Who built Qinghui Garden?

1570, Huang was born in a scholarly family in Youtan, Gansu and Xingtan, Shunde.

According to legend, in 1607, when Huang took the entrance examination, Emperor Wanli went out to make the first couplet, "Sweeping tea leaves, floating crab eyes on Baoding cigarettes." Huang, who has always been diligent and alert, said: "If you drink alcohol on pine, you will move your dragon in the golden cup." . Therefore, "Yan Long Da Yue" focuses on the champion.

In this way, the first champion was born in Shunde, Guangdong, which was an earth-shattering event at that time. Not only local officials went to Youtan, Xingtan and Shunde in Gansu to congratulate Huang, a 3 1 year-old champion, but also the neighbors of Shiliba Village rushed to pay their respects, and some even took their children, hoping to touch the happiness of the champion.

162 1 year, during his resignation, Huang respected the wishes of his father, Guangzong Yaozu, and built Huangjia Temple, Tianzhang Pavilion and Linjia Pavilion at the foot of Fengshan outside the south gate of Shunde, which was later Qinghui Road in the southern suburb of Daliang, for his father to settle down. At that time, there were gardens around these temples and pavilions, which was the predecessor of Qinghui Garden.

1630, Huang, who was already an official of the Ministry of Rites, resigned and went home to serve his sick father. 1636, Emperor Chongzhen called Huang to re-enter the DPRK as the minister of rites. Later, he served as the Prince of Taibao, served as Zaifu in the cabinet, led the Prince of Shaofu, and served as a university student in the Wen Yuan Pavilion, participating in the maintenance.

Huang has been an official for 30 years, and his political achievements are not obvious, and he has been repeatedly criticized. On the contrary, he gained a reputation of "integrity" because of his profound knowledge, hard work and impartiality.

According to legend, when the Ming Dynasty perished, Huang burned all his usual memorials and works, and built a tall building in the garden of his house to show his loyalty to the Ming Dynasty. A few years later, he died in the pavilion at the age of 85.

Time flies. By the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, the Huang family had declined. At that time, another scholar in Shunde, Long, 175 1 year, a branch of the local Long family, bought the deserted Tianzhangge and Linga Pavilion from the descendants of the champion Lang. Huang only left Huang's ancestors in the front seat of Huanglanpu Temple.

After the hospital returned to Longjia, Long Shi Ying changed hands on the purchased properties such as Huangjia Temple.

His sons Long Tinghuai and Long Tingzi. Later, Long Tinghuai was separated from Long Tingzi, and the middle part of the yard belonged to Long Tinghuai, and the left and right sides belonged to Long Tingzi.

Long Tingzi acquired the left and right courtyards, which became their own style and transformed into bedrooms-based gardens, which were called "Longtaichang Garden" and "Chuxiang Garden" respectively.

Later, the inheritor of Longtai Changyuan went down in the world and sold it to Zeng Qiuqiao, a local silk merchant who operated silkworm eggs business. His son, Zeng Dong, later ran the silkworm egg business here and put up the sign of "Yuanda", so it was also called "Yuanda Garden".

Long Tinghuai, the eldest son of Long, was admitted to the Imperial Examination on 1788. He used to be the editor of Zuo Chun Fangguan Hanlin, praising goodness and supervising the imperial history. Long Tinghuai got the central part of Huang's hometown. After inadvertently returning to the officialdom, he expanded the inherited part after returning to his hometown at 1800, serving his elderly mother and studying all day.

1806, after the completion of the courtyard expansion, Long Tinghuai asked Li Zhaoluo, a fellow scholar and calligrapher in Jiangsu Province, to write the name of the garden, which means "how much love there is for an inch of grass, and enjoy three spring scenery" to show that the purpose of building the garden is to repay the kindness of parents, just like the sunshine. This is also the origin of the name of Qinghui Garden.

Later, under the example of his father, Long Renyuan, the son of Long Tinghuai, was admitted to Jinshi at a young age. As a result, the Long family of scholarly family has not only become a famous family in Daliang, Shunde for more than a hundred years, but also "one scholar and three scholars" has become a much-told story here for a hundred years.

In order to build Qinghui Garden, Long, the owner of Qinghui Garden, the last generation of the Long family, led designers and craftsmen to Suzhou Garden to learn the essence of gardening in the south of the Yangtze River. The flower pavilion in the garden was once blown down by strong wind, and was rebuilt by Longyu 1888. By the end of the Qing Dynasty, Qinghui Garden had formed a complete Lingnan garden landscape under the careful construction of several generations in Longjia.

In the Qing Dynasty, Qinghui Garden was a picturesque and dreamlike charming resort, which combined Ming and Qing culture, Lingnan classical garden architecture, Jiangnan garden art and the characteristics of the Pearl River Delta water town.

Together with Foshan Liangyuan, Panyu Yuyin Mountain House and Guangdong Dongguan Keyuan, it is known as the four famous gardens in Guangdong and the four famous gardens in Lingnan. They are representative works of Lingnan gardens.

Qinghui Garden has exquisite architecture and compact layout. The architectural art is quite spectacular, the architectural form is light and smart, elegant and simple, the garden space is clearly defined and the structure is clear. The whole garden is famous for showing the elegant and simple style of Lingnan Garden. There is a garden in the garden and a scene outside, which has the characteristics of Lingnan architecture and Jiangnan garden.

