Thoughts on strengthening the risk management of self-service equipment in rural credit cooperatives

With the rapid development and changes, the bank card business of rural credit cooperatives is becoming more and more popular, and the intermediary business is booming. Self-service equipment is favored by customers for its accurate and fast settlement and personalized support. The popularity of self-service equipment not only provides convenience for customers, but also helps banks to relieve the pressure of counter work, broaden the growth point of operating efficiency, and let people in remote areas enjoy the same financial services as urban residents. However, with the complexity of social security, illegal and criminal activities against ATM business have become increasingly rampant in recent years, and the characteristics of high-tech and intelligent crimes are obvious, so the situation of risk prevention and control is not optimistic.

First, the necessity of developing self-service equipment in rural credit cooperatives

In the increasingly fierce financial market competition, vigorously developing self-service equipment plays an important role in the further development of rural credit cooperatives, which is mainly reflected in the following aspects: First, it can make up for the current situation of insufficient number of business outlets and business hours, and rural credit cooperatives can improve their service networks and marketing channels through less investment and faster construction period to achieve large-scale development; Second, the construction speed and investment scale of self-service equipment are more advantageous and flexible than opening business outlets of the same scale, which is conducive to the development of various businesses of rural credit cooperatives, especially retail business; Third, self-service equipment can better meet the cardholder's demand for banking services in terms of speed, time, space and convenience, extend the scope of financial services, and at the same time break through the limitation of business hours to achieve 24-hour all-weather service, which can promote the business management of rural credit cooperatives to better adapt to modern scientific and technological means, thus being in a favorable position in the competition.

In recent years, according to the management idea of "serving citizens, serving community development and serving local economy", rural credit cooperatives have organized personnel to comprehensively improve the construction of regional financial payment environment and laid self-service equipment, which has achieved initial results as an effective means to extend service radius and improve work efficiency. However, with the increasing investment in self-service equipment, ATM itself has the characteristics of unattended and automatic deposit and withdrawal, which leads to the occurrence of ATM crimes in rural credit cooperatives in recent years, and its related risk management has become increasingly prominent, so it is urgent to strengthen the risk prevention of self-service equipment.

Second, the current risk of self-service equipment in rural credit cooperatives

(1) Weak scientific and technological strength. As far as the application level of science and technology talents and employees in rural credit cooperatives is concerned, there is a lack of high-level science and technology managers and a huge team of high-quality application employees, especially high-skilled and sophisticated high-tech talents, which leads to insufficient support from scientific and technological forces for risk prevention. On the one hand, the mechanism of talent selection, training and allocation is not perfect, and the number of scientific and technological workers is insufficient, which does not match the actual situation of rural credit cooperatives with numerous systems and complex scientific and technological workload, and the risks may not be resolved in time. On the other hand, there is a lack of high-skilled and sophisticated talents and rich experience in scientific and technological work. They are not proficient in the structure and working principle of self-service equipment, unable to follow up the development and risk trend of ATM in time, asymmetric information and lagging means to deal with risks, which leads to their inability to manage, use, repair and maintain ATMs and cope with the risks of financial electronization.

(2) Insufficient efforts to serve customers. At present, the customer groups served by rural credit cooperatives are quite special, most of them are community residents in the suburbs, and the customers with low educational level and comprehensive quality account for a relatively high proportion. They don't know much about ATM-related knowledge and skills, and lack the ability to guard against risks and self-prevention. This requires rural credit cooperatives to strengthen ATM services, actively inform customers about the use of ATMs, vigorously publicize and explain the risk identification skills when using ATMs, promptly inform criminals of the ways and characteristics of using ATMs to defraud customers' funds and commit crimes, and inform them of the correct operating procedures when their bank cards are swallowed or unable to withdraw money, so as to enhance customers' active defense ability. However, in these aspects, rural credit cooperatives, as the main business, have not done enough.

(3) The rules and regulations are not perfect and the execution is weakened. Mainly manifested in the lack of comprehensive and systematic rules and regulations. The ATM business of rural credit cooperatives is in the initial stage, and the corresponding supporting rules and regulations and risk prevention system are not perfect, and the update speed can not keep up with the needs of ATM business development and risk prevention. At the same time, due to employees' lack of attention, unclear job responsibilities, accustomed to acting according to self-awareness and experience, weak mutual supervision and restriction, and "out of shape" in the implementation of rules and regulations, management "loopholes" and potential risks are caused.

