The "most shortage of people" in manufacturing industry should be solved through development.

The "most shortage of people" in manufacturing industry should be solved through development.

According to CCTV news reports, China Employment Training Technical Guidance Center recently organized 102 to monitor urban public employment service agencies, collected and summarized the information of recruitment positions in the third quarter when the supply and demand of human resources market were tight, and summarized the "list of' most vacant positions' 100 occupations in the third quarter of 2022", including 39 manufacturing and related personnel and 37 social production service and life service personnel. Compared with the previous quarter, the lack of work in the manufacturing industry continued, and the lack of work in technical positions was more prominent. In addition to the shortage of traditional lathe workers, welders and other jobs, there are also riveters, forgers, mold workers and other occupations entering the list. The shortage of jobs such as "motor manufacturing", "instrument manufacturing" and "automobile production line operator" has also increased compared with the second quarter

In addition to the typical manufacturing jobs, the logistics industry and transportation industry, which are closely related to the manufacturing industry, have also experienced an increase in job shortages. Postal salespersons, highway passenger service attendants and other occupations are newly arranged, and there are more and more shortages of engineering.

This phenomenon, to some extent, is in line with economic laws.

The economist William baumol put forward the concept of "baumol cost disease" in 1965. He divided the economic sector into sectors with rapid development of productivity, such as various electronic products and modern agriculture, and the demand for labor force usually decreased due to technological progress. Industries with relatively backward or stable productivity, such as art performance, education and medical care, have a greater demand for rigid labor. Simply put, robots can be used instead of labor to improve productivity on the production line, but it always takes so many people to play symphonies. Because the demand of the latter sector has always existed, even if the economic growth becomes more vigorous, it is difficult to improve the efficiency of service supply through technology substitution, and the result is a substantial increase in labor wages, which will attract labor to enter the latter sector and eventually lead to a shortage of labor in the former sector, mainly the manufacturing sector.

To some extent, "baumol's disease" is an inevitable phenomenon in economic development. In China, demographic changes have aggravated this phenomenon. In the 30 years before the reform and opening up, the rapid development of China's economy was inseparable from the help of demographic dividend, but with the arrival of an aging society, this dividend is gradually disappearing. According to the data of the United Nations population report, the population aged 20-64 in China (the main age group undertaking social labor) entered a long-term downward trend after reaching the peak of 934 million in 20 15. With the decrease of labor force and the increase of service income, the service industry will naturally absorb more employed people.

According to the nature of jobs, these jobs can be divided into two categories in manufacturing industry.

One kind is "road freight car drivers" and "loading and unloading porters", which require very low knowledge and skills-as long as they can drive, watch navigation and have strength. This kind of position is difficult to recruit because of the lack of growth. After driving for ten years and being a porter for ten years, you can't accumulate extra experience. Therefore, even if the wages of such jobs are not low, young people are reluctant to enter these industries.

For example, bricklayers earn as much as 400-500 yuan a day, and it takes only a few months of experience to reach this level; The salary of a white-collar university graduate may be only five or six thousand yuan a month, and it is likely that it will be difficult to improve in a few years, but from a longer-term perspective, the work that college students are engaged in will definitely grow better.

Therefore, in the case of a small working population, young people are more precious, and naturally they are unwilling to do those tired and lack of growth. To some extent, this is a problem brought about by economic development, and only development can solve it. Through technological innovation, machines can replace simple human labor as much as possible.

Another type of these jobs is "riveter", "forger" and "die maker". These jobs require not only relevant knowledge, but also skilled operation ability and work experience. What enterprises need is not necessarily students who have just graduated from vocational schools, but skilled and experienced industrial workers. Posts such as "motor manufacturing" and "instrument manufacturing" in this category may even require multidisciplinary comprehensive knowledge, and they can already be called technicians. There is no immediate way to alleviate the shortage of such jobs, which can only be solved comprehensively through school training, social and enterprise training.