Can the mailbox diary be sent to the world diary?

After a semester of intense study, we had a construction practice at the end of this semester, that is, to go out for a breath of fresh air and relax. Before wearing it, the teacher gave each of us a yellow helmet, which made us feel a lot of security when wearing it. We mainly went to four places: xx new dormitory, xx rebuilt dormitory, xx Huadu and so on. We mainly go down to the site with the builder to participate in the construction, and then he explains it to us, so that we can experience the construction process and components ourselves.

Although the internship is only five days, these five days are definitely more useful than the boring five days in books. Through these days' experience, we really feel the process of building generation, combine our theoretical knowledge with practice, have a more intuitive understanding of the on-site construction and management of building projects, and enhance our perceptual understanding of the basic theories and professional knowledge we have learned.

On the first day, the teacher gave us a brief introduction to the matters needing attention when going to the construction site. Then under his guidance, we came to the student dormitory building under construction in xx and entered the room. What we see are rough walls and floors, empty windows and stairs, which look extremely dangerous. Everything is so rough that it is hard to imagine that it will become a beautiful dormitory building in the near future. The construction process is so wonderful.

What impressed me the most was the construction of xx, not only because of its beautiful name, but also because of the construction technology of large formwork reinforced concrete.

Total construction area: about 43,908.86 square meters.

Building floors: 33 floors (the first and second floors are shopping malls and property management offices, and the third floor is residential buildings, with ***33 floors; The underground part consists of three floors, of which the first and second floors are garages, equipment and auxiliary rooms, and the third floor is a power distribution room and a five-level civil air defense personnel shelter room. )

Building height: 2800 mm

Building structure: the main structure is a simple wall structure, and the staircase is a tube structure.

Wall thickness: 200 mm for most parts and 250 mm for some parts.

We visited and experienced the completed main frame part and the part being poured. Because when we went, the formwork construction of the underground part had been completed, and the six floors above ground were being poured. At that time, it was still in the structural construction period, with iron pipes everywhere, many holes left in the ground and walls, and the stairwell was dark, damp and narrow.

Because xx is a large formwork reinforced concrete construction, but I am very confused about the concept of large formwork and matters needing attention in construction, so I have to come back to look for relevant information:

At present, large formwork construction has become the dominant method for industrialized construction of high-rise and super-high-rise shear wall structures. Due to the technical difficulty of large formwork construction, a slight negligence will lead to major safety accidents. Therefore, before the construction and dismantling of large formwork, the person in charge of on-site construction should make timely and targeted safety technical disclosure to the operators, and make safety technical disclosure to every step and detail in the process of stacking, hoisting, erection, dismantling, transportation and storage of large formwork. Strengthen safety management to ensure construction safety.

According to different structural forms, large formwork can be divided into integral type, assembled type and modular type, and each large formwork is composed of formwork, supporting system and operating platform. Before construction, the template design should be carried out according to the layout drawing of the design drawings, so as to ensure the convenience of template disassembly and support firmness, and at the same time maintain good strength, stiffness, stability and flatness after overall assembly. And the main items that must be checked are: ① the lateral tension during concrete pouring; ② Tensile strength of through-wall bolts; ③ Lateral deformation and overall stability of the elastic modulus of the formwork; (4) The deadweight load of large formwork and the requirements for the strength and rigidity of nodes and supporting points during hoisting and loading.

The storage of large formwork is particularly important, which affects the later construction. All the big templates of Xx are placed in an open space behind the construction building, which is convenient for cleaning up before construction, brushing isolation agent and other preparatory work.

Large formwork installation operators shall carry out construction in strict accordance with formwork design and process requirements. Before the operation, the person in charge of construction should make special safety technical disclosure and safety education. Check whether the slings, fixtures and rings on each template are effective, and assign special personnel to command them. Unified signal and close cooperation. Slow and steady, accurate in place.

Hoist the plus big formwork of a construction flow section to the installation position. After preliminary positioning, use a crowbar to adjust the position of the big formwork according to the wall position line, and symmetrically adjust a pair of anchor bolts of the big formwork to make the ground position deviation meet the specification requirements. Then install the large template with the opposite number, correct the verticality, and lock the positive and negative two large templates with wall bolts. Before the big formwork is fixed, the next working procedure shall not be constructed.

