Interpretation of Listening in Classical Chinese

1. Classical Chinese listening means a style, míng.

"Ming" is a kind of writing carved on objects in ancient times (mostly on bronzes, tombstones, stones and other carriers) to warn oneself or call merit, and later it became a style. This style generally rhymes, and the content is mostly short and pithy, especially the inscriptions carved on utensils for warning. Inscriptions often rise from trivial matters in life to philosophical rational understanding of life, which is concise and elegant. Short and pithy but ingenious, the content is simple and profound, the form is lively and easy to recite and remember, which has great enlightenment for us to observe life, think about life and express life, and is worth reading and pondering repeatedly. Inscription is not only the content of ancient philology; But also has very important historical value and great significance to historical research. It recorded the merits and demerits of the monarch at that time, as well as all aspects of society at that time, such as transactions, laws, sacrifices and so on.

Casting, carving or writing words on objects to record one's life, behavior or warn oneself: inscriptions. Inscription, inscription. Epitaph. Motto.

Engraving on utensils is a token of remembrance, and it will never be forgotten: remember. Clear heart and bone inscription. Inscription heart (Yu Yongji).

In ancient China, the characters used for inscriptions gradually formed a style, such as Wen Xin Diao Long with Ming Zhen.

2. How to say the word "listening" in classical Chinese can be replaced by the word "smelling". Smell refers to what you hear, news, and also refers to the famous and prestigious.

"Listening" was described by the ancients in modern Chinese as "what you hear through the door with your ears". So what you hear is expressed by the word "smell" in classical Chinese. For example, Wen Jun is a benevolent person (which means I heard that you practice the policy of benevolence and righteousness). -"Mencius Teng Wengong"

In short, classical Chinese clearly distinguishes between "listening" and "smelling", so listen to the ear, describe the process, and use listening; What you hear goes into your heart and you get the result. Use it. For example, "listen but don't listen", listening is listening, and if you don't listen, you won't get the result of listening, and you won't listen. ?

Extended data

Interpretation of the word "listen" in classical Chinese;

1. Receiving sound with ears: ~ force. ~ write. ~ sleep. Listen. All ears ~.

2. Obey and accept other people's opinions: do as you say.

3. Let go, let go: ~ Let go (rèn). ~ by。 ~ let it go.

4. Governance; Judgment: ~ Litigation (case trial). ~ politics.

5. Quantifiers refer to tinplate (tinplate) sealed in pipes for storing food and drinks. Like Coca-Cola.

6. Nouns, go to the sound, leave "Tang"; Ten halls pass four villas, and the hall means listening.

7. In some dialects, it is equivalent to "smelling" with the nose, such as Tangshan.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Listening-Interpretation

3. How to listen to the reading of classical Chinese translation 1? Read aloud.

Good reading quality lays a foundation for students to understand the language content, characters and the main idea of the article, so reading aloud should be an important link in classical Chinese teaching. Junior high school students have a weak foundation in classical Chinese, so we should not guide them to read aloud impatiently. We should do it step by step. The first step is to let the students ponder the identification silently and mark the difficulties in the identification process. Step two, listen to the recording at least twice to make clear the difficulties; Third, teachers can appropriately slow down the reading speed and emphasize what students may misread. Step four, students read by themselves. Students read the text loudly and carefully, paying attention to the speed and rhythm. The fifth step is to find students to read aloud, and further correct the possible problems in reading aloud through the reading situation of one or several students. Reading aloud is to stand up the lying words with sound. The voice at the exit is loaded with thoughts and feelings, which enhances the sensibility of language. Through repeated reading and contact with the language of the text, students can understand the language rhythm between the lines more deeply and be more directly and strongly infected. Therefore, the history of the syllabus is the history of paying more and more attention to classical Chinese reading.

Second, guide students to translate their feelings.

