Emergency treatment measures for hydrogen cylinder accidents

1 hydrogen cylinder leakage (no fire) accident

Hydrogen cylinder leakage generally occurs at the connection thread between the cylinder valve and the cylinder or at the interface when the cylinder valve is not tightly closed. The treatment method is to strictly isolate the fire source from the fire source, evacuate people in the area where hydrogen may spread, and keep the electrical switch intact to avoid fire. Move the leaked gas cylinder to a ventilated and open place. If conditions permit, ventilation can be strengthened to ensure the reduction of hydrogen concentration.

If the valve of the hydrogen cylinder is not closed, it is strictly prohibited to use it. Just close it tightly.

2 hydrogen cylinder leakage fire accident

Because the bottle valve was not closed properly, the flame came out along the bottle valve. You can put on gloves and quickly close the bottle valve to put out the fire. If the bottle valve cannot be closed or the flame is ejected horizontally or vertically along the thread of the bottle valve interface, the accident bottle or the gas cylinder baked by it should be cooled with water immediately to reduce its temperature and avoid explosion. If possible, the emergency rescue team should wear protective equipment, move the accident gas cylinder to a safe place (ventilated, open and free of flammable materials around), continue to cool the bottle body, and use dry powder fire extinguishers to extinguish the fire. Don't put out the fire without fire prevention measures around, lest a large amount of gas overflow and cause an explosion. On the premise of ensuring no explosion, it can be allowed to burn by itself until it burns nearby and goes out.

If there are many gas cylinders around, first cool the gas cylinders baked by the surrounding flames and the accident gas cylinders to avoid serial explosion.

3 hydrogen cylinder explosion accident

After the hydrogen bottle caught fire, the internal pressure increased due to high temperature baking. When the pressure exceeds its maximum working pressure (design pressure), an explosion may occur.

Measures taken after the explosion accident:

The explosion was sudden and devastating. After the accident, report to the commander-in-chief and deputy commander-in-chief. Other members of the headquarters and accident rescue professionals should quickly rush to the scene for emergency rescue. If a secondary fire is caused, it should be reported to the fire department immediately while taking measures (1 19). If casualties are caused, it should be reported to the public security organ immediately to maintain the order at the scene, and the medical rescue department should carry out emergency rescue. At the same time, the headquarters should report to the higher authorities.

The rescue measures are as follows:

(1) Take measures (evacuation, transfer).

(2) Rescue the wounded and send them to the ambulance department quickly.

(3) Protect the site. Stay alert and keep communication and traffic open.

(4) Evacuate irrelevant personnel and stop watching.

In case of fire, long-distance water spraying can be implemented to cool down or other fire extinguishing methods can be adopted.

4 Storage and treatment measures of hydrogen cylinders

The keeper of the hydrogen cylinder must be familiar with the common sense of safe gas use, and must wear the prescribed anti-static protective gear before taking up his post.

The keeper should strictly check the empty bottles returned to the station, and if they are found to be baked, bumped, rolled and deformed, they should immediately stop using them for maintenance. Empty cylinders should be selected and used after proper treatment.

The inflated gas cylinders must be placed neatly in the warehouse except on the loading and unloading platform, and it is forbidden to mix them with empty cylinders.

If the gas cylinder in the warehouse leaks, it should immediately report the quality inspection items and be handled by the inspection. Always open doors and windows in the library to ensure indoor air circulation.

laboratory

There are many kinds of gases in the laboratory. If it is not properly preserved, the gas will be confused and explosion accidents will easily occur.

Improper use and storage of chemical reagents may harm human skin, eyes and respiratory system.

If chemical reagents are lost and flow into society, it is likely to cause harm to society.

If the instrument carrier gas leaks, it is prone to accidents.

Laboratory personnel are prone to accidents such as lack of knowledge, weak safety awareness, illegal operation and misoperation.

Emergency treatment measures for hydrogen cylinder accidents [2]

Introduction of a typical chlorine leakage poisoning accident

Accident 1: At about August 3, 20065438 17, a chlorine gas leakage accident occurred in a scrap metal recycling company in Donggang East Road, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province, and the toxic gas spread to the surrounding family areas. The specific number of poisoned people is difficult to calculate at the moment. Among them, more than 60 severely poisoned patients were sent to the surrounding hospitals for rescue, and there were 10 children among the hospitalized patients. According to eyewitnesses, a high-pressure steel cylinder made a "beep" sound in the scrap pile, and then a yellow gas rushed through the scrap pile, and the strong smell spread around, causing many employees to be poisoned. Later, I learned that the toxic gas was chlorine. It is understood that due to the long-term exposure of high-pressure steel cylinders covered with chlorine gas to the sun, the valves cracked and chlorine gas leaked. There are also some lessons from this accident: first, cylinders filled with gas cannot be exposed to the open air for a long time; The second is the scrap metal recycling station, which buys gas cylinders at will, whether full or empty, and piles them up at will after purchase, becoming a hidden danger point of accidents; The third is lax governance. At present, a large number of gas cylinders are "lost", and profiteers and scavengers steal to waste collection stations, which has become a hidden danger of accidents.

Accident 2: 2065438+At about 20: 30 on July 9, 2007, a worker in a factory in Xixia District, Yinchuan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region found that the valve was loose and chlorine gas leaked during the closing process. At that time, four workers at the scene were in the upwind position, and immediately shouted that more than 0 workers in the factory building 10, which was only 4~5m away from the chlorine leakage point, immediately evacuated to the upwind position. About 250 meters downwind from the incident, four workers played chess in front of the dormitory. At about 20: 35, after hearing the sound, a yellow smoke came to my face, and I felt difficult to breathe, chest tightness and cough. Immediately I turned out from the wall next to the dormitory, and then the dormitory workers covered their noses and mouths with towels and evacuated. The person in charge of the factory immediately closed the valve of the chlorine tank after discovering the chlorine leakage. At the same time, the poisoned employees were quickly sent to the hospital for treatment, and immediately reported to the higher authorities and ordered the factory to stop production. Afterwards, it was found that 123 downwind workers and residents were poisoned, 5 people were slightly poisoned, and 1 18 people had an irritating reaction due to the corrosion of the valve under the chlorine buffer tank in the factory. Fortunately, no employees died.