What does the national vocational qualification include?

Frequently asked questions about national vocational qualifications 1. What is a professional qualification? Vocational qualification is the basic requirement of knowledge, technology and ability necessary to engage in a certain occupation. Professional qualifications include professional qualifications and professional qualifications. Vocational qualification refers to the starting point standard of knowledge, technology and ability of a certain occupation (occupation). Vocational qualification refers to the government's access control of some professions (occupations) with great responsibility, strong social universality and public interest. It is an essential standard of knowledge, technology and ability to practice independently or engage in a specific profession (occupation) according to law. 2. What is a vocational qualification certificate? What is its purpose? Vocational qualification certificate is the proof that workers have the necessary knowledge and skills to engage in a certain occupation. It is the qualification certificate for workers to apply for jobs, take up posts and start businesses, the main basis for employers to recruit workers, and the effective certificate for overseas employment and foreign labor cooperation personnel to notarize their skill level. 3. What is the vocational qualification certificate system? The vocational qualification certificate system is an important part of the employment system and a special form of the national examination system. The main content refers to the policy provisions and implementation measures of objectively, fairly, scientifically and normatively evaluating and appraising the skill level or vocational qualification of workers through the appraisal institutions recognized by the government according to the vocational skill standards or qualification conditions formulated by the state, and awarding corresponding national vocational qualification certificates to those who pass the examination. 4. What's the difference between vocational qualification certificate and academic certificate? Vocational qualification is the basic requirement of knowledge, technology and ability necessary to engage in a certain occupation, which reflects the ability of workers to use specific knowledge, technology and skills to meet the needs of professional labor. Different from academic diploma, academic diploma mainly reflects students' learning experience and is a proof of cultural theory knowledge level. Professional qualifications are closely combined with the specific requirements of professional labor, which more directly and accurately reflects the actual working standards and operating norms of a specific occupation and the actual working ability level of workers engaged in this occupation. 5. What is the significance of the national implementation of the vocational qualification certificate system? Carrying out vocational skill appraisal and carrying out vocational qualification certificate system is an important measure to implement the strategy of "rejuvenating the country through science and education" put forward by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, and it is also a strategic measure to develop human resources in China. It is of great significance to improve the quality of workers, promote the construction of labor market, deepen the reform of state-owned enterprises and promote economic development. 6. What is the legal basis for implementing the vocational qualification certificate system? Article 69 of Chapter VIII of the Labor Law stipulates: "The State determines the occupational classification, formulates the vocational skill standards for the specified occupations, and implements the vocational qualification certificate system, and the assessment and appraisal institutions approved by the government are responsible for the assessment and appraisal of workers' vocational skills. Article 8 of Chapter I of the Vocational Education Law clearly stipulates: "The implementation of vocational education should be based on the actual needs, adapt to the occupational classification and occupational grading standards formulated by the state, and implement the system of academic diplomas, training certificates and vocational qualification certificates". These legal provisions determine the legal basis for the state to implement the vocational qualification certificate system and carry out vocational skill appraisal. 7. How many grades are there in the vocational qualification certificate? National vocational qualification grades are divided into five grades: primary (level 5), intermediate (level 4), advanced (level 3), technician (level 2) and senior technician (level 1). 8. What is the employment access system? Employment access system refers to the system that workers who engage in occupations (jobs) with complex technology and wide versatility, involving state property, people's life safety and consumers' interests, can only be employed after receiving training and obtaining professional qualification certificates according to the relevant provisions of Labor Law and Vocational Education Law. Major of unified examination: human resource manager, psychological counselor, project management division, career counselor, enterprise information manager, marketer, secretary and customs broker. Some non-unified majors: public nutritionist, corporate trainer, financial planner, e-commerce division, logistics division, aromatic health care division, network manager, image designer, professional manager, real estate agent, real estate planner and so on. Gardeners, interior decorators, graphic designers, art designers, advertising designers, flight attendants of civil aviation, nannies, bartenders, Chinese chefs, Chinese pastry chefs, Western chefs, western pastry chefs, automobile mechanics, automobile brokers, second-hand motor vehicle appraisers, masseurs, health care massage therapist, Chinese medicine rehabilitation and health care, beauticians, hairdressers, optometrists and glasses ordering.