But classical Chinese is the written language of the ancients. Compared with modern Chinese, classical Chinese has its own personalized lexical characteristics. Vocabulary, disyllabic words, interchangeable words, ancient and modern meanings, flexible use of parts of speech and other classical Chinese words, as well as "Zhi, Hu, Zhe, Ye" are also unique phenomena in classical Chinese. These function words have different meanings and functions due to different language environments. Grammatically, four classical Chinese sentence patterns, such as judgment sentence, inversion sentence, ellipsis sentence and judgment sentence, also have special uses different from modern Chinese. As a Chinese teacher, we should attach importance to students' reading comprehension in classroom teaching design. The content of learning can pay attention to the following issues: the background of the article, the author's ideological tendency, the image characteristics of characters, the translation of sentences, the accumulation of special vocabulary phenomena and grammatical phenomena. The emphasis here is sentence translation. For junior high school students, many articles might as well be translated word by word to understand the process from the linguistic characteristics of ancient Chinese to the linguistic characteristics of modern Chinese, so as to increase perceptual and rational understanding.

Teaching classical Chinese should be like teaching modern Chinese, guiding students to read, think and explain themselves, so that students can really understand and stimulate their interest in reading. In the process of learning classical Chinese, there may be more controversial issues than learning modern Chinese, and there may be completely different views. Teachers should advocate expressing their views and let students express their views freely. Teachers should not stick to some traditional preconceived ideas, but should pay attention to the new theories of contemporary linguistics and literary theory, absorb new scientific achievements at any time and make more scientific explanations. Of course, this interpretation should be strictly limited to the text and its directly related scope.

Classical Chinese teaching is a difficult point in Chinese teaching and an indispensable part of Chinese learning. Just like archaeology, it is the essence and treasure of China traditional culture, which must be passed down. Let our junior high school teachers pass on this cultural treasure with their diligence and wisdom.

4. Can the sense of smell be interpreted as listening in classical Chinese, and can hearing and hearing be interpreted as listening and listening in classical Chinese? There are other definitions, such as the following.

①& lt； ; move >:； Hear; I heard you. Mulan Poetry: "I can't smell the loom, but I can smell the woman's sigh."

②& lt； ; move >:； Heard that; Got it. "The Battle of Dishes": "I heard that my son will step out of our city and dare to follow it."

③& lt； ; move >:； Report; Report. "Biography of Children's Area": "I am willing to hear from the official."

④& lt； ; Name >; See and hear; Knowledge. "Biography of Qu Yuan": "erudite and talented, Meiji rebellion."

⑤& lt； ; Name >; Fame; Fame The Analects of Confucius: "If you are forty or fifty years old and don't learn skills, you will not be afraid of yourself."

⑥& lt； ; move >:； Be famous; Expand it. Model: "Don't ask Wen Da to be a vassal."

5. Explain the night reading in Wang Mian monk temple in classical Chinese.

The original text is from Wang Mian and Zhuji. When he was seven or eight years old, his father ordered him to herd cattle (1), steal (2) the school house and listen to the students' endorsements; After listening, (3) recite it. Going home at dusk, forgetting the cow, my father is angry (4). As good as ever. Mother said, "My son is so stupid, why don't you listen to what he does?" Because the crown is gone, I live by the monk temple. Night diving (6) sitting on the Buddha's lap, holding the strategy (7) and reflecting the ever-burning lamp to read it, Lang Lang Da Dan (8). Buddha statues are all clay figures, and their faces are hideous (9), crowned with children, if Tian (10) doesn't know. (Song Shi Xue's Anthology)

Note (1) Grazing: Grazing livestock. (2) Stealing: sneaking around, sneaking around. (3) do something: always (often), just. (4) Tart: Hit people with whips, sticks, etc. (5) Hey: Why? (6) Stealth: furtive, quietly. (7) implementation: holding a book. (8) Da Dan: In the morning, until dawn. (9) hideous and horrible: ferocious and horrible, (10): Tian: look safe and indifferent.