After the installation of large formwork, the person in charge of construction shall make a detailed inspection of the formwork project according to the design requirements. To check out the problems, the construction team should rectify one by one, and report to the construction director for re-inspection to ensure that the formwork works meet the requirements of concrete quality and construction safety, and concrete pouring can only be carried out after the signature of the construction director.

Next, teachers and lecturers patiently explained the reconstruction of xx and the flowers of xx. In this internship, I have a more realistic understanding of the responsibilities and functions of all parties in the construction project, and deeply understand all kinds of contradictions, constraints and practical problems involved in the project construction. I have witnessed the hard work of construction workers and the originality and practicability of their various technologies in actual construction, such as the binding of steel bars. First of all, the bottom foundation reinforcement should be arranged, and the number of joints per span reinforcement is only 25%, that is, there is only one joint for four reinforcement bars, and the joint should be placed in the compression zone as far as possible. In the process of building walls, if the walls have to turn or intersect, two walls should be built together, and an oblique IF can be left when leaving it; If you want to leave a straight if, you should leave a positive if, and there should be Rachel reinforcement, not a negative if. In the process of concrete construction, we should pay special attention to the mixture ratio of concrete and pay attention to the hot curing.

What I have seen and heard on the construction site these days has further stimulated my love and yearning for this major, and also made me deeply realize that if I want to make a difference in the construction industry, I should make more efforts not only in theory but also in practical application. At the same time, I deeply understand a kind of responsibility, and hope that through my own efforts, I can contribute to the great buildings of the motherland and realize my own value. Earthwork excavation of foundation pit (trough) on August 3, 2006.

Today, on my way to the construction site, I saw a construction site digging a foundation pit, so I asked Master about the knowledge of foundation pit excavation.

First, the process flow:

Determine the excavation sequence and slope → average excavation by sections and layers → trimming and bottom cleaning.

Second, the operation process

This project is an unsupported foundation pit (trough), and the slope must be put. The steepest slope should be 33%.

1, foundation pit (groove) excavation, reasonably determine the excavation sequence, route and excavation depth, and excavate evenly by sections and layers.

2. When the excavator moves along the excavation edge, the width of the machine from the upper edge of the slope should not be less than 1/2 of the depth of the foundation pit (groove) and pipe trench.

3, in the process of excavation, should always check the state of the groove wall and slope. Should be prepared for protection, in case of collapse. Los Angeles.

4, excavation of foundation pit (groove) shall not be dug below the design elevation.

5. Earthwork that can't be dug by mechanical construction should be dug at any time with the help of manpower, and transported to the place dug by machinery by trolley so as to be dug in time.

6. Help clear the bottom. At the edge of the tank 50cm away from the design elevation of the tank bottom, find out the horizontal line, nail the Xiao Mu branch pipe, and manually dig the temporary soil layer. At the same time, both ends of the axis (center line) will pull the pile through the line (with small wire or lead wire), check the size from the groove edge, and determine the groove width standard. Trim the groove edge in this way, and finally remove the earthwork at the bottom of the groove. Quality inspection and acceptance shall be carried out after the tank bottom is repaired and leveled.

7. Due to the requirement of digging concrete cast-in-place piles, the earthwork stored on site should be piled up reasonably. When the site is stacked conditionally, leave enough good soil for backfilling; Excess earthwork should be transported away at one time to avoid secondary handling.

Third, the quality standard

The foundation pit (groove) and foundation soil of the site must meet the design requirements, and no disturbance is allowed.

Quality problems that should be paid attention to

(1) Overexcavation of basement: excavation of foundation pit (groove) shall not exceed the elevation of basement.

(2) The basement is not protected: the disturbance to the foundation soil should be minimized after the foundation pit (trench) is excavated.

(3) Insufficient excavation size and large slope: the excavation width and slope at the bottom of the foundation pit (trough) should be increased according to the construction needs in addition to the structural size requirements.

(4) Unreasonable construction sequence: Earthwork excavation should be carried out in strict accordance with the construction sequence specified in the construction plan, and attention should be paid to the excavation from the lower part first, and it should be carried out in layers and sections in turn to form a certain slope to facilitate drainage. Ask questions to patients with Alzheimer's disease.

