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In the past two decades, with the continuous strengthening of China's economic strength, single buildings or building groups with various forms and functions have emerged, and their intelligent construction is also booming. At the same time, intelligent buildings have developed healthily and orderly, and various industry standards and norms have emerged.

On June, 2000, 65438+1 October1day, the Design Standard of Intelligent Building (GB/T503 14-2000) was officially promulgated, which indicated that the domestic industry standard of intelligent building was mature. In recent years, in order to adapt to the development and changes of the intelligent industry, the standard has been revised.

On June 5438+February 1 day, 2000, the "Key Points and Technical Guidelines for the Construction of Intelligent System in Residential Quarters" (revised draft) was officially promulgated, which marked the improvement of the construction standard of intelligent residential quarters in China.

At the same time, with the rapid development of informationization, networking and digitalization, the Ministry of Construction is organizing a compilation team to formulate the national standard "Digital Technology Application in Buildings and Residential Areas" in the new era.

2. wireless city's interpretation and extension.

Intelligent buildings can be roughly divided into three categories: intelligent buildings (or intelligent buildings), wireless city (or wireless cities) and public buildings (such as gymnasiums, convention centers, hospitals, schools, theaters, etc. ).

The overall goal of wireless city is to adopt modern information transmission technology, network technology and information integration technology, carry out accurate design, optimize integration and elaborate construction, and improve the high-tech content and living environment level of houses to meet the needs of residents' modern living life. As shown in figure 1, it is the system composition of intelligent community.

Intelligent residential quarters apply technologies such as information communication, computer and automatic control to residential quarters. Through effective information transmission network, optimized configuration and comprehensive application of various systems, they provide residents with advanced functions such as security, information service and property management, and create a safe, comfortable, convenient and efficient living space for residents.

In recent years, due to the gradual expansion of the scale of residential quarters, many buildings (mainly residential quarters) built according to the scale of cities and towns are also under construction. Therefore, wireless city has gradually extended to the scale of digital communities and digital towns.

Digital community is an urban community that uses modern sensing technology, digital information processing technology, digital communication technology, computer technology, multimedia technology and network technology to realize the collection, processing, transmission, display and highly integrated enjoyment of all kinds of information in the community, realize the automatic and intelligent monitoring of all kinds of electromechanical equipment and security equipment in the community and family, and realize the safety, comfort and efficiency of community life and work.

Digital community is the further development of wireless city. Digital community has the main functions of wireless cities and some important digital functions that wireless cities do not have. Wireless city is based on intelligent subsystem structure, while digital community is based on network structure. A highly integrated wireless city based on LAN is close to the level of digital community in function, but the digital community will fully realize the digital collection, processing, transmission and display of information, and realize the integration and sharing of information at a higher level.

It can be seen that digital community is the unit node of digital city, and the construction of digital community is the foundation of digital city construction.

3. Current situation of intelligent community construction

According to the classification of intelligent communities in Key Points and Technical Guidelines for the Construction of Intelligent Systems in Residential Communities (Revised Draft), intelligent communities can be divided into three types: one-star, two-star and three-star according to different factors such as function setting, technical content and economic investment.

Combined with the composition and classification of intelligent system, the system composition block diagram of intelligent community is shown in figure 1.

The intelligent system of residential quarters is based on information transmission channels (broadband access network, field bus, cable TV network, telephone line, etc.). ), through the management of the property management center, connect various intelligent subsystems to provide multi-functional services for residents.

A variety of network topologies (such as tree structure, star structure, bus structure or mixed structure, etc.). ) can be used in residential areas. Fig. 2 is the overall structural block diagram of the intelligent system in residential quarters.

In order to facilitate management and home use, many convenient intelligent system integration applications and services came into being. Such as all-in-one card, home intelligence, information release, etc.

All-in-one-card system is built on the basis of vehicle access control management and provides identity recognition function. Cardholders can open corresponding channels and access doors according to their own card use rights. If residents go home, they can read the card and open the public access door of the unit building or the entrance door of the villa. In terms of property management, one card can realize charge management (such as property management fee, water, electricity and coal fee) and consumer services (such as club consumption and supermarket shopping). In some cities, the card function of special cards issued by the public or professional institutions can be extended to residential areas to provide services. For example, the city bus card can park vehicles in the community and swipe the card to open the door. The credit card issued by the bank can realize shopping, payment and parking in the community.

The smart home system realizes the unified on-off control and adjustment of some power supply circuits, lighting and air conditioning in the home through the smart home control host. The home control host computer collects all information such as indoor temperature, humidity, electrical appliances, lighting, air conditioning, water, electricity, gas and various parameters of home equipment operation, safety detector detection, user instructions, emergency alarm, service requirements, etc. through the communication bus, and transmits it to the property management center for unified management through the community network platform. On the one hand, residents can get all kinds of information released by the property management center in time through the home control host, and pay all kinds of fees in time and conveniently. On the other hand, outside the community, residents can also visit the community information website through the Internet to know the basic situation at home in time, and can contact the property management center through the public network to obtain information or seek help, so as to realize the automatic control of household equipment and household appliances, organically combine the "control" of residents with the management of residential units by community property, and enable families, communities and society to have a high degree of information interaction ability and realize the sharing of information resources.