Wang Mian is from Zhuji County. When he was seven or eight years old, his father told him to herd cattle on the ridge, and he sneaked into the school to listen to the students. After listening, I always remember it silently. When he came home at night, he forgot all the cows he was grazing. Wang Mian's father was furious and gave Wang Mian a good beating. After that, he was still like this. His mother said, "The child is so obsessed with reading, why not let him?" From then on, Wang Mian left home and stayed in a temple. At night, he sneaked out and sat on the Buddha's lap, holding a book in his hand. By the light of the ever-burning lamp in front of the Buddha, the sound of reading was read until dawn. Most of the Buddha statues are clay sculptures, all of which are ferocious and frightening. Child as Wang Mian is, he doesn't seem to see it.

The appreciation of the article tells us that the fundamental reason why Wang Mian became a famous painter and poet in ancient times lies in Wang Mian's fascination in studying and studying tirelessly when he was young. This firm ambition and tenacious learning spirit are the cornerstones of his later success. We can get inspiration from this, and we can get the inspiration of "the young people don't work hard, and the old people are sad". We teenagers should cherish youth, study hard scientific and cultural knowledge, and lay a solid foundation for serving the motherland in the future.

6. Translate, explain and understand China's classical notes Kuang Heng: Western Han Classics Catch Up: Arrive, and.

I can't catch it, which means the candlelight can't shine. Through the wall: make a hole in the wall.

Wear: chisel: same county people. In ancient times, "county" was commonly known as "city".

Most surname: rich family; Big family. Illiteracy: refers to ignorance of the name of the text.

And: here. Hired work: To be hired to work.

Wish: hope. Compensation: Value refers to return (return).

Strange: Right.

It feels strange (this can be translated in the text). Time: exhausted: borrowed.

Reflection: reflection. Sui: So, just.

University: University asks family. In translation.

Conclusion It can be seen from the example of digging a wall to borrow light that external factors (environment and conditions) are not decisive factors. Under extremely difficult conditions, Kuang Heng finally became a member through his own efforts and strong perseverance.

This shows that the internal cause is the basis and the first reason for the development and change of things, and the external cause is only the condition that affects the change of things, and it can only work through the internal cause. No matter how hard the conditions are, they cannot be an obstacle to learning. Insufficient conditions can create conditions. The key to learning lies in willingness to learn and strong will.

Kuang Heng is a naive and studious person. But my family is poor and I want to study at night without candle lighting.

The neighbor's house is always lit by candlelight at night, but it's a pity that this light can't reach his room in Kuang Heng. What shall we do? Kuang Heng dug up the wall next to his neighbor's house to attract the candlelight of his neighbor to study.

Later generations refer to "digging the wall down, stealing light, digging the wall to borrow light, borrowing light" and so on, and sometimes it is extended to ask for advice from others. The idiom of this word comes from this story (the protagonist Kuang Heng is eager to learn).

On the surface, this idiom means reading by the neighbor's candlelight. Now, this idiom is used to describe studying hard under hard conditions.

Profile Kuang Heng (date of birth and death unknown) was born in Donghai City (now Kuantan Village, Wangzhuang Township, Yicheng District, Zaozhuang City, also known as Wang Kuang Village, Cangshan County, Linyi City, Shandong Province). Confucian scholars in the Western Han Dynasty were famous for their poems.

Yuan Di is the Prime Minister. The Kuang family has been farming for generations, but they are very diligent and eager to learn. Because his family is poor, he has to help others get an education.

He was studying the Book of Songs with a doctor. Because of his diligent study, his understanding of this poem is very unique and thorough. Confucian scholars at that time once said that there was no need to say poetry.

Kuang said "The Book of Songs", which means that listening to and explaining "The Book of Songs" can make people frown and feel comfortable, showing a profound understanding of the Book of Songs. But Kuang Heng's career didn't go well at first.

According to the regulations of the Han Dynasty, once a doctoral disciple has mastered one of the Six Classics, he can obtain an official position through the examination. A-level students can be doctors, B-level students are Prince Scheeren, and C-level students can only make up literary anecdotes. Kuang Heng got nine subjects, only a C, and was compiled as a history of literary death in Taiyuan County.