August 4, 2006, Sunshine Ground Exploration.

Today, Master told me that foundation drilling should be carried out after foundation pit excavation, but I had never heard of what foundation drilling was before, and I only knew a little after listening to Master's explanation.

1. Process flow: setting brazing points → drilling in place → pulling out brazing → filling sand.

↓ ↓

Record the number of blows and check the hole depth.

Incorporate hair and skin defects into his silicone works-including fingers, hands, shoulders, ears and so on.

Second, the construction machines and tools

Portable penetrometer

Brazing of steel: it is made of steel bars with a diameter of 25mm, with a 60-degree taper, and the brazing length is 2.1m; ; Hammer: weight 10 kg; Portable sound generating device.

Third, the operating conditions

(1) The foundation soil has been dug to the bottom elevation of the design foundation pit (groove), the surface should be smooth, and the axis and the width and length of the pit (groove) all meet the requirements of the design drawings.

(2) The borehole layout has been drawn.

(3) According to the drilling position, layout and pay-off. Nail a small stake or sprinkle white ash on the hole.

(4) Draw a horizontal line of 30cm on the drill pipe in advance.

August 5, 2006, Sunshine Ground Exploration.

Today, I continued to ask Master about foundation drilling.

First, the operation process

1, drilling in place:

(1) Align the drill tip with the hole position, and one person will straighten the steel drill and drive it vertically into the soil layer.

(2) Record the number of hammering: record the number of hammering every 30cm of drill pipe driven into the soil.

(3) Sand filling: The drilled holes are checked by the quality inspector and the relevant foreman and recorded, and the unified sand filling can only be carried out after the foundation inspection of relevant departments is qualified.

(6) Record arrangement: number the holes in sequence, fill in the hammering number in the unified form with clear handwriting, and file it after being signed by the driller.

Second, the quality standard

(1) main project

They said that they finally tested it on 9 Alzheimer's patients and 7 healthy volunteers.

The depth of drilling exploration must meet the requirements, and the number of hammering records must be accurate. False drilling is not allowed.

(2) General projects

The brazing position is basically accurate, and the probe holes shall not be missed. The sand filling in the borehole should be dense.

Third, the finished product protection

After the completion of borehole exploration, the borehole should be marked and protected. Without the quality inspection and reinspection of the relevant foreman, it is not allowed to block or fill sand.

Fourth, the quality problems that should be paid attention to

(1) If drilling can't go on, ask the relevant foreman for instructions, or cancel drilling or shift drilling. Have to hit, and fill in the number of hits at will.

(2) Make records and arrange the layout.

On August 6, 2006, the manual bored pile was cleaned up.

Today, Master showed me the construction technology of artificial bored piles in adjacent buildings. The general process is as follows:

operative technique

1. Setting out pile position and elevation: On the basis of site leveling, the grid control network of pile position axis and the allowable points of elevation datum points are determined according to the building survey control network and foundation setting out data. Determine the center of the pile position, take the midpoint as the center, take the radius of the pile body plus the thickness of the retaining wall as the radius, and draw the circumference of the upper part (that is, the first step). Excavation of dimension line with lime line as pile hole. After the hole line is determined, the retainer is bricked with cement mortar and the upper part is plastered. After the pile ring masonry has a certain strength, the axis position will pop up on the retainer, and then the hole will be dug manually.

At 8: 00 a.m. on October 29th, 65438/KLOC-0, on the second floor of the Economic Management Building, Zhao Shukuan, our internship leader, gave us the mobilization work before implementation and the safety matters that should be paid attention to. The summary is as follows:

Understand the architectural and structural construction drawings of the internship project, understand the nature, scale, production technology, architectural structure and structural system, the characteristics of foundation and foundation, and personal views on design drawings;

Participate in the construction and organization management of a unit project or division project (1), understand the construction scheme (foundation and foundation construction method, structural characteristics, main load-bearing structure construction method, construction technical measures and personal opinions on the construction scheme) (2), understand the project schedule and operation plan (3), and understand the purpose of the construction budgeting machine.