(4) Criminals have various means of committing crimes. In view of the unattended withdrawal environment of ATM machines, criminals rack their brains and use various technical means to commit crimes. From the initial password voyeurism, it has developed into deliberate destruction by high-tech means, such as setting obstacles at the cash outlet to steal cash, posting false notices or urgent notices to mislead customers to transfer funds to criminals' bank card numbers, installing secret camera probes or keyboards with memory functions on ATM machines, and cheating by holding cards after stealing bank card passwords. There are many types of crimes committed by criminals, and the means are endless, which is hard to prevent.

Third, measures and suggestions to strengthen risk prevention and control of self-service equipment

(1) Improve ideological understanding and set up emergency leading institutions. Firmly establish the idea of paying equal attention to risk prevention and business development, and put ATM risk prevention in the same important position as business development. While strengthening safety awareness, establish a comprehensive risk concept including business risk, management risk, market risk, operation risk and application risk, and set up a leading organization for emergency response and handling of self-service equipment cases.

(two) to strengthen education and training, improve the prevention and control skills. Strengthen employee education and training, improve managers' operational skills and standardize operational behavior. Employees can only become ATM post managers after receiving business technical training and passing the examination. In addition, the emergency response mechanism should be started. In case of sudden cases of self-service equipment, the person in charge must arrive at the scene, analyze the case, take effective measures to protect the safety of customers' funds, and report to the public security department in time. In terms of operation behavior, we should strictly implement the double-person management system, such as cash box switch, loading and unloading, the whole hour, self-service equipment reconciliation and so on, and insist on double-person operation and cross-checking. When handing over keys and passwords, we must adhere to the principle of "parallel handover".

(three) to strengthen the construction of scientific and technological forces to prevent the dynamic case. At present, rural credit cooperatives urgently need to strengthen scientific and technological construction. First, we should put people first, speed up the cultivation and introduction of high-tech talents, build a team of talents who are proficient in electronic banking with technology, ability and innovation, and ensure that all kinds of failures and risks are eliminated quickly, accurately and timely. Second, it is necessary to increase investment in scientific and technological equipment, establish and improve a real-time remote monitoring system and an anti-theft alarm system that fully cover the operation scope of ATM, and implement special personnel monitoring management to ensure that all kinds of risks are discovered and eliminated in time. Third, pay close attention to the social situation and characteristics of using ATM to commit crimes, constantly sum up experience, innovate methods and measures, and enhance risk control capabilities.

(4) Strengthen the inspection and monitoring of ATMs to effectively curb case risks. Establish a regular inspection system for ATMs, strengthen daily supervision, intensify the inspection of ATM operation and surrounding environment, and discover and eliminate all kinds of potential risks in time. In particular, it is necessary to step up inspection and monitoring in the evening and at night when cases are prone to high incidence, and take timely measures when abnormal situations are found, and resolutely prevent the use of ATM to commit crimes. If a criminal is found to be suspected of committing a crime or has committed a crime, he shall immediately report to the public security organ and actively cooperate with it to help solve the case, bring the criminal to justice and promote social harmony and order.

(five) to strengthen the publicity of safe use, and effectively protect the interests of customers. Through TV, newspapers, leaflets, on-site explanations, etc., actively inform customers and the surrounding public about the use of ATM, and explain the risk identification skills when using it, so that customers can widely understand and master the safe operation knowledge of ATM machines and improve their awareness of self-prevention. Tell customers not to throw away the ATM transaction documents after printing, but to properly keep them or dispose of them in time, so as not to leave criminals a chance to commit crimes. Inform criminals in time of the new ways and features of using ATM to defraud customers' funds and commit crimes, and inform them of the correct operating procedures when their bank cards are swallowed or unable to withdraw money, so as to enhance customers' active defense ability. At the same time, we should also actively remind customers to open short message service, and send the short message of the change of customer bank card funds to the customer's mobile phone at the first time, so that cardholders can monitor their abnormal transactions at any time and minimize the loss of funds.

In short, through the internal and external linkage between rural credit cooperatives and customers themselves, all kinds of risks of ATM self-service equipment can be effectively eliminated in the bud, thus ensuring the safety of customers' funds, enhancing the public's confidence in using rural credit cooperatives' ATMs, and promoting the better and faster development of various businesses of rural credit cooperatives.