However, Kuang Heng's profound understanding of The Book of Songs was highly valued by the literati at that time, and Yuan Di, as a prince at that time, also had a special liking for The Book of Songs. After Yuan Di acceded to the throne, he appointed Kuang Heng as a doctor and moved to be a doctor.

At this time, there was a solar eclipse, an earthquake and other disasters in the capital Chang 'an. Kuang Heng took the opportunity to write a letter, citing the Book of Songs to explain the truth of upward action and downward action, and advised Yuan Di to "reduce the palace, save gorgeous ornaments, try the system, repair the inside and outside, be loyal and far clever." "Be a gentle person, quit a humble official, show a white man, and show a way of wanting nothing." Biography of Kuang Heng, quoted below), and then promote moral education among the people and carry forward the wind of comity and kindness. Kuang Heng's performance of this book was appreciated by Yuan Di, so Kuang Heng moved to Doctor Guanglu and Prince Shaofu.

In the next few years, Emperor Hanyuan liked Confucianism very much, especially the Book of Songs. He has personally listened to Kuang Heng's poems for many times, and he greatly appreciates Kuang Heng's intelligence. Therefore, Kuang Heng was appointed as an ancient scholar. In the third year of Zhao Jian (36 BC), Prime Minister Wei Xuancheng died of illness, and Kuang Heng acted as Prime Minister, sealing Hou Le 'an, assisting the emperor and the Prime Minister in handling state affairs.

Kuang Heng can be regarded as a typical prime minister because of the Ming Dynasty. During his tenure, Kuang Heng repeatedly expressed his opinions on the policies of the imperial court, expounded the way of governing the country, and often participated in the research and discussion of state affairs. He was quick to answer questions and spoke legally, which won the trust of Yuan Di.

Whenever government ministers discuss government affairs, Kuang Heng always quotes the Book of Songs as the basis, and thinks that "the Six Classics are saints, so they unify the heart of heaven and earth, cherish the return of good and evil, distinguish between good and evil, and understand the meaning of human nature, so that those who do not contradict their nature are also." . Therefore, judging from the six meridians, people's hopes for heaven can be reconciled, and plants and insects can be bred. This is by no means easy. "

Kuang Heng's idea was supported by Emperor Cheng, which was inseparable from the social fashion of advocating Confucianism and emphasizing righteousness from the middle Han Dynasty. It was actually a means used by the rulers of the Han Dynasty to rule the people. In the later period of Yuan Di, eunuch Shi Xian was appointed as the secretariat. He formed a clique for personal interests, controlled state affairs, encouraged Yuan Di to increase taxes and exploited the people, but because of the emperor's luck, no one dared to offend him.

After the emperor ascended the throne, Kuang Heng impeached Shi Xian, listed his previous crimes and corrected his henchmen. This is the last thing that Kuang Heng tried his best to eradicate the yes-men and serve the Han Dynasty. Soon, Kuang Heng and his colleagues gradually drifted apart. He was impeached, demoted to Shu Ren and returned to his hometown, where he died within a few years.

Yuan Di named it Anle Hou, and the fief of Hou was originally 3 1 10,000 mu. Kuang Heng illegally expanded more than 40,000 mu of land sealed by county maps. When he became emperor, a captain jun and others accused him of "stealing soil" (referring to expanding national borders).

Synonym wall painting lamp cutting wall stealing lamp cutting wall borrowing light use case (yuan? George, does Li Taibai match the money? The third fold "):" You wasted the poor nine classics and three histories of a hundred schools of thought contending. If you don't learn from the ancient sages, you will learn to run amok. " Allusions During the Western Han Dynasty, there was a farmer's child named Kuang Heng.

He wanted to study very much when he was a child, but because his family was poor, he couldn't afford to go to school. Later, he learned to read from a relative before he could read.

Kuang Heng can't afford books, so he has to borrow books to read. At that time, books were so valuable that people who had books refused to lend them to others easily.

During the busy farming season, Kuang Heng worked as a short-term worker for wealthy families and asked them to lend him books for free. A few years later, Kuang Heng grew up and became the main worker in the family.