Information publishing system can set up an electronic information publishing system (such as a large screen display system) in the interior of the community to publish relevant public information and property management information. At the same time, residents can query related public information such as residential property management information online. Information distribution system can be integrated into home intelligence system and other systems. For example, many manufacturers of visitor intercom system set the visitor intercom host of building unit door as15 "LCD touch screen, which is convenient for users to use the visitor intercom system and release public information at the same time. For the indoor intercom extension, a small display screen is also set up to release public information and transmit special information, which is beautiful and convenient.

The construction of other systems in intelligent community is very mature, so I won't go into details here.

4. The development trend of wireless city.

(1) Digitization

With the development of the country to the macro-strategic demand of digital construction, digital community came into being after wireless city.

The proposal and implementation of digital community depends on the development of information technology and the improvement of people's living standards and cultural level. With the popularization of microprocessor and network technology, the basic framework of intelligent building was put forward abroad in 1980s. Taking the digital communication facilities in the building as the core, the security system and resource control system for commercial users are configured, and the computer network and corresponding facilities are gradually increased, so the concept of commercial and residential integration appears. After the 1990s, the popularity of the Internet and the application of e-commerce led to the practical stage of the information society, and formed a large-scale information infrastructure and the implementation of e-government, forming a good external environment conducive to the construction of digital communities. The construction of digital community not only has a solid technical foundation, but also has entered the practical stage of standardized development.

Digital community is the development of wireless city and wireless cities, and it is the advanced stage of the development of wireless city and wireless cities. There are both close ties and differences between them. These connections and differences are mainly manifested in the following aspects:

(1) The digital community has further strengthened the functions of the network, with complete access to local area network, wide area network and Internet. Through a complete network, the automatic and intelligent remote monitoring of electromechanical equipment and household appliances in the community is realized, and the automatic and intelligent monitoring of integrated linkage security system is realized.

(2) The application of modern digital technology in digital community, including modern sensing technology, digital information processing technology, digital communication technology, computer technology, multimedia technology and network technology, has accelerated the speed of information dissemination, improved the performance of information collection, dissemination, processing and display, and enhanced security.

(3) Wireless cities improve the integration of intelligent systems, realize the full enjoyment of information and resources, and improve the degree of system optimization.

Digital community is the basic unit of digital city. The construction of digital community has created conditions for the construction of digital cities and laid a foundation for the application of modern technologies such as e-government, e-commerce and logistics.

(2) Ecology

With the improvement of living standards, residential quarters are developing in the direction of energy saving, environmental protection and ecology. As an essential part of it, intelligent system plays an important role and becomes the core of its wisdom.

In September, 2004, the first truly ecological building demonstration building in China was built in Xinzhuang Industrial Park, Minhang District. As a demonstration project of the municipal science and technology commission's major project "Research on key technologies and system integration of ecological buildings", its present will be a replica of citizens' future life.

Looking around, the skylight with unique eyes can adjust the opening angle at will to scatter sunlight; The intelligent sun visor will automatically change direction to avoid glare; Clever windows use low-emissivity glass to effectively block infrared light; Intimate electronic blinds open and close at will, automatically shading ... all this is attributed to the "intelligent brain" composed of six types of probes. With it, the temperature, humidity, illumination, carbon dioxide concentration and heat flow of the house will be automatically adjusted according to people's real feelings, so as to make the best use of everything and make a smart house with a brain.

(3) Urbanization

Due to the dense population in China, some new towns have been built around many big cities, which has formed new demands for intelligent and digital construction. For example, Anting New Town, located in the south of Anting Town, Jiading District, Shanghai, is the core residential area of Shanghai International Automobile City. It is the first town of "one city and nine towns" in Shanghai. The planned land area of the new city is 4.9 square kilometers, the planned population is 80,000, and the total length is about 6 kilometers. This is also the first attempt to build a new city in the suburbs of Shanghai.

In a word, the development of wireless city will be multi-faceted and multi-level. At the same time, with the development of science and technology, new intelligent applications will be produced to serve the residential community. We expect the future living environment to be more suitable for human habitation, reflecting the pedestrian and characteristic living environment.

References:

1, Lu Weiliang, development trend of intelligent buildings in China and development prospect in the next ten years, intelligent system of cities and buildings, No.2, 2003.

2. Key points and technical guidelines of intelligent system construction in residential quarters of residential industrialization promotion center of the Ministry of Construction (revised draft) 2000- 12- 1

3. Functional Configuration Outline of Shanghai Intelligent Residential Quarters (Revised Edition 2002) issued by Shanghai Municipal Construction Management Committee (September 2002-10)

4, "Digital Community Application Demonstration Research and Construction Guide"