Understand the construction methods, operation points, main mechanical equipment, their uses and quality requirements of major projects.

Understand the organization and management system of the construction unit, the functions and relationships of various departments, and understand the functions and business scope of technicians.

Understand the new technologies, new processes, new materials and modern management in the construction site.

65438+18: 30am on October 29th-10: 30am Exhibition * Visit Shangri-La construction site.

We took a bus to the construction site of Shangri-La, which is located on the north side of the International Convention and Exhibition Center, Xinyu Road 1, High-tech Zone, Licheng District, Jinan. This is also the first stop of our internship.

A master in charge of construction management first introduced us to the basic situation of the Shangri-La real estate project and its advantages and highlights after completion. Through his explanation, we learned that Shangri-La, as a masterpiece of the charm of the oriental city, is located in the core of the eastern CBD. It is the second phase of Jinan International Convention and Exhibition Center invested and developed by Jinan Tianye Industrial Co., Ltd., with a planned total construction area of nearly 230,000 square meters. They are all luxury serviced apartments with 55-78 square meters and two bedrooms with 64-84 square meters. After the project is completed, it will become a landmark building in the East High-tech Zone of Greater Jinan. The main building of Shangri-La Convention and Exhibition is 96.89 meters high, enjoying the mature supporting construction achievements of a million square meters new city in the High-tech Zone for more than ten years, and has the three-dimensional traffic advantage created by the extension lines of Industrial South Road, No.10 Road and No.1 Road. In 2007, CIIIC (National Software Park) was a world-class IT industrial cluster.

After listening to the master's introduction, we crossed the safe passage and entered the first line of construction. Let's enter the 26th floor north tower in the middle, with a room of 50㎡, which belongs to a small apartment and is used for office accommodation. Now the building is in the construction stage, but the basic framework of the building has been completed. The crane on the roof is still running and the masters are busy. When we entered the second floor, we were greeted by columns and walls made of reinforced concrete. Some walls are covered with small holes for installing pipes, and long or short thin steel bars and plastic pipes are left under the feet after construction. This is our first time at the scene. Everyone is very excited and asks many questions around the teacher and the chief engineer. The general manager explained the knowledge of frame shear wall to us, which benefited us a lot.

65438+ 10: 30, 8: 00 am ——10: 30, the construction site of the cut tobacco workshop, cigarette wrapping assembly line and packaging workshop in the new factory area of Jinan Cigarette Factory.

Under the leadership of the staff, we first watched the publicity exhibition board on the spot and got a general understanding of the factory. Jinan Cigarette Factory, formerly known as 1928, is an enterprise with a long history of development. Jinan Cigarette Factory, with the support of the provincial party committee and government, carried out ex situ technical transformation with the goal of becoming a bigger and stronger enterprise. Jinan cigarette factory ex situ technical transformation project is a key technical transformation project of tobacco industry approved by the State Tobacco Monopoly Bureau, which was held in Shandong Province in 2005.

The new factory is located in the new area of Jinan High-tech Development Zone, with a length of 1040m from north to south, a width of 880m-760m from east to west, a net floor space of1002mu, a production scale of1000000 boxes and 200,000 boxes of cigarettes exported. The main implementation contents are: building a comprehensive office building, a technology research and development center, an auxiliary living building and joint cigarette production. Flavor and fragrance warehouse, supporting industrial zone, cultural fitness venue, parking lot, etc. The overall topography of the plant is high in the south and low in the north, high in the east and low in the west, with a difference of 8.9 meters between the north and the south and 3 meters between the east and the west. Among them, the north gate is the main gate of the factory, which is the image display area of the factory, the west gate is the finished product logistics outlet, and the south gate is the raw material logistics inlet. The west and south of the factory are surrounded by Weizishan, which provides favorable conditions for the overall construction of the landscape space of the factory.

