.

Shanghai has launched the "Flood Control and Typhoon Prevention Command System Version 2.0" since the flood season, which integrates flood control and typhoon prevention into "unified management of one network". Through a unified online platform, a more scientific and efficient flood control system can be built, which can automatically monitor water accumulation dynamics, share information in real time, intelligently dispatch and command, and respond in a multi-department coordinated manner.

There are sharp weapons in the sky to fight floods and rescue.

In the past few days, flood control drills have been held in many places across the country. Among them, drones have become the "standard" for flood control and disaster relief.

In the process of flood fighting and emergency rescue, drones have inherent advantages. It has fast response speed, wide reconnaissance range and is not limited by terrain, and can send high-definition pictures and videos of disaster sites back to the command center. If someone is trapped, the drone can also use the equipment it carries to carry out search, location and rescue work. If equipped with night vision function, the drone can realize all-weather rescue and accurately deliver materials to trapped people.

Robots, which play an important role during the anti-epidemic period, are also of great use in the front line of flood fighting. Recently, water rescue robots have appeared in many places. The rescue robot looks like a boat, which can be controlled by a tablet computer or a controller and can rescue 3 to 4 people at a time. When the rescuer is in a turbulent river and far away from the shore, the rescuer can operate the robot to move at full speed in the direction of the drowning person, and the drowning person can get help by grasping the robot tightly.

At present, equipment such as drones and rescue robots have been "installed" in rescue teams around the country. Xiong Wei, an engineer from the Special Disaster Rescue Division of the Fire and Rescue Bureau of the Emergency Management Department, said that all local fire departments have set up professional teams for flood fighting and rescue, including the provincial rescue team 3 1. All provincial detachment rescue teams are equipped with high-tech equipment such as drones, water rescue robots and underwater sonar. Rescuers in key positions all passed the training and assessment of professional institutions and obtained certificates.