There are a large number of decorative and ornamental ceramics, gray carvings, wood carvings, glass and so on in Qinghui Garden. Strange couplets can be found in the garden, the charm of celebrities still exists, and fine works of art abound, which makes people linger. The handling of garden art is quite ingenious. Rocky rockeries, winding water and winding cloisters in the park are full of interesting scenery.

The gardening feature of Qinghui Garden lies in the practicality of the garden first. In order to adapt to the hot climate in the south, a unique layout of sparse front and dense back, low front and high back has been formed. However, it is sparse but not empty, dense but not stuffed, and the architectural shape is light and smart, open and transparent. The combination of garden space is to highlight the large space of the courtyard through various small spaces, and the focus of gardening is on the composition of the courtyard.

Secondly, Tsinghua, Shui Mu, in the Qinghui Garden, is deep and ethereal, with elegant and beautiful scenery. Longjia's former residence is integrated with the expansion of the new landscape. With the interaction and integration of clear water, green trees, auspicious walls, leaky windows, Loki, small bridges and curved corridors, the shape is unique, flowers and fruits are everywhere, and exquisite works of art are immediately picked up, integrating ancient China architecture, gardens, sculptures, poems and paintings.

In terms of flowers and trees, there are 100 kinds of flowers and fruit trees in the park. In addition to the fruit trees commonly used in Lingnan gardens, Phyllostachys pubescens, Ilex pubescens, Wisteria, Pinus quinquefasciatus, Pinus yunnanensis, Seven Melon Maple, Feather Maple, etc. are also planted, and tree species such as Longshun Jujube and Sophora japonica are specially collected from Shandong and other places.

There are rich and colorful varieties, among which ginkgo, willow, wisteria, longan, water cypress and other ancient trees are over 100 years old. All the year round, lush, and antique pavilions set each other off, making people linger.

It is rare for Qinghui Garden to learn a pool, which is called "water control" in Jiangnan gardens. Water control also comes from painting, paying attention to music and initiative, so the waterfront twists and turns, making a stone alum beach head and setting up a port mouth, so that the small water surface has a sense of vastness, which really has the effect of expanding space.

However, the lotus pond in Qinghui Garden can be contrary to common sense. The deep pond is surrounded by towering trees and cloisters. Although South China is hot in summer, it is cool and comfortable, and the temperature of the whole garden can be properly adjusted.

In addition to this function, the water surface is open and unobstructed, which makes Chengyi Pavilion, Bixi Caotang, Hexagon Pavilion, Pool Gallery, Boat Hall, Yin Xi Bookstore, Yanzhen Mansion, Huating and other scenic spots unfold like long scrolls of Chinese paintings. The panoramic space, which complements each other and moves in different directions, harmoniously constructs the lotus pond with the surrounding buildings.

The main attractions of Qinghuiyuan are Yin Xi Bookstore, Yanzhen Building, Chuanting, Hexagonal Pavilion, Bixi Caotang, Chengyi Pavilion, Reading Yun Xuan, Fenglaifeng, Muyingjian, Zhuyuan, Doudong, Bihua Pavilion, Xiaopengying, Shishan, Bajiaochi, Guiji Road, Hongxiang Bookstore and Liufenting.

Modeling and construction have their own shapes, dexterity and elegance. Most of the sculptures and paintings of buildings are based on the flowers and birds of Lingnan Jiamu. Most of the door and window glasses are etched glass products imported from Europe in the Qing Dynasty, which are simple and exquisite and have endless tastes.

Qinghui Garden covers an area of more than 5 acres, and the reason why it can create thousands of kinds of weather in a few acres is dizzying. Gardeners used gardening methods such as seeing the big from the small, such as stone peaks and cliffs, combining reality with reality, such as the height of the lotus pond and the scale of the two courtyards behind the garden, and set up a garden in the garden, which extended the route of the garden.

In the Qinghui Garden, on the veranda of Chengyi Pavilion, Ling Bo in the hexagonal pavilion is in bed, and two water pines stand in the horizontal direction; Chengyi Pavilion is not only opposite the ship hall, but also has a house pavilion with scattered heights and flowers and trees, and a flower pavilion with arched stones and sparse branches and leaves on the east bank.

There is also Yutangchun with flowers as big as a bowl, a ginkgo tree that can be called a living fossil for thousands of years. It is really a good place to entertain guests and enjoy the lotus and find scenery.

Qinghui Garden is also very successful in organizing the sequential relationship between landscapes. Although Chengyi Pavilion, Bixi Caotang, Hexagonal Pavilion, Pool Gallery, Boat Hall, Yin Xi Bookstore, Yanzhen Mansion and Huating are all single buildings, they have realized substantial spatial connection by connecting pool galleries, inserting ancient trees and winding paths. In addition, with the use of the above-mentioned complementary scenery and different scenery, there will be a landscape group connecting the past and the future.

In the ancient buildings in China, corridors are divided into straight corridors, curved corridors, cloisters, handwritten corridors, climbing corridors, overlapping corridors, water corridors and bridge corridors. It not only serves as a communication channel between single buildings, but also plays a role in organizing landscape, separating space and increasing landscape level. For example, a pool corridor of a group of spaces in the hexagonal pavilion of Qinghui Garden, one side of which is completely closed by a wall, is called a single-sided empty corridor.

The reason why Qinghui Garden is beautiful is that it can win more with less, and because of the color of the furnishings, people feel that they have "got the beauty, but they know it well." The real interest of Qinghuiyuan lies in learning from nature, pushing people to the realm of blending things with me between similarity and dissimilarity.

Yuan Qinghui, Foshan, Guangdong