Then we visited the cut stem processing workshop. In the process of cigarette production, the stem cutting process is the longest, the process is the most complicated and the types of equipment are the most. While visiting, the staff told us about the process of making cigarettes. Through his explanation, we learned that the production process of cigarettes generally goes through seven major production processes: tobacco primary baking, threshing and redrying, tobacco fermentation, cigarette formula, cigarette shredding, cigarette rolling and cigarette packaging. The automatic unpacking technology and equipment of tobacco stems independently developed by Xuzhou Zhong Kai Electromechanical Equipment Manufacturing Co., Ltd. was installed in the technical transformation production line of Jinan Cigarette Factory in February 2007. The biggest technical feature of this technology and equipment is: 1, which realizes the mechanization and automation of unpacking and feeding tobacco stems and reduces the labor intensity. 2. It creates conditions for online continuous production. 3. The automatic unpacking process of tobacco stems is completed in a closed negative pressure box. Dust and tobacco stems will not overflow, reducing environmental pollution. At present, the packaging of tobacco stems is generally made of hemp bags, and the unpacking and feeding at the production site are basically done manually. There are many operators, heavy labor intensity, serious environmental pollution, messy site and uncoordinated with modern production lines. The adoption of new technology can greatly improve labor efficiency and save labor costs.

When visiting the workshop, the staff also introduced us to the situation of side lighting and skylight lighting and the relevant knowledge of roof stress, and introduced the production and use of new equipment. Subsequently, we entered the cigarette packaging assembly line and watched the complicated processes completed in an orderly manner with automatic equipment. This is the power of technology! Finally, we went to the factory site of cigarette packaging workshop and felt the architecture different from real estate.

65438+1October 3 1 8: 00 a.m.-10: 30 to visit the marketing center and construction site of Cai's villa.

In the marketing hall, the staff showed us the scenic spot plan of Cai's Villa, and explained its unique geographical location and environmental advantages: Cai's Villa is located in the core of Jinan's most dynamic eastern new city, with a unique natural environment on the main axis of Jinan's urban development 10 road. The area is surrounded by mountains on three sides and water on two sides, and is connected with Panlong Mountain, Longdong and Jiangshuiquan Scenic Area in the south. Looking north at the Yellow River, the mother river confronts Huashan and Woniu Mountain. In this area, Hushan, which covers an area of 600 mu, stands proudly and is shaded by trees. Streams are intertwined and gardens are densely covered. Naturally, the spatial form of mountains as screens and hills as gardens is formed, which is incomparable to other urban areas. The mountains are surrounded by water and the sun is shining. The temperature in summer is 3℃-5℃ lower than that in the city. There is no smoke pollution in winter, and the quality is outstanding.

Later, we saw townhouses and duplex apartment models in the exhibition hall, which were noble, elegant and comfortable, and everyone couldn't help dreaming again. Then we went to the construction site, because apartment buildings are different from ordinary factories and workshops, especially the application of pile foundation and steel bars. Under the explanation of the chief engineer, we learned a lot about pile foundation and reinforcement.

1 1.2 p.m. 13:00—— 15:00 Shandong Provincial Highway Engineering Technology Research Center Laboratory

The laboratory of Shandong Highway Engineering Technology Research Center is the last stop of our internship, and this time it is mainly to let us know the characteristics of highway bridge construction.

Shandong Highway Engineering Corporation is a large-scale project contracting enterprise of Shandong highway system approved by Shandong Provincial People's Government. It has the special qualification of highway engineering construction issued by the Ministry of Construction and the first-class credit of highway construction approved by the Ministry of Communications. The company has a registered capital of 360 million yuan and more than 65,438 sets of various mechanical equipment. The predecessor of the head office is the Highway Bureau in Shandong Province. Municipal highway engineering office. At present, the head office has built more than 30,000 kilometers of expressways at home and abroad. In order to further improve the technical level, strengthen the testing, technical services and research and development capabilities, with the strong support of the leaders of the Highway Bureau of the Provincial Communications Department, the R&D Center invested more than 6 million yuan, introduced advanced testing instruments from the United States, and built a technical research center.

Under the leadership of the staff, we visited the asphalt laboratory, cement concrete laboratory, curing room, joint filling material instrument laboratory, micro-surfacing laboratory, aggregate laboratory, asphalt mixture laboratory, pavement testing laboratory and so on. , so that we understand the asphalt pavement material test, mix design, development materials, structure, construction technology, finished product testing and other system technical knowledge. In the reception room, the staff also introduced us to the development of the head office and the current development prospect